TUESDAY, JUNE 10, 2025                                               11:21 A.M.



                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE HOUSE WILL

                    COME TO ORDER.

                                 GOOD MORNING, COLLEAGUES.

                                 IN THE ABSENCE OF CLERGY, IF WE COULD TAKE A MOMENT

                    FOR ONE OF OUR COLLEAGUES WHO WAS TAKEN TO THE HOSPITAL THIS MORNING.

                                 (WHEREUPON, A MOMENT OF SILENCE WAS OBSERVED.)

                                 VISITORS ARE INVITED TO JOIN THE MEMBERS IN THE PLEDGE

                    OF ALLEGIANCE.

                                 (WHEREUPON, ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER LED VISITORS AND

                    MEMBERS IN THE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE.)

                                 A QUORUM BEING PRESENT, THE CLERK WILL READ THE

                    JOURNAL OF MONDAY, JUNE 9TH.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                          1



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, I MOVE

                    TO DISPENSE WITH THE FURTHER READING OF THE JOURNAL OF MONDAY, JUNE

                    THE 9TH, AND THAT THE SAME STAND APPROVED.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WITHOUT OBJECTION,

                    SO ORDERED.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  WELL, GOOD MORNING,

                    COLLEAGUES AND GUESTS THAT ARE IN THE CHAMBERS.  WE'RE GOING TO BEGIN

                    OUR DAY WITH A QUOTE, AS USUAL.  THIS ONE IS COMING FROM ELEANOR

                    ROOSEVELT.  MOST OF US KNOW WHO SHE WAS, SHE'S A FORMER FIRST LADY.

                    HER WORDS FOR US TODAY:  "THE FUTURE BELONGS TO THOSE WHO BELIEVE IN

                    THE BEAUTY OF THEIR DREAMS."  AGAIN, THESE WORDS FROM FORMER FIRST

                    LADY ELEANOR ROOSEVELT.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, MEMBERS HAVE ON THEIR DESK A MAIN

                    CALENDAR, AS WELL AS A DEBATE LIST.  BEFORE ANY HOUSEKEEPING OR

                    INTRODUCTIONS, WE'RE GOING TO BE CALLING FOR THE RULES COMMITTEE TO

                    MEET.  THAT COMMITTEE IS GOING TO PRODUCE AN A-CALENDAR OF WHICH WE

                    WILL TAKE UP TODAY.  WE WILL ALSO BE CALLING FOR THE WAYS AND MEANS

                    COMMITTEE TO MEET.  WE SHOULD BEGIN OUR FLOOR WORK, HOWEVER, WITH

                    THE FOLLOWING BILLS ON CONSENT:  RULES REPORT NO. 251 BY MS. DAVILA,

                    RULES REPORT NO. 274 BY MR. BRAUNSTEIN AND RULES REPORT NO. 372 BY

                    MS. GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS.  WE WILL THEN TAKE UP ON DEBATE, CALENDAR NO.

                    84 BY MS. ROSENTHAL.  MADAM SPEAKER, IT MAY BE NECESSARY TO

                    ANNOUNCE ADDITIONAL FLOOR ACTIVITY AS WE PROCEED; HOWEVER, THAT IS A

                    GENERAL OUTLINE OF WHERE AT TODAY, MA'AM.  IF YOU WOULD PLEASE CALL THE

                    RULES COMMITTEE TO THE SPEAKING -- SPEAKER'S CONFERENCE ROOM, WE

                                          2



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CAN BEGIN OUR WORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.  RULES

                    COMMITTEE MEMBERS TO THE SPEAKER'S CONFERENCE ROOM.  RULES

                    COMMITTEE MEMBERS TO THE SPEAKER'S CONFERENCE ROOM.

                                 WE HAVE A PIECE OF HOUSEKEEPING THIS MORNING.

                                 ON A MOTION BY MS. BICHOTTE HERMELYN, PAGE 20,

                    RULES REPORT NO. 532, BILL NO. A8412-C, THE AMENDMENTS ARE

                    RECEIVED AND ADOPTED.

                                 WE HAVE SEVERAL INTRODUCTIONS THIS MORNING.  WE WILL

                    START WITH MS. RAJKUMAR FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MS. RAJKUMAR:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 TODAY I RISE TO HONOR A REMARKABLE NEW YORKER,

                    LAUREN CLAUS, THE DEVOTED GUARDIAN OF A BELOVED DOG NAMED PENNY.

                    LAUREN IS SOMEONE WHO EXEMPLIFIES LOVE, RESILIENCE AND CIVIC SPIRIT.

                                 WHEN PENNY WAS TRAGICALLY HARMED, LAUREN TURNED

                    PAIN INTO PURPOSE.  SHE HAS BECOME A QUIET BUT POWERFUL FORCE;

                    SPEAKING OUT, ORGANIZING AND STANDING UP FOR THE WELLBEING OF ANIMALS

                    ACROSS OUR STATE.  A -- A RESIDENT OF NEW YORK CITY FOR FOUR YEARS,

                    LAUREN HAS BEEN A LOVER OF ALL ANIMALS SINCE SHE WAS YOUNG.  WORKING

                    IN A HIGHLY STRESSFUL MEDIA ENVIRONMENT, PENNY COMES WITH HER TO

                    WORK EVERY DAY, PROVIDING HER SO MUCH COMFORT AND SUPPORT.  WHAT

                    MAKES LAUREN EXTRAORDINARY IS NOT JUST HER STRENGTH AND ADVERSITY, BUT

                    HER DEEP BELIEF THAT OUR COMMUNITIES CAN BE SAFER, KINDER AND MORE

                    JUST FOR BOTH PEOPLE AND ANIMALS WE CHERISH.

                                 IT IS A PRIVILEGE TO WELCOME LAUREN CLAUS TO THE

                                          3



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PEOPLE'S HOUSE.  SHE REMINDS US THAT -- THAT COMPASSION IS A FORM OF

                    COURAGE AND THAT ONE PERSON, MOVED BY LOVE, CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE.

                    PLEASE JOIN ME IN RECOGNIZING LAUREN CLAUS AND HER CHERISHED

                    COMPANION, PENNY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON BEHALF OF MS.

                    RAJKUMAR, THE SPEAKER AND ALL MEMBERS, WE WELCOME YOU, LAUREN AND

                    PENNY, TO THE ASSEMBLY CHAMBER, EXTEND TO YOU THE PRIVILEGES OF THE

                    FLOOR.  THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR ADVOCACY FOR ALL FOUR-LEGGED

                    CREATURES THAT WE LOVE.  WE HOPE YOU ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS TODAY.

                    THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH FOR JOINING US.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 MS. TAPIA FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MS. TAPIA:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I RISE TODAY TO RECOGNIZE AN EXTRAORDINARY

                    ORGANIZATION MAKING A PROFOUND IMPACT ON THE LIVES OF FAMILIES ACROSS

                    NEW YORK AND THE COUNTRY, NEPHCURE.  WITH US WE HAVE MICHAEL

                    LEVINE, THE BOARD CHAIR FOR NEPHCURE AND HIS WIFE DANA LEVINE.

                    MICHAEL AND DANA HAVE A SON, MATTHEW, WHO WAS DIAGNOSED WITH

                    FSGS WHEN HE WAS TWO YEARS OLD.  REMEMBER THAT ALSO MY SON WAS

                    DIAGNOSED WITH FSGS WHEN HE WAS 13 YEARS OLD.

                                 NEPHCURE IS THE ONLY NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION IN THE

                    UNITED STATES EXCLUSIVELY FOCUSED ON SUPPORTING THOSE AFFECTED BY RARE

                    PROTEIN SPILLING KIDNEY DISEASES INCLUDING FSGS AND NEPHROTIC

                    SYNDROME.  THESE DISEASES ARE DEVASTATING AND OFTEN STRIKE YOUNG

                    CHILDREN AND DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECT COMMUNITY OF COLORS.

                                          4



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    NEPHCURE IS LEADING THE CHARGE IN FUNDING INNOVATIVE RESEARCH,

                    CONNECTING FAMILIES WITH EXPERT CARE AND DRIVING ADVOCACY AT EVERY

                    LEVEL, FROM LOCAL COMMUNITIES TO WASHINGTON, D.C.  I WANT TO THANK

                    THE STAFF, THE VOLUNTEERS, THE RESEARCHERS AND, MOST IMPORTANTLY, THE

                    PATIENTS AND FAMILIES WHO MAKE UP THE NEPHCURE COMMUNITY.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  PLEASE SHOW THE -- THE

                    PRIVILEGE OF -- OF THE ASSEMBLY AND THE -- AND THE HOUSE TO THIS -- TO

                    THIS ORGANIZATION THAT BE CHANGING MANY LIVES AND SAVING MANY LIVES

                    ALL THE WAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 ON BEHALF OF MS. TAPIA, THE SPEAKER AND ALL

                    MEMBERS, WE WELCOME YOU, MICHAEL AND DANA, TO THE ASSEMBLY

                    CHAMBER, EXTENDING THE PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR TO YOU.  THANK YOU FOR

                    ALL OF THE IMPORTANT WORK THAT YOU'RE DOING WITH NEPHCURE.  GOOD LUCK

                    AND BEST WISHES TO YOU.  THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 MS. CRUZ FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MS. CRUZ:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 LATER TODAY, I WILL BE MAKING REMARKS ON A RESOLUTION

                    COMMEMORATING COLOMBIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY AND THE CONTRIBUTIONS

                    OF OUR COMMUNITY TO THE STATE.  BUT, FOR NOW, I -- ON BEHALF OF MEMBER

                    ZACCARO AND MYSELF, I'D LIKE TO INTRODUCE THREE MEMBERS OF THE TEAM

                    THAT LEAD THE BIGGEST FESTIVAL OF THE COLUMBIAN COMMUNITY IN THE STATE

                    OF NEW YORK. (SPEAKING FOREIGN LANGUAGE) ALEXANDRA ARISTIZÁBAL

                    SERVES AS THE DIRECTOR OF THE FESTIVAL OF THE COLUMBIAN INDEPENDENCE

                                          5



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    AND PRIDE [SIC], ALSO KNOWN AS FIOC.  THIS FESTIVAL, WHICH ATTRACTS

                    MORE THAN 12,000 PEOPLE PER YEAR, BEGAN IN 2012 IN LONG ISLAND AND

                    MOVED TO QUEENS IN 2018.  THIS YEAR MARKS THEIR 13TH ANNIVERSARY,

                    WHICH WILL BE HELD ON JULY 20TH, WHICH COINCIDENTALLY IS COLUMBIAN

                    INDEPENDENCE DAY AND IT FOCUSES ON CELEBRATING FAMILY AND

                    COMMUNITY.  SHE'S A PROUD REPRESENTATIVE OF THE COLUMBIAN

                    COMMUNITY FROM THE STATE OF (INDISCERNIBLE) AND HER LEADERSHIP HAS

                    HELPED THE FESTIVAL GROW INTO A CHERISHED TRADITION IN OUR COMMUNITY.

                                 JOSE ARBELAEZ IS THE CEO OF J&A GLOBAL, A COMPANY

                    THAT HAS SERVED NEW YORK FOR THE LAST 16 YEARS THROUGHOUT -- THROUGH

                    HIS WORK IN ADVERTISING, MARKETING AND LOGISTICS, ESPECIALLY FOR THE

                    FESTIVAL ITSELF.  HE'S A DEDICATED MEMBER OF THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

                    FOR THE FESTIVAL AND -- AND HE IS ORIGINALLY ALSO FROM (INDISCERNIBLE).

                    JOSE HAS SPENT HIS CAREER STRENGTHENING THE CULTURAL BUSINESSES

                    CONNECTIONS OF THE COLUMBIAN DIASPORA IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 OSCAR RAMIREZ IS THE CEO OF (INDISCERNIBLE), A

                    COMPANY THAT HELPS BOTH RESIDENTS AND VISITORS DISCOVER THE ICONIC

                    LANDMARKS OF CULTURAL RICHNESS OF NEW YORK.  HE IS ALSO AN ACTIVE

                    MEMBER OF (INDISCERNIBLE) HELPING BRING OUR COMMUNITY TOGETHER

                    THROUGH CELEBRATION AND HERITAGE.  OSCAR HAILS FROM (INDISCERNIBLE) IN

                    COLUMBIA AND HAS BEEN A PASSIONATE ADVOCATE FOR UPLIFTING

                    COMMUNITIES -- COLUMBIAN COMMUNITY IN OUR CITY.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, PLEASE HELP ME WELCOME THEM TO THE

                    PEOPLE'S HOUSE AND EXTEND THE CORDIALITIES OF OUR HOUSE TO THEM.

                    THANK YOU.

                                          6



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 ON BEHALF OF MS. CRUZ, MR. ZACCARO, THE SPEAKER AND

                    ALL MEMBERS, WE WELCOME OUR DISTINGUISHED GUESTS HERE TODAY AND

                    EXTEND THE PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR TO YOU AS YOU'RE HERE CELEBRATING FOR

                    THE 13TH ANNIVERSARY OF COLUMBIA INDEPENDENCE DAY.  WE HOPE YOU

                    ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS TODAY.  THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH FOR JOINING US.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 MS. LUCAS FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MS. LUCAS:  GOOD MORNING AND THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.

                                 TODAY, WE ARE JOINED BY GROUPS IN THE CHAMBER AND

                    ONLINE TO COMMEMORATE THE SPIRIT OF THE ANCESTORS THAT LIVES IN US ALL.

                    THAT ENERGY THAT FUELED THE EARLY PANAMANIANS TO SEEK THEIR OWN

                    FREEDOM IS THE SAME ENERGY THAT HELPED TO DEVELOP NATIONS.  SO AS WE

                    CELEBRATE PANAMAS INDEPENDENCE DAY, WE CELEBRATE EACH OF OUR

                    POWERS TO CONTRIBUTE AND IGNITE FOR THE GREATER GOOD.

                                 LATER ON TODAY WE WILL BE HONORING PANAMA'S

                    INDEPENDENCE DAY IN A RESOLUTION.  PARTNERING WITH ME TO CREATE THIS

                    DAY OF CELEBRATION IN ALBANY ARE MY FRIENDS AND ADVISORS, GREGORIO

                    MAYERS, ESQUIRE, PRESIDENT OF THE 507 PANAMA ROUNDTABLE GROUP;

                    ONIDA COWARD MAYERS, PRESIDENT AND CEO OF COMADRE

                    COMMUNICATIONS.  TOGETHER, WE ARE JOINED BY 20 LEADERS IN THE

                    PANAMANIAN COMMUNITY AND PROUD TO SHARE THAT THE PANAMANIAN

                    CONSUL GENERAL TO NEW YORK, ROOSEVELT THAYER, IS WITH US TODAY.

                    ALSO JOINING US ARE THE VICE CONSUL GENERAL, VILMA DI BELLO; THE

                                          7



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PRESIDENT OF MCCORMACK ENTERPRISES, JIMMY MCCORMACK; DR. LETICIA

                    THOMAS, THE DAY OF INDEPENDENCE COMMITTEE OF PANAMANIANS IN NEW

                    YORK WHO ARE CELEBRATING 30 YEARS OF THE PANAMANIAN DAY PARADE.

                    MARIA WILLIS, THE PRESIDENT; MCDALIA ROGERS, MARISSA DUNCAN, ROSA

                    RODRIGUEZ, MARIA MCKENZIE, VELIS NATALIA RODRIGUEZ, GIOVIANNO

                    MONTELLO, BRIANNA JUSTICE, NAILIA FOWLER, OUR QUEEN, LORDES LEWIN,

                    DICANOI PIERCE (ALL PHONETIC), AND THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  AND I

                    ASK THAT YOU EXTEND THE CORDIALITIES OF THE HOUSE TO OUR PANAMANIAN

                    VILLAGE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON BEHALF OF MS.

                    LUCAS, THE SPEAKER AND ALL MEMBERS, WE WELCOME OUR SPECIAL GUESTS

                    THIS MORNING.  THE PANAMANIAN CONSUL GENERAL, MR. ROOSEVELT

                    THAYER, VICE CONSUL GENERAL, ALL OF THE DAY OF INDEPENDENCE

                    COMMITTEE MEMBERS FOR PANAMANIANS IN NEW YORK, CONGRATULATIONS

                    TO YOU FOR YOUR 30-YEAR CELEBRATING FOR THE PANA -- MANIAN -- EXCUSE

                    ME -- PANAMANIAN DAY PARADE.  WE WELCOME YOU TO THE CHAMBER,

                    EXTENDING THE PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR TO YOU.  HOPE YOU ENJOY YOUR TIME

                    HERE TODAY AND THE PROCEEDINGS.  THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH FOR JOINING

                    US.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 MR. KIM FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MR. KIM:  THANK YOU, SPEAKER [SIC].

                                 TODAY I AM JOINED BY MY CONSTITUENTS WHO HAVE

                    TRAVELED FROM QUEENS AND NEW YORK CITY TO CELEBRATE THE ONGOING

                    AAPI, ASIAN AMERICAN HERITAGE MONTH, BUT LATER TODAY I'LL BE

                                          8



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HONORING MR. HUANG SHENG, WHO IS THE PRESIDENT OF ASIAN -- THE

                    COMMITTEE OF ASIAN, CHAIRMAN OF THE WENZHOU OVERSEAS CHINESE

                    ASSOCIATION.  WENZHOU, CHINA IS A REGION THAT HAS OVER NINE MILLION

                    CHINESE IN -- IN -- IN THAT COUNTRY.  BUT THE WENZHOUNESE ARE ALL OVER

                    THE WORLD INCLUDING ITALY, PARIS AND OF COURSE IN NEW YORK CITY AND

                    THEY CONTRIBUTE SO MUCH TO OUR CULTURE IN NEW YORK STATE.  AND

                    THROUGH MR. SHENG'S LEADERSHIP WE HAVE LEARNED SO MUCH ABOUT THE

                    CHINESE CULTURE, CHINESE MUSIC, THE CHINESE ART AND -- AND WE JUST

                    WANT TO CELEBRATE HIS LEADERSHIP FOR OUR COMMUNITY.  AND ONE PIECE OF

                    TRIVIA THAT I LEARNED EARLIER TODAY IS THAT WENZHOU IS ACTUALLY DUBBED

                    THE CITY OF CHESS SINCE 1995 THAT'S PRODUCED WORLD CHESS PLAYERS OVER

                    THE YEARS AND THAT'S SOMETHING THAT'S VERY INTERESTING AS WELL.

                                 SO WITH THAT, I ASK THE SPEAKER [SIC] TO -- TO WELCOME

                    THEM TO THE FLOOR AND SO WE CAN CONTINUE TO WORK WITH THEM IN THE

                    FUTURE.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON BEHALF OF MR.

                    KIM, THE SPEAKER AND ALL MEMBERS, WE WELCOME YOU, MR. SHENG, TO

                    THE ASSEMBLY CHAMBER AND DISTINGUISHED GUESTS.  WE EXTEND TO YOU

                    THE PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR.  THANK YOU FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP IN THE

                    COMMUNITY.  WE HOPE YOU ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS TODAY.  THANK YOU

                    ALL SO VERY MUCH FOR JOINING US.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 PAGE 8, RULES REPORT NO. 251, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08432, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 251, DAVILA.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 81 OF THE LAWS OF 1995,

                                          9



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    AMENDING THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW AND OTHER LAWS RELATING TO THE

                    ENFORCEMENT OF SUPPORT THOUGH THE SUSPENSION OF DRIVING PRIVILEGES, IN

                    RELATION TO THE EFFECTIVENESS THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS BILL [SIC] SHALL TAKE EFFECT

                    IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. WALSH TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 SO THIS IS AN EXTENDER FOR TWO YEARS GIVING DMV THE

                    ABILITY TO SUSPEND SOMEBODY'S DRIVER'S LICENSE IF THEY HAVE FAILED TO

                    MAKE CHILD SUPPORT PAYMENTS.  SO I'M GONNA SUPPORT THE EXTENDER, I

                    THINK IT'S NECESSARY.  BUT I'VE SPOKEN ON THIS FLOOR BEFORE AND HAD

                    WORKED TO DEVELOP LEGISLATION WHICH WILL ENSURE THAT, IN APPROPRIATE

                    CIRCUMSTANCES, A -- A SUPPORT MAGISTRATE COULD HAVE THE ABILITY TO GRANT

                    A CONDITIONAL DRIVER'S LICENSE, ALLOWING SOMEBODY WHO HAS A JOB BUT

                    NEEDS WHEELS IN ORDER GET TO WORK TO MAKE THE MONEY TO PAY BACK THE

                    CHILD SUPPORT THAT'S OWED.  I THINK THAT THAT'S REALLY SOMETHING THAT WE

                    SHOULD BE DOING IN ADDITION TO EXTENDING THIS.  FOR FOLKS WHO AREN'T

                    WORKING, OR DON'T CARE TO WORK, OR FOR WHATEVER REASON, WOULD NOT BE A

                    GOOD CANDIDATE TO GET A CONDITIONAL DRIVER'S LICENSE, I DO THINK THAT THE

                    SUSPENSION OF DRIVING PRIVILEGES CAN OFTEN SERVE AS A -- A HIGHLY

                                         10



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    EFFECTIVE MOTIVATOR TO GET CURRENT ON CHILD SUPPORT OBLIGATIONS.  SO I

                    THINK THAT THIS DOES NEED TO BE IN OUR LAW.  WE DO NEED TO ALLOW DMV

                    THE ABILITY TO -- TO RESTRICT OR SUSPEND DRIVING PRIVILEGES UNTIL THEY

                    COME CURRENT.  BUT I ALSO THINK THAT ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THINGS, WE

                    NEED A CARROT AND A STICK HERE AND I THINK THAT A CONDITIONAL DRIVER'S

                    LICENSE PROGRAM WOULD BE A GOOD ONE FOR US TO DO.

                                 SO STAY TUNED.  WE'LL SEE IF I CAN GET SOMETHING IN

                    NEXT YEAR FOR US ALL TO CONSIDER ON THAT.  BUT I'LL BE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE ON

                    THIS ONE.  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. WALSH IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULT.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 9, RULES REPORT NO. 274, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08069-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 274, BRAUNSTEIN.  AN ACT TO AMEND PART P OF CHAPTER 39 OF

                    THE LAWS OF 2019, AMENDING THE PUBLIC AUTHORITIES LAW RELATING TO THE

                    ACQUISITION AND DISPOSITION OF REAL PROPERTY, IN RELATION TO EXTENDING

                    THE EFFECTIVENESS THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                         11



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, IF YOU

                    COULD PLEASE CALL THE WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE TO THE SPEAKER'S

                    CONFERENCE ROOM.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WAYS AND MEANS TO

                    THE SPEAKER'S CONFERENCE ROOM.  WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE

                    MEMBERS TO THE SPEAKER'S CONFERENCE ROOM.

                                 PAGE 13, RULES REPORT NO. 372, THE CLERK READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00128-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 372, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, PAULIN, SAYEGH, EPSTEIN, HEVESI,

                    SHRESTHA, SIMON, JACKSON, ZACCARO, LUNSFORD, DAVILA, DE LOS SANTOS,

                    MAMDANI, RAGA, SHIMSKY, LASHER, TORRES, SIMONE, SOLAGES,

                    LEVENBERG, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, STECK, CLARK, ROZIC, KAY, P. CARROLL,

                    CUNNINGHAM, GALLAGHER, DINOWITZ, BURROUGHS, DAIS, REYES, HOOKS,

                    FORREST, RAMOS, KASSAY, WEPRIN.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE INSURANCE LAW,

                    IN RELATION TO REQUIRING COVERAGE OF CERTAIN ASTHMA INHALERS AT NO COST.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT JANUARY 1,

                    2027.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                                         12



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.

                                 AS A PROUD REPRESENTATIVE OF ASTORIA, PART OF WHAT'S

                    KNOWN AS "ASTHMA ALLEY", I KNOW ALL TOO WELL THE DEVASTATING TOLL

                    ASTHMA TAKES ON OUR FAMILIES, ESPECIALLY BROWN AND BLACK CHILDREN

                    LIVING IN THE SHADOW OF HIGHWAYS, POWER PLANT [SIC] AND POLLUTION.

                    TOO MANY PARENTS IN MY DISTRICT AND ACROSS THE STATE HAVE RUSHED TO

                    THE ER IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT CLUTCHING THEIR CHILD'S INHALER

                    PRAYING THAT IT'S ENOUGH.  TOO MANY NEW YORKERS HAVE HAD TO CHOOSE

                    BETWEEN THEIR HEALTH AND THEIR PAYCHECK, OR BETWEEN BREATHING EASIER,

                    OR NAVIGATING A COMPLICATED HEALTHCARE SYSTEM THAT OFTEN PUTS UP MORE

                    BARRIERS THAN BRIDGES.  THIS IS MORE THAN A BILL, THIS IS A LIFELINE.  IT

                    TEARS DOWN SOME OF THOSE BARRIERS, MAKING IT EASIER FOR PATIENTS TO

                    ACCESS THE MEDICATIONS THEY NEED WHEN IT'S -- WHEN THEY NEED THEM

                    WITHOUT HUGE FINANCIAL BARRIERS.  THIS BILL MOVES US CLOSER TO HEALTH

                    JUSTICE AND SAYS THAT EVERY NEW YORKER, REGARDLESS OF ZIP CODE, RACE OR

                    INCOME DESERVES THE BASIC RIGHT TO BREATHE.

                                 SO I WANT TO THANK OUR SPEAKER AND THEN MY

                    COLLEAGUE IN THE SENATE FOR ADVANCING THIS BILL AND I'M VERY PROUD TO

                    VOTE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.  THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MRS.

                    GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                         13



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULT.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, THANK

                    YOU SO MUCH FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO INTERRUPT OUR PROCEEDINGS FOR THE

                    PURPOSES OF AN INTRODUCTION ON BEHALF OF OUR COLLEAGUE, GARY PRETLOW,

                    AND THE MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY OF YONKERS, NEW YORK.  WE HAVE

                    WITH MS. WHEELCHAIR NEW YORK OF 2025.  HER NAME IS MS. LATAVIA

                    STURDIVANT.  SHE IS A LICENSED SPEECH PATHOLOGIST IN NEW YORK AND IN

                    THE STATE OF MAINE.  SHE'S AN ADJUNCT PROFESSOR AT LEHMAN COLLEGE IN

                    THE BRONX AND A LEAD ADVOCATE FOR THE -- FOR AN AMPUTEE COALITION.

                    THIS AMAZING YOUNG LADY AND THE -- FOR THE AMAZING WORK THAT SHE'S

                    DONE FOR PEOPLE ACROSS OUR STATE AS WELL AS IN THE STATE OF MAINE,

                    WOULD YOU PLEASE GIVE HER THE CORD -- WELCOME HER TO OUR HOUSE AND

                    GIVE HER THE CORDIALITIES OF OUR FLOOR.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON BEHALF OF MR.

                    PRETLOW, THE MEMBERS THAT REPRESENT YONKERS, THE SPEAKER AND ALL THE

                    MEMBERS, WE WELCOME MS. WHEELCHAIR NEW YORK 2025 TO OUR

                    ASSEMBLY CHAMBER AND EXTEND TO YOU ALL OF THE PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR.

                    CONGRATULATIONS TO YOU, WONDERFUL SUCCESSES.  WE THANK YOU SO VERY

                    MUCH FOR BEING HERE TODAY.  WE HOPE YOU ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS.

                    THANK YOU.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 PAGE 25, CALENDAR NO. 84, THE CLERK READ.

                                         14



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00893, CALENDAR NO.

                    84, ROSENTHAL, GLICK, LUNSFORD, JACOBSON, SHRESTHA, EPSTEIN, DAVILA,

                    REYES, KELLES, BORES, WEPRIN, RAGA, GONZÁLES-ROJAS, CLARK, RIVERA,

                    CUNNINGHAM, BRONSON, SANTABARBARA, SIMON, SEAWRIGHT, COLTON,

                    HEVESI, SHIMSKY, OTIS, LASHER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE INSURANCE LAW,

                    IN RELATION TO PROHIBITING CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS AS IT RELATES TO DOG BREED.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    ROSENTHAL, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 AN EXPLANATION HAS BEEN REQUESTED, MS. ROSENTHAL.

                                 WE'RE ON DEBATE, COLLEAGUES.  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 THIS BILL WOULD PROHIBIT AN INSURER FROM CANCELING,

                    REFUSING TO ISSUE OR RENEW, INCREASING THE PREMIUM OF A RENTER'S

                    INSURANCE POLICY OR EXCLUDING, LIMITING, RESTRICTING OR REDUCING

                    COVERAGE BASED SOLELY UPON A POLICYHOLDER'S HARBORING OR OWNING ANY

                    DOG OF A SPECIFIC BREED OR MIXTURE OF BREEDS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. BLANKENBUSH.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM CHAIR --

                    SPONSOR.  WILL THE SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  BACK IN 2021 OR 2022, WE

                                         15



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PASSED A SIMILAR BILL, CORRECT?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  CORRECT, WE PASSED IT FOR

                    HOMEOWNERS.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE

                    BETWEEN THIS BILL AND THE BILL THAT WE PASSED IN 2022?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THIS BILL ADDS RENTERS TO THE LAW

                    THAT COVERS HOMEOWNERS.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  SO A HOMEOWNER -- A

                    RENTER'S POLICY IS AN HO4.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IS WHAT?

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  A RENTER'S POLICY IS AN HO4.

                    OKAY?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU'RE USING TECHNICAL TERMS I

                    DON'T KNOW.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, AN HO4 IS A RENTER'S

                    INSURANCE POLICY --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  -- AND HO MEANS

                    HOMEOWNERS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO I -- I GUESS THE POINT IS

                    THAT A RENTER'S INSURANCE POLICY IS UNDER THE UMBRELLA OF HOMEOWNERS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OH, I SEE.  OKAY.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO MY POINT IS, WHY ARE WE

                    PICKING OUT RENTERS, WHICH IS A HOMEOWNERS 4 POLICY, OUT OF THE

                                         16



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    UMBRELLA OF HOMEOWNERS?  I -- I DON'T UNDERSTAND WHY IT DOESN'T FALL IN

                    THAT CATEGORY THAT WE PASSED BACK IN 2021--

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  ONE.  YEAH, 2021.  IT COULD BE

                    INTERPRETED AS REFERRING TO RENTER'S INSURANCE AS WELL, BUT THE INTENTION

                    OF THE ORIGINAL LAW WAS ONLY TO PERTAIN TO HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE.  SO

                    WE JUST WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT RENTERS ARE COVERED SO IT EXPLICITLY

                    NAMES RENTER'S POLICIES.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO UNDER THE OLD LAW OR THE

                    LAW THAT'S THERE RIGHT NOW, WE HAVE HOMEOWNER -- WE HAVE HO1'S,

                    HO2'S, HO3'S, HO4'S, THE RENTER'S INSURANCE, AND IT GOES UP HO6,

                    HO7.  SO WHICH OF THE HOMEOWNERS POLICIES COVERS THAT -- WHICH --

                    WHICH DOESN'T COVER AND WHICH DOES COVER THE -- THE BILL THAT'S IN PLACE

                    RIGHT NOW?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THE LAW OR THIS BILL?

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SAY AGAIN?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THE LAW OR THIS BILL?

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  NO.  I -- I'M TALKING ABOUT

                    THE OLD -- THE BILL THAT'S IN PLACE RIGHT NOW.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THAT ONE, YEAH.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  IF HO4 IS NOT COVERED AND

                    WE HAD TO BRING IT OUT AS RENTER'S INSURANCE, ALL THE OTHER FORMS OF

                    HOMEOWNERS POLICIES:  HO1, HO2, HO3, HO6, HO7, YOU KNOW, IT

                    GOES TO HO10.  SO SOME OF THOSE ARE NOT COVERED, BUT SOME ARE

                    COVERED UNDER -- UNDER THE BILL -- UNDER THE CURRENT LAW?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, ONCE THIS BILL IS

                                         17



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PASSED INTO LAW, IT WILL MAKE IT EXPLICITLY CLEAR THAT HOMEOWNERS AND

                    RENTERS ARE COVERED.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO IS A -- IS A HOMEOWNERS

                    SEVEN COVERED UNDER THE CURRENT?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, YOU'RE IN THAT

                    BUSINESS.  I DON'T REFER TO THINGS BY --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, LET ME TELL YOU --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- NUMBERS LIKE THAT.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  WELL --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WHAT I EXPLAINED IS THIS BILL WILL

                    COVER RENTERS.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  BUT, WILL IT -- AN HO7

                    COVERS MANUFACTURERS, HOMES AND TRAILERS.  IS THAT COVERED?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IF IT'S RENTERS --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  UNDER THE CURRENT -- UNDER

                    THE CURRENT BILL.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  CURRENT LAW OR CURRENT BILL?

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THE CURRENT LAW.  THE ONE

                    THAT WE PASSED BACK IN 20...

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THAT COVERS HOMEOWNERS, JUST

                    SAYING.  IT DOES COVER HOMEOWNERS.  SO IF YOU OWN DIFFERENT TYPES OF

                    HOME [SIC], IT WOULD BE COVERED.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  AND -- AND THAT'S THE SAME --

                    THAT'S THE SAME AS HOMEOWNER SIX, WHICH IS CONDOS?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THE GOAL IS -- IF SOMEONE OWNS

                                         18



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    A CONDO, THEY'RE A HOMEOWNER.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, THEY CAN RENT CONDOS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, IF THEY'RE A RENTER, THEN

                    THEY WILL BE COVERED ONCE THIS BECOMES LAW.  THE GOAL IS TO BE AS

                    INCLUSIVE AS POSSIBLE.  SO TO CAPTURE WHETHER YOU'RE A HOMEOWNER,

                    WHATEVER TYPE OF HOME YOU HAVE, WHETHER YOU'RE A RENTER, WHETHER YOU

                    RENT IN A CONDO, YOU RENT IN AN APARTMENT THAT'S RENT-REGULATED OR NOT.

                    THE POINT OF THIS IS TO GIVE THE OPPORTUNITY FOR RENTERS TO OBTAIN

                    INSURANCE REGARDLESS OF THE "BREED OR TYPE OF DOG THEY HAVE."

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  AND -- AND I UNDERSTAND

                    THAT.  EXCEPT THAT MY -- MY POINT, I GUESS, THAT I'M GETTING TO IS THAT

                    UNDER THE UMBRELLA OF HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE IS AN HO4 WHICH COVERS

                    RENTERS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO I WOULD -- I WOULD'VE

                    ASSUMED THAT WHEN WE VOTED ON THIS BACK THEN, THAT IT WOULD ALSO

                    COVER ANYTHING THAT'S UNDER THE UMBRELLA OF HOMEOWNERS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO WHY DON'T WE PASS A

                    SECOND -- ANOTHER BILL JUST TO PICK OUT RENTERS?  IF THAT'S THE CASE,

                    SHOULDN'T WE PASS A BILL THAT WOULD BE UNDER THE OTHER BRANDS OF

                    HOMEOWNERS LIKE HO6, HO7, ALL OF THEM?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  AS I SAID BEFORE, THE DEFINITION

                    OF HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE THAT WE PASSED IN 2021 MIGHT BE OR MIGHT

                    NOT BE INTERPRETED AS INCLUDING RENTER'S INSURANCE POLICIES.  SO THE

                                         19



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ORIGINAL LAW INTENT WAS ONLY TO PERTAIN TO HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE.  SO

                    WITH THIS --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  SO --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WAIT, LET ME FINISH, PLEASE.

                    WITH THIS, WE ARE GOING TO GUARANTEE THAT THERE'S NO GRAY AREA AND THAT

                    RENTERS ARE COVERED BY THE SAME PROVISION.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO WOULDN'T IT HAVE BEEN THE

                    EASIEST PART OF THIS WHOLE THING IS TO AMEND THE ORIGINAL BILL -- THE

                    ORIGINAL LAW TO MAKE IT CLEAR IN WRITING THAT WE COVER BOTH?  WHY --

                    WHY ARE WE -- I GUESS THE POINT IS, WE'RE GOING THROUGH A WHOLE BILL

                    PROCESS WHEN, AS A MATTER OF FACT, ALL WE WOULD'VE HAD TO DONE [SIC] IS

                    AMEND THE ORIGINAL BILL TO PUT THE WORDING IN THERE FOR RENTING.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  BUT THAT'S WHAT THIS IS, IT'S

                    AMENDING THE ORIGINAL LAW.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  NO, THIS IS A BRAND-NEW LAW

                    WE'RE PUTTING ON THE BOOKS.  WE'RE NOT AMENDING THE OLD LAW.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, I -- I WAS NOT THE

                    SPONSOR OF THE ORIGINAL.  I, OF COURSE, SUPPORTED IT AND IT PASSED, IT

                    BECAME LAW.  MY CONCERN HERE WAS RENTERS AND THAT'S WHY I HAVE THIS

                    BILL AND YOU DON'T SEEM TO OBJECT TO IT COVERING RENTERS.  SO WE JUST

                    WANT TO MAKE SURE IT DOES SO THAT AN INSURANCE COMPANY MAY SAY, WAIT,

                    THIS JUST COVERS A HOMEOWNER.  SO WE WANT TO BE SURE IT'S AN EVEN

                    PLAYING FIELD FOR EVERYBODY WHO OCCUPIES A HOME, REGARDLESS OF A

                    "BREED OR TYPE OF DOG."

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  I -- I'M GONNA -- I'M

                                         20



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    GONNA GO ON TO OTHER THINGS NOW, BUT I JUST -- I -- MY POINT IS THAT

                    UNDER THE CURRENT INSURANCE LAW, HOMEOWNERS POLICIES ARE ALL LISTED AS

                    HO'S AND SHOULD HAVE BEEN -- THE BILL SHOULD'VE BEEN AMENDED IF YOU

                    WANTED THE WORDING A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.  CAN I JUST CLARIFY THAT WE

                    ARE AMENDING THE ORIGINAL LAW THAT SAYS HOMEOWNERS LIABILITY

                    INSURANCE DOGS [SIC].  SO WE'RE ADDING "AND RENTERS INSURANCE".  SO WE

                    ARE AMENDING THE ORIGINAL, ADDING "RENTERS" FOR CLARITY.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  BUT AGAIN, THIS IS A NEW BILL.

                    THIS IS AN AMENDMENT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT'S A NEW BILL, BUT IT AMENDS A

                    LAW.  IT AMENDS THE 2021 LAW.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  LET'S GO ON TO --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  I MEAN, THAT'S HOW YOU PASS

                    LAWS.  YOU MAKE AMENDMENTS AND CALL THEM A BILL, AND THAT'S WHAT WE

                    DID.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  NOW, WOULD YOU

                    AGREE OR WOULD YOU NOT AGREE THAT THERE ARE CERTAIN BREEDS OF DOGS THAT

                    ARE MORE DANGEROUS THAN OTHERS?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THAT IS A MYTH.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THAT'S WHAT?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THAT IS A MYTH.  EVERYTHING

                    DEPENDS ON THE INDIVIDUAL DOG.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, HERE'S THE MYTH.

                    SIXTY-FOUR PERCENT OF THE DEATHS BY BITES OR ATTACKS BY ANIMALS, 64

                                         21



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PERCENT WERE PIT BULLS.  NOW, IS THAT A MYTH?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  PIT BULLS ARE NOT A BREED, PIT

                    BULLS ARE A COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT BREEDS.  PIT BULLS ARE NOT -- DO NOT

                    HAVE MORE PROCLIVITY TOWARD BITTING THAN A CHIHUAHUA OR A DACHSHUND.

                    IT DEPENDS ON THE DOG, IT DEPENDS ON THE DOG'S OWNER, IT DEPENDS ON

                    HOW THE DOG IS RAISED, IT DEPENDS ON IF THE OWNER BREED -- OWNER TRAINS

                    THEM TO BE FIGHTERS.  I CAN TELL YOU SO MANY STORIES OF PIT BULLS THAT ARE

                    COMPANION, GENTLE ANIMALS.  AND SO, YOU CAN'T REALLY CAPTURE A DOG BY

                    SAYING, WELL, THIS BREED DOES THAT.  AND THE TERM "PIT BULL" ISN'T ONE

                    SPECIFIC BREED OF DOG.  THEY'RE ALL DIFFERENT TYPES OF -- OF DOGS THAT THEY

                    TRY TO JAM INTO THAT CATEGORY.  THE AVMA, THE ASSOCIATION OF

                    VETERINARY MEDICINE [SIC], THEY SAY DEFINITIVELY THAT PIT BULLS ARE NOT

                    "DANGEROUS ANY MORE THAN ANY OTHER ANIMAL."  BECAUSE IT DEPENDS ON

                    THE PARTICULAR DOG.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, YOU'RE RIGHT.  THAT'S --

                    THAT'S FOR SURE, EXCEPT THERE'S STATISTICS THAT PROVE THAT THAT BREED OF DOG

                    OR WHATEVER YOU --  THE PIT BULL, IS -- IS ONE THAT IS A LITTLE BIT MORE

                    DANGEROUS THAN OTHER -- NOW, AND WHEN YOU'RE WRITING --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, NO, NO.  THE -- THE STATISTICS

                    --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  PARDON ME?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- SHOW THAT PIT BULL-IDENTIFIED

                    DOGS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DOG BITES IN THE U.S. BASED ON COLLECTED DATA

                    WHERE DOGS ARE MISIDENTIFIED AS PIT BULLS.  SO, THEREFORE, THE STATS LOOK

                    LIKE OH, MY GOODNESS, IT'S PITS -- PIT BULLS.  HOWEVER, EVEN

                                         22



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VETERINARIANS SAYS THAT VISUAL INSPECTION DOES NOT LEAD TO AN ACCURATE

                    CLASSIFICATION OF AN ANIMAL AND YOU CAN'T ASCERTAIN A DOG'S ACTUAL BREED

                    UNLESS YOU DO DNA TESTING.  YOU CAN'T DO IT BY VISION.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  DO YOU KNOW THAT A -- A PIT

                    BULL BITES DIFFERENTLY THAN ANY OTHER DOG?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  I THINK A DOG'S BITE HAS TO DO

                    WITH HOW THEY ARE CONSTITUTED.  SO DACHSHUND'S BITE, CHIHUAHUA'S BITE,

                    TERRIER'S BITE, ALL DOGS HAVE THAT CAPABILITY.  HOWEVER, IT DEPENDS ON

                    THE OWNER.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, FIRST OF ALL, A PIT BULL

                    DOESN'T BITE LIKE ANY OTHER NORMAL DOG.  THEIR --  THEIR -- THEIR JAWS

                    LOCK IN AND TEAR RATHER THAN JUST BITE.  SO IT'S -- IT'S A DIFFERENT -- IT'S

                    DIFFERENT WHEN THEY BITE A CHILD OR WHEN THEY BITE A NEIGHBOR, OR WHEN

                    THEY -- IT -- IT'S JUST A DIFFERENT BITE BECAUSE OF THE WAY THEY -- THEIR

                    JAWS LOCK IN AND THEN RIP, INSTEAD OF JUST BITING.  SO WHEN SOMEONE

                    WHO GETS BIT SEVERELY BY A PIT BULL, IS A LITTLE BIT DIFFERENT THAN A NORMAL

                    DOG THAT JUST NIPS OR BITES AT YOU.  THEY RIP AND TEAR.  SO THE DAMAGES

                    THAT COME OUT OF A -- OF A DOG BITE THAT'S A PIT BULL IS MORE SEVERE AND

                    THE -- THE AWARDS AND THE LIABILITY OF -- OF THE AWARDS THAT THEY HAVE TO

                    PAY OUT IS USUALLY HIGHER WITH PIT BULLS.  I'M ONLY PICKING ON PIT BULLS.

                    YOU CAN PICK ON OTHER -- OTHER DOGS, TOO.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, AS I SAID, PIT BULL IS NOT A

                    BREED.  SO MY QUESTION IS, ARE YOU TALKING --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, LET'S USE THE WORD PIT

                    BULL.

                                         23



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT PUREBRED

                    AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIERS, STAFFORDSHIRE BULL TERRIERS,

                    AMERICAN PIT BULL TERRIERS, AMERICAN BULLDOGS, A MIX OF THOSE BREEDS

                    OR OTHER DOGS WHO SHARE SIMILAR PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS?  WHAT ARE

                    YOU TALKING ABOUT?  NUMBER TWO, YOU ARE GOING TO, WELL, THEY'RE GOING

                    TO BITE AND I'VE ALREADY ASSERTED EARLIER THAT IT DEPENDS ON HOW THE

                    OWNER TRAINS THE DOG.  ANY DOG CAN BE TRAINED TO BITE AND ANY DOG --

                    THE ISSUE OF A DOG HAVING A LOCKING JAW ALSO IS A MYTH.  REGARDLESS OF

                    BREED, DOGS DON'T HAVE AN ANATOMICAL JAW STRUCTURE THAT ALLOWS FOR A

                    LOCKING MECHANISM.  I THINK WE'RE DEALING WITH A LOT OF MYTHS HERE

                    AND, YOU KNOW, PIT BULLS IN THE 80'S WERE USED TO FIGHT.  THEY WERE --

                    THEY WERE BRED TO FIGHT.  THOSE PARTICULAR COHORT OF DOGS.  THEY WERE

                    USED FOR FIGHTING IN A VERY CRUEL INDUSTRY OF DOG FIGHTING.  MANY YEARS

                    LATER, WE'VE DISPELLED THAT MYTH.  PIT BULLS, OR THAT BREED, OR THAT MIX,

                    HAVE GENTLE NATURES THAT IF THE OWNER WANTS TO NOT SPAY OR NEUTER, TREAT

                    THEM HORRIBLY, TRAIN THEM TO FIGHT --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, THAT'S IN ANY DOG.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- THEN YES, THEY CAN TRAIN THEM

                    TO FIGHT, AS ANY DOG.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WELL, THAT CAN BE SAID ABOUT

                    ANY ANIMAL.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THAT'S TRUE.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO I -- I GUESS --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THAT'S WHY --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH: -- I GUESS -- YOU'RE -- YOU'RE

                                         24



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    USING THE WORD "MYTH" --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  -- I'M USING STATISTICS THAT

                    THE COMPANIES HAVE PAID OUT.  IF THEY PAID OUT MILLIONS OF DOLLARS,

                    THEY'VE PAID OUT MILLIONS OF DOLLARS ON DOG BITES.  THAT'S A -- THAT'S NOT

                    A MYTH, THAT'S A PROVEN STATISTIC THAT CAN BE PROVEN.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  BUT IT'S BASED ON

                    MISCHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANIMAL THAT DID THE BITE.  IT'S NOT BASED ON

                    THE BREED.  IT'S BASED ON SOMEONE SAYING, OH YEAH, IT LOOKS LIKE A PIT

                    BULL, I THINK IT'S A PIT BULL.  THAT DOESN'T MEAN THAT IT ACTUALLY IS THAT

                    MIX OF BREEDS.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  SO LET'S GET OFF THE

                    PIT BULL.  SO YOUR BILL -- YOUR BILL WILL NOT ALLOW AN INSURANCE COMPANY

                    TO UNDERWRITE A PIECE OF RENTER'S INSURANCE BECAUSE OF THE BREED OF DOG,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, IT HAS TO BE -- THERE ARE

                    WAYS FOR AN INSURANCE COMPANY TO DENY COVERAGE.  SO FOR EXAMPLE --

                                 (BUZZER SOUNDS)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  GO AHEAD, MR.

                    BLANKENBUSH.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, NO.  I WAS TALKING BUT THE

                    BUZZER WENT OFF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  DO YOU WANT YOUR

                    SECOND --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THE SPONSOR -- THE SPONSOR

                                         25



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WAS SPEAKING.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  YES.  DO YOU WANT

                    YOUR SECOND 15 MINUTES?

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  I DO.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  OKAY.  GO AHEAD,

                    MS. ROSENTHAL.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  LET ME -- LET ME RECALL WHERE I

                    WAS AT.  OH, YES.  SO IF AN ANIMAL HAS BEEN DEEMED DANGEROUS, FOR

                    EXAMPLE.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  MM-HMM.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO IN PARTICULAR SECTION 3421 OF

                    THE INSURANCE LAW ALLOWS AN INSURER TO REFUSE TO ISSUE OR RENEW OR CAN

                    CANCEL AN INSURANCE POLICY OR INCREASE THE PREMIUM FOR SUCH POLICY

                    BASED UPON THE DESIGNATION OF A DOG AS A DANGEROUS DOG.  SO IN THOSE

                    CASES, THE INSURANCE COMPANY CAN SAY NO OR CANCEL OR CHARGE A MUCH

                    HIGHER PREMIUM.  THAT'S BASED ON UNDERWRITING AND ACTUARIAL

                    PRINCIPLES.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  BUT THAT'S NOT WHAT YOUR BILL

                    SAYS.  YOU'RE SAYING THAT'S INSURANCE LAW, BUT DOESN'T THE BILL --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  -- BUT DOESN'T THE BILL STOP

                    AN INSURANCE --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, THIS -- NO.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  EXCUSE ME, BUT, DOESN'T THE

                    BILL STOP AN INSURANCE COMPANY FROM RENEWING A POLICY?  YOU'RE

                                         26



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SAYING NO?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  I DISAGREE WITH THAT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  BECAUSE THERE ARE OTHER SECTIONS

                    OF LAW THAT DEAL WITH THIS ISSUE.  IF IT'S BASED ON A BREED, YOU CANNOT DO

                    IT.  HOWEVER, BASED ON THE INDIVIDUAL DOG, THERE MAY BE REASONS THAT

                    THE INSURANCE COMPANY HAS TO NOT COVER THEM.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  SO WHAT YOU'RE

                    SAYING THEN, TOO, IS LET'S SAY I'M UNDERWRITING -- I'M UNDERWRITING A

                    PIECE OF BUSINESS, BRAND NEW.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  RIGHT.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  AND I -- I HAVE A DOG.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  PICK A DOG, I DON'T CARE WHAT

                    -- SO YOU'RE SAYING THAT AN INSURANCE COMPANY HAS THE RIGHT, AT

                    UNDERWRITING, THAT THEY CAN TURN DOWN THAT PIECE OF BUSINESS BEC --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IF THE DOG IS DEEMED A

                    DANGEROUS DOG --

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  HOW WOULD THEY KNOW --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT'S NOT BASED ON THE BREED, IT'S

                    MY WHOLE POINT HERE.  IT'S NOT BASED ON A BREED.  IT'S BASED UPON THE

                    INDIVIDUAL.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO HOW WOULD THEY KNOW

                    IT'S A DANGEROUS DOG?  THAT'S MY QUESTION.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  I'M SORRY?  SO LET ME -- LET ME

                                         27



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    GIVE YOU MORE ON THE SECTION.  123 OF THE AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS

                    LAW PROVIDES THAT IF A PERSON WITNESSES AN ATTACK OR IS THREAT -- OR

                    THREATENED ATTACK BY A DOG, A JUDGE CAN DECLARE THE DOG TO BE

                    DANGEROUS AND FORCE THE OWNER TO TAKE CORRECTIVE ACTIONS SUCH AS

                    RESTRAINING THE DOG ON A LEASH, MUZZLING THE DOG WHEN IT'S IN PUBLIC, IN

                    CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES THE JUDGE COULD EVEN ORDER THAT THE DOG BE PUT

                    DOWN.  SO IT'S NOT OH, HERE'S A BREED.  YOU CAN DENY.  NO.  IT'S HERE'S A

                    DOG WHO'S BEEN DEEMED DANGEROUS.  YOU CAN DENY, YOU CAN CANCEL,

                    YOU CAN CHARGE A HIGHER PREMIUM.  THIS IS ALL BASED ON BREED.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO AFTER THAT JUDGE DECLARES

                    THAT DOG DANGEROUS, THAT'S AFTER THE FACT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, NO, NOT NECESSARILY.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  WHY WOULD A -- WHY WOULD

                    HE -- WHY WOULD SOMEONE JUDGE A DOG TO BE DANGEROUS IF THERE WASN'T

                    AN INCIDENT OR SOMETHING BEFORE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  BUT THAT DOESN'T MEAN THAT THE

                    JUDGE DIDN'T SAY, WELL, WHEN YOU TAKE THE DOG OUT, THEY HAVE TO WEAR A

                    MUZZLE.  SO THAT'S ALLOWED.  YOU CAN KEEP THE DOG AND THEY WEAR A

                    MUZZLE, OR THEY CAN CHARGE YOU A HIGHER PREMIUM.  THE INSURANCE

                    COMPANY CAN ADJUST THE RATES.  LET'S SAY IT SAYS, YES, THE DOG IS

                    DANGEROUS, HAS BEEN DEEMED DANGEROUS.  MAYBE IT WAS TEN YEARS AGO,

                    THE DOG IS NOW ELDERLY, IT WEARS A MUZZLE.  THE INSURANCE COMPANY CAN

                    FIGURE OUT, WELL, YOU KNOW, THE DOG SEEMS OKAY NOW, BUT WE WILL

                    CHARGE A HIGHER PREMIUM.  IT'S SORT OF LIKE WHEN YOU'RE IN A CAR

                    ACCIDENT, INSURANCE COMPANIES RAISE YOUR PREMIUM.  IT'S -- IT'S A VERY

                                         28



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ANALOGOUS SITUATION.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THE -- THE BIG DIFFERENCE

                    BETWEEN THAT ANALOGY IS THAT -- THE FACT IS THAT IF YOU'RE IN AN

                    AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT, YOU'RE IN AN AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT.  IF YOU HAVE A

                    DANGEROUS DOG IN YOUR HOUSE, IT'D BE --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  BUT THAT'S UP TO THE INSURANCE

                    COMPANY.  YOU KNOW, I'M NOT DECIDING FOR THEM.  I'M JUST SAYING YOU

                    CAN'T BASE IT ON A BREED.  YOU CAN BASE IT ON THE CHARACTERISTICS THAT ARE

                    SHOWN OF THAT DOG, IF THE DOG HAS BEEN DEEMED DANGEROUS, FOR

                    EXAMPLE.  YOU JUST CAN'T SAY, OH YOU HAVE A PIT BULL?  WE'RE NOT

                    INSURING YOU.  THEY'RE SAYING WHATEVER BREED YOU HAVE, IF IT'S

                    DANGEROUS, THEN THEY HAVE LEEWAY.  BUT THEY CAN'T BLANKET STATEMENT

                    SAY, WELL, THAT'S A PIT BULL, WE'RE NOT INSURING YOU.  THAT'S THE WHOLE

                    ESSENCE OF THIS.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  SO -- SO, THE UNDERWRITER,

                    FOR EXAMPLE, CAN'T USE STATISTICS ON A CERTAIN BREED OF DOG THAT COULD BE

                    MORE DANGEROUS THAN ANOTHER BREED OF DOG.  THAT'S WHAT YOU'RE SAYING.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WHAT I'M SAYING IS THAT STATISTICS

                    THAT HAVE EVOKED OH, IT'S PIT BULLS, ARE MISLEADING AND IF YOU ASK ALL THE

                    EXPERTS, THE HEAD VETERINARIANS, ALL OF THE ANIMALS -- ANIMAL WELFARE

                    GROUPS, THEY ALL AGREE THAT YOU CANNOT SAY A SPECIFIC BREED IS MORE

                    LIKELY TO DO ANYTHING THAN OTHER BREED.  AND WE -- YOU KNOW, WE

                    ALREADY DO THIS FOR HOMEOWNERS, SO, I THINK IT'S -- IT'S WORKED OUT.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  OKAY.  ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                         29



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THE POINT IS THAT I -- I USE

                    THE -- I USE THE ANALOGY OF A PIT BULL, BUT IT COULD BE ANY ANIMAL THAT HAS

                    HAD INSTANCES OF LIABILITY PAYMENTS.  OVER -- OVER THE YEARS, I THINK IT

                    WAS IN 2023, OVER A MILLION TWO DOLLARS [SIC] HAVE BEEN PAID OUT IN --

                    IN CLAIMS ON DOG BITES.  THE -- THE POINT IS, THAT WHEN THE INSURANCE

                    COMPANIES WRITE A PIECE OF BUSINESS, THEY HAVE TO TAKE A LOOK AT ALL THE

                    RISKS THAT ARE INVOLVED.  THE PROBLEM WITH, FOR EXAMPLE, HOW DO YOU --

                    HOW DO YOU RATE A POLICY WHEN YOU'RE NOT SUPPOSED TO TAKE INTO

                    CONSIDERATION THE BREED OF THE POL -- OF THE ANIMAL THAT COULD BE A

                    HIGHER RISK THAN ANOTHER BREED OF DOG?  THE OTHER THING, TOO, IS WITH ALL

                    -- THE MONEY THAT'S BEING PAID OUT IN CLAIMS EVERY YEAR BY INSURANCE

                    COMPANIES, HAVE TO COME BACK AT THE -- HAVE TO COME BACK AT THE OTHER

                    OWNERS OF INSURANCE POLICIES LIKE MYSELF.  I DON'T HAVE A DOG.  SO THE

                    BOTTOM LINE IS, I'M SUBSIDIZING THOSE WHO HAVE DOGS THAT HAVE HAD

                    MILLIONS OF DOLLARS IN CLAIMS.  SO WHEN YOU'RE PUTTING -- WHEN YOU'RE

                    PUTTING ALL THAT TOGETHER AND TAKE THE HAND -- YOU KNOW, YOU'RE

                    HANDCUFFING THE -- THE UNDERWRITERS.  THE WAY I READ THE BILL IS THAT

                    YOU -- YOU CAN'T RENEW -- OR NON-RENEW A POLICY (COUGH) EXCUSE ME,

                    YOU -- YOU WOULD HAVE TO GO BACK IN INSURANCE LAW, TO TRY FIND OUT THE

                    INSURANCE LAWS YOU HAVE TO GO TO AG AND MARKETS, TO -- TO RESEARCH TO

                    -- TO MAKE SURE THAT THE UNDERWRITER IS RENEWING OR NON-RENEWING A

                    POLICY BECAUSE OF -- OF THE CLAIMS THAT WERE PAID OUT IN -- IN THE LAST

                    YEARS.  SHE'S RIGHT, THE SPONSOR'S RIGHT.  IF YOU'RE IN AN AUTOMOBILE

                    ACCIDENT, THE INSURANCE COMPANIES CAN, ADJUST YOUR RATES AT RENEWAL

                    TIME.  IT'S THE SAME THING WITH DOG BITES, EXCEPT FOR THE FACT IS, WHETHER

                                         30



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    YOU LIKE IT OR NOT, WHETHER YOU CALL IT A BREED OR WHETHER YOU CALL IT A --

                    A NON-BREED OF AN ANIMAL, THERE ARE CERTAIN DOGS, HISTORICALLY PROVEN,

                    STATISTICALLY, BLACK AND WHITE ISSUES, THAT CERTAIN DOGS ARE MORE APT TO

                    ATTACK AND BITE THAN ANY OTHER BREED OR COMBINATION OF A BREED OF

                    ANIMAL, NO MATTER WHAT YOU WANT TO CALL IT AND PIT BULLS ARE ONE OF

                    THOSE.  I PICKED ON PIT BULLS JUST BECAUSE -- BECAUSE THE STAT -- THE

                    STATISTICS ARE THERE, THE PAYMENTS ARE GOING OUT THERE.

                                 NOW, IT'S TRUE THE SPONSOR SAID THAT, YOU KNOW, THAT ALL

                    PIT BULLS ARE NOT -- ARE NOT APT TO ATTACK AND BITE, THAT -- THAT'S

                    ABSOLUTELY TRUE.  BUT WHEN YOU LOOK AT THE STATISTICS, IT SHOWS YOU THAT

                    THERE ARE CERTAIN BREEDS OF ANIMALS, CERTAIN BREEDS OF DOGS, THAT -- THAT

                    DO.  AND IT'S NOT A MYTH, FACTS ARE FACTS.  AND SO, I -- I'M ENCOURAGING

                    PEOPLE NOT TO VOTE -- VOTE FOR THIS BILL.  AND THE OTHER THING, TOO, IS LIKE

                    I SAID BEFORE, WE'RE PUTTING OUT ANOTHER BILL.  WE'RE SITTING HERE, THE LAST

                    WEEK OF SESSION, PUTTING ANOTHER BILL OUT THAT SHOULD ABSOLUTELY HAVE

                    BEEN COVERED BY THE ORIGINAL BILL IN 2021 OR 2020, WHENEVER WE DID

                    THAT.  AND THE EASIEST PART OF DOING THAT, IF YOU WANTED TO ADD RENT -- IF

                    YOU WANTED TO MAKE IT CLEAR THAT YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT RENTER'S

                    INSURANCE, YOU COULD'VE AMENDED THE ORIGINAL BILL INSTEAD OF PUTTING

                    ANOTHER BILL OUT, US HERE VOTING ON ANOTHER BILL THE LAST WEEK IN SESSION

                    ABOUT SOMETHING THAT COULD'VE BEEN EASILY DONE AND SIMPLIFIED.

                                 SO THEREFORE, I --I WILL NOT BE IN SUPPORT OF THE -- OF

                    THIS BILL.  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. ARI BROWN.

                                         31



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL

                    THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR A COUPLE QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPONSOR.  YOU

                    AND I BOTH LIKE CATS AND I APPRECIATE THAT ABOUT OUR CONVERSATIONS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  I LIKE DOGS, TOO.  I HAVE CATS, YOU

                    HAVE CATS.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  RIGHT, I'M THE SAME WAY.  HOW

                    MANY DOGS HAVE YOU HAD, MADAM SPONSOR?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THIS HAS NO RELATION TO THIS.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  WELL, IT DOES.  MAY I ASK THAT

                    QUESTION?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, IT DOESN'T.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  I'VE HAD MANY DOGS,

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NOT GERMANE.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  I'VE HAD MANY DOGS FROM

                    GREYHOUNDS TO CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL AND ONE OF THE KEY

                    THINGS WHEN PURCHASING A DOG IS TEMPERAMENT OF BREED.  FOR EXAMPLE,

                    AS MANY OF OUR COLLEAGUES LIKE COLONEL LEMONDES WILL TELL YOU, YOU

                    CERTAINLY DON'T PUT A HERDING DOG AROUND KIDS BECAUSE THEY'LL HERD YOUR

                    KIDS IN A CERTAIN WAY AND YOU PROBABLY DON'T GET A POINTING TYPE OF DOG

                    ALSO BECAUSE THE TEMPERAMENT IS VERY DIFFERENT.  WHEREAS, THE CAVALIER

                                         32



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    NATURALLY IS BRED FOR ITS TEMPERAMENT OF BEING A CALM AND EASY DOG LIKE

                    MOST SPANIELS ARE.

                                 IS IT NOT TRUE, AS ASSEMBLYMAN BLANKENBUSH SAID, THAT

                    THE AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER AND THE AMERICAN PIT BULL TERRIER,

                    BRED WITH OTHER DOGS, ACCOUNT FOR AT LEAST 50 TO 60 PERCENT OF DOG BITES

                    ACCORDING TO EVERY STATISTIC KNOWN, WHETHER IT'S POLICE, HOSPITALIZATION,

                    YOU -- YOU CAN'T MISS IT.  IT'S UNDER EVERY --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, I THINK YOU'RE -- YOU'RE

                    CITING STATISTICS THAT DON'T EXIST, NUMBER ONE.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  JUST FROM THE POLICE DEPARTMENTS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NUMBER TWO, AS I'VE EXPLAINED,

                    IT'S NOT ABOUT THE BREED, IT'S ABOUT THE DOG.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPONSOR.  CAN

                    YOU CITE WHERE YOU'RE GETTING THAT INFORMATION?  I JUST WENT THROUGH

                    HUNDREDS OF POLICE REPORTS --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  POLICE AND HOSPITAL

                    IDENTIFICATIONS ARE VISUAL AND TOP VETERINARIANS SAY THAT IS NOT THE

                    FOOLPROOF OR RIGHT WAY TO IDENTIFY WHAT KIND OF DOG IT IS.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO IT'S LIKE, OH, THAT LOOKS LIKE A

                    PIT BULL, THAT DOESN'T MAKE IT A PIT BULL.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  I AGREE.  MADAM SPONSOR, I

                    WHOLEHEARTEDLY --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  LET ME -- LET ME -- LET ME JUST

                    FINISH MY ANSWER.  ACCORDING TO THE AMERICAN VETERINARIAN MEDICAL

                                         33



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ASSOCIATION [SIC], CONTROLLED STUDIES HAVE NOT IDENTIFIED PIT BULL TYPE

                    DOGS AS DISPROPORTIONATELY DANGEROUS THAN OTHER DOG BREEDS.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  OKAY.  THANK YOU FOR THAT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU'RE WELCOME.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  IN ALL THE POLICE REPORTS, HAVE THEY

                    EVER CITED A MASS AMOUNT OF MIXED POODLE BREEDS LIKE WE'RE SEEING

                    TODAY INVOLVED IN DOG BITES?  WHY IS IT THEN THAT IT'S ALWAYS A TYPE OF

                    PIT BULL, STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER MIX THAT'S INVOLVED?  WHY WOULD THAT

                    BE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  FIRST OF ALL, ALL THE DOG BITES ARE

                    NOT REPORTED, NUMBER ONE.  NUMBER TWO, AS I'VE SAID, YOU CAN'T SAY THIS

                    IS A QUOTE "PIT BULL".  I'M GOING BACK TO THE ORIGINAL INTENT OF THIS BILL

                    WHICH IS, HOMEOWNERS CAN HAVE ANY TYPE OF QUOTE "BREED" AND THE

                    INSURANCE COMPANIES HAVE TO COVER IT UNLESS THERE ARE OTHER

                    CIRCUMSTANCES.  THIS EXPANDS THAT TO RENTERS AND DOES NOT ALLOW

                    DECISIONS ON ISSUING POLICIES BASED ON A TYPE OR BREED.  IT IS BASED ON

                    THE ANIMAL ITSELF.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPONSOR.

                                 ON THE BILL, PLEASE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THAT BILL.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  JUST LIKE AN INSURANCE COMPANY

                    GIVES SPECIFIC INSURANCE RATES FOR HOMES IN A FLOODPLAIN OR IN A CERTAIN

                    LOCATION BASED ON ROBBERY REPORTS OR ON TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION ON A

                    HOME IS BUILT, WHETHER IT'S TIMBER, OR CEMENT.  AND THE SAME THING GOES

                    WITH AUTOMOBILE POLICIES.  IT IS A FACT, THE AMERICAN KENNEL CLUB WILL

                                         34



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CLEARLY TELL YOU TEMPERAMENT OF BREED IS VERY IMPORTANT WHEN

                    CHOOSING AN ANIMAL.  AND SPECIFICALLY, THE AMERICAN KENNEL CLUB WILL

                    SPECIFICALLY TELL YOU, IN EVERY WHICH WAY, SHAPE AND FORM THE

                    AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER AND THE AMERICAN PIT BULL TERRIER,

                    WHEN, AS THE SPONSOR HAD SAID, WHEN BRED WITH OTHER DOGS OR AS A DOG

                    STANDALONE, IS INVOLVED WITH MOST DOG BITES TODAY.  NO ONE HAS EVER

                    SAID -- I'M SURE IT'S HAPPENED ONCE OR TWICE, BUT THE MAJORITY OF BITES

                    FROM POLICE REPORTS AND HOSPITALIZATIONS, BECAUSE OF THE LARGE TYPE OF

                    BITE CIRCUMFERENCE AND -- AND POUND PER SQUARE INCH OF THE BITE, MOST

                    DAMAGE CAUSED IS BY THOSE -- THAT SPECIFIC BREED.  AND FOR THAT REASON,

                    JUST LIKE I HAD MENTIONED, WITH A HOMEOWNER'S POLICY OR A CAR

                    INSURANCE POLICY, AN INSURANCE COMPANY SHOULD BE ABLE TO, YOU KNOW,

                    RELEGATE CERTAIN BREEDS TO NOT COVER UNDER CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES AND I

                    HOPE EVERYBODY WILL GIVE THAT SOME CONSIDERATION.  IT'S ALMOST

                    LAUGHABLE THAT WE'RE EVEN HAVING THIS CONVERSATION BUT I THANK YOU,

                    MADAM SPONSOR, FOR LISTENING.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                    WOULD THE SPONSOR PLEASE YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU.

                                         35



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 SO FIRST, THIS BILL -- IT'S NOT ONLY ABOUT PROHIBITING --

                    DENYING COVERAGE ON RENTER'S INSURANCE POLICY BASED ON DOG BREED.

                    THIS WOULD ALSO PREVENT INSURERS FROM INCREASING THE PREMIUM BASED

                    ON DOG BREED?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO.  IT SAYS THEY ARE ALLOWED TO

                    INCREASE THE PREMIUM SHOULD THE DOG BE FOUND TO BE DANGEROUS, THEN

                    THEY CAN DO THAT.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  BUT -- RIGHT, SHOULD THE DOG

                    FOUND TO BE DANGEROUS, BUT BASED SOLELY ON BREED, THEY COULD NOT

                    INCREA -- THEY COULD NOT BE A HIGHER PREMIUM.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  CORRECT, THAT IS THE ESSENCE OF

                    THE BILL.  IT IS THE SAME LAW THAT EXTENDS TO HOMEOWNERS, YOU CAN'T DENY

                    BASED ON BREED.  THIS NOW APPLY -- WILL APPLY TO RENTERS AS WELL.

                    ALTHOUGH, YOUR COLLEAGUE SEEMS TO THINK IT ALREADY APPLIES TO RENTERS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  SO, YOU KNOW, I

                    UNDERSTAND YOU DON'T WANT TO DENY POLICIES BASED ON BREED, BUT MY

                    ISSUE HERE IS WITH NOT ALLOWING AN INSURANCE COMPANY TO PRICE IN AN

                    INCREASED RISK INTO THE PREMIUM ON A POLICY THAT THEY ARE WRITING.  SO

                    WE DON'T HAVE TO GET BACK INTO WHETHER OR NOT IT'S MORE LIKELY FOR ANY

                    BREED TO BITE MORE THAN THE OTHER, BUT WOULD YOU AGREE THAT SOME

                    BREEDS, IF THERE IS AN INCIDENT AND THERE IS AN ATTACK OR A BITE, COULD

                    CERTAINLY DO A LOT MORE DAMAGE TO A HUMAN OR ANOTHER ANIMAL THAN

                    OTHERS?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT DEPENDS ON THE ANIMAL.  THERE

                    ARE THE MOST GENTLE, LOVING, BIG DOGS AND THERE ARE THE MOST FEROCIOUS,

                                         36



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    YAPPY, LITTLE DOGS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  RIGHT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, IN -- MANY YEARS

                    AGO, THE CDC DID A STUDY, AND THIS WAS ACTUALLY DESCRIBED IN THE

                    NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INSURANCE COMMISSIONERS' BLOG.  THE POLICY

                    SAYING THAT PIT BULLS ARE DANGEROUS STEMS FROM A DECADES-OLD CDC

                    STUDY THAT LOOKED AT THE CORRELATION BETWEEN DOG BREED AND DOG BITES.

                    THE STUDY RESULTED IN A LIST OF BREEDS THAT WERE ALLEGED TO BE THE MOST

                    FREQUENT BREEDS INVOLVED IN BITES INCIDENTS.  THE CDC HAS LONG SINCE

                    ABANDONED THE FINDINGS AND, IN FACT, NOW STATES THERE IS ZERO EVIDENCE

                    THAT BANNING ENTIRE CLASSES OF DOG BREEDS MAKE A COMMUNITY SAFER,

                    CITING THE INACCURACY OF DOG BITE DATA AND THE DIFFICULTY IN IDENTIFYING

                    DOG BREEDS, ESPECIALLY MIXED DOG BREEDS.  SO IDENTIFYING A DOG JUST

                    BASED ON PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS LIKE VISUAL IDENTIFICATION, DOES NOT

                    LEAD TO A CORRECT CHARACTERIZATION OF THE DNA OF THAT DOG.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  RIGHT, BUT I'M NOT TALKING ABOUT

                    FREQUENCY OR LIKELIHOOD OF A BITE.  I AM TALKING ABOUT IF THERE IS --

                    HOWEVER UNLIKELY IT MAY BE, IF A CERTAIN TYPE OF DOG ATTACKS A PERSON,

                    THEY ARE GOING TO DO A LOT MORE DAMAGE.  IF I WAS GIVEN THE OPTION, YOU

                    TOLD ME YOU'RE GOING TO WALK OUT THERE AND GET ATTACKED BY A

                    CHIHUAHUA OR BY A GERMAN SHEPHERD, I'M GOING TO PICK THE CHIHUAHUA

                    AND I THINK MOST PEOPLE WOULD.  SO WHY SHOULDN'T AN INSURANCE

                    COMPANY BE -- BE ABLE TO PRICE IN THE FACT THAT IF THERE IS AN INCIDENT,

                    THE PIT BULL OR THE GERMAN SHEPHERD IS GOING TO DO MORE DAMAGE

                    WHICH IS GOING TO RESULT MORE -- LIKELY IN A MUCH HIGHER PAYOUT.  THEY

                                         37



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SHOULD BE ABLE TO PRICE THAT IN TO ACCOUNT FOR THAT LEVEL OF EXPOSURE AND

                    LIABILITY AND BY NOT DOING SO, EVERYONE ELSE'S PREMIUMS ARE GOING TO

                    INCREASE.  NO?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO.  YOU'RE ASSUMING THAT

                    BECAUSE A DOG IS CHARACTERIZED OR LOOKS LIKE A PIT BULL, THAT THEY WILL

                    THEN BE MORE LIKELY TO BITE.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  NO, NO, NO.  THAT'S NOT WHAT I

                    SAID.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  HOWEVER, THAT IS NOT TRUE AND

                    THEREFORE, INSURANCE COMPANIES CANNOT SAY, OH, IT'S THAT BREED.  THEY

                    WILL DO MORE DAMAGE, SO THEREFORE I NEED TO RAISE RATES ON THEM.  THIS

                    IS ABOUT THE INDIVIDUAL DOG, THEIR TEMPERAMENT, THE WAY THEY WERE

                    TRAINED, THEIR BEHAVIOR, THEIR PAST HISTORY.  IF THEY'RE DANGEROUS AND THE

                    INSURANCE COMPANY WANTS TO INSURE THEM, THEY CAN RAISE THE RATES.

                    THEY CAN USE HIGH RATES.  HOWEVER, YOU'RE -- YOU'RE BASING THIS ON A PIT

                    BULL TYPE IS MORE LIKELY TO BITE AND THAT IS INCORRECT.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  WELL, THAT'S A TOTAL

                    MISCHARACTERIZATION OF WHAT I SAID.  I DIDN'T SAY A PIT BULL IS MORE

                    LIKELY TO BITE.  I AM SAYING IF A PIT BULL OR A GERMAN SHEPHERD DOES

                    BITE, IS THAT NOT MORE LIKELY TO DO MORE SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE TO YOU THAN

                    A YORKIE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  BUT YOU'RE -- YOU'RE -- FIRST OF

                    ALL, THIS IS A LAW ALREADY FOR HOMEOWNERS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY, BUT WE'RE -- WE'RE

                    DISCUSSING A NEW BILL NOW.

                                         38



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THIS IS LAW FOR HOMEOWNERS.  IN

                    FACT, YOUR COLLEAGUE THINKS IT ALREADY EXTENDS TO RENTERS.  I'VE ALREADY

                    STATED YOU CAN'T BASE IT ON BREED.  YOU ARE TRYING TO PREDICT BEHAVIOR IN

                    SAYING, WELL, THIS DOG BREED WILL DO MORE SERIOUS DAMAGE, BUT WHO

                    SAYS THE DOG IS GOING TO BITE?  THAT'S THE MISNOMER.  THAT'S THE MYTH.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  THANK YOU.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL, PLEASE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT HOW

                    LIKELY IT IS FOR A DOG TO BITE SOMEONE.  OBVIOUSLY, ANYONE WHO HAS

                    OWNED A DOG KNOWS TEMPERAMENTS CAN VARY AMONG DIFFERENT BREEDS

                    WITHIN THE SAME BREED.  BUT WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT HERE -- WHAT I AM

                    TALKING ABOUT, WHICH HAS BEEN A LITTLE MISCHARACTERIZED, IS THE FACT THAT

                    IF YOU HAVE A GERMAN SHEPHERD OR A, YOU KNOW, GREAT DANE THAT HAS

                    AN INCIDENT AND ATTACKS A HUMAN BEING, THAT DOG IS GOING TO DO A LOT

                    MORE DAMAGE THAN IF A -- A -- A SHIH TZU ATTACKS SOMEONE.  INSURANCE

                    COMPANIES WHO ARE WRITING THESE RENTER'S POLICIES NEED TO HAVE THE

                    ABILITY TO PRICE IN THAT POTENTIAL LIABILITY INTO THE POLICY THAT THEY'RE

                    WRITING FOR THAT INDIVIDUAL, OTHERWISE THE COST FOR RENTER'S INSURANCE

                    POLICIES FOR OTHER DOG OWNERS WILL INCREASE AND POSSIBLY MAKE THEM

                    MORE UNAFFORDABLE.  OR, YOU GET TO A SITUATION WHERE COMPANIES WILL

                    STOP WRITING POLICIES IF THERE'S ANY DOG PRESENT ON THE PREMISES.  SO

                    THAT IS A -- WE'RE TAKING A WRONG STEP HERE, WE'RE JUST NOT

                    ACKNOWLEDGING REALITY AND EVERY TIME WE DO THAT, ESPECIALLY AS IT

                    PERTAINS TO INSURANCE POLICIES, THE COSTS ARE GOING TO GO UP FOR

                                         39



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    EVERYONE ELSE.

                                 SO THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  I WILL BE VOTING NO

                    AND I ENCOURAGE MY COLLEAGUES TO DO THE SAME.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. DINOWITZ.

                                 MR. DINOWITZ:  I THINK THERE ARE MANY PEOPLE HERE

                    WHO --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ARE YOU ON THE BILL,

                    SIR?

                                 MR. DINOWITZ:  I'M ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. DINOWITZ:  I THINK THERE ARE MANY PEOPLE HERE

                    WHO HAVE COMPLAINED THAT WE SHOULD LOOK AT INDIVIDUALS AND NOT AT

                    GROUPS.  WE SHOULD JUDGE PEOPLE AND I GUESS OTHERS, INDIVIDUALLY.  I

                    NEVER LIKED IT WHEN I WAS TOLD YEARS AGO, WHEN I WAS YOUNGER, THAT MY

                    INSURANCE RATES WOULD BE HIGHER THAN MY WIFE'S BECAUSE I WAS MALE.

                    SO GUESS WHOSE NAME THE CAR IS REGISTERED IN?  AND THERE ARE MANY

                    WOMEN WHO, WHEN THEY GET OLDER, PAY HIGHER HEALTH INSURANCE RATES

                    THAN MEN, SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY'RE A WOMAN.

                                 I DON'T HAVE A DOG.  MY DAUGHTER AND HER FAMILY HAD A

                    DOG AND THEY HAD A PIT BULL.  AND I MUST ADMIT, WHEN THEY FIRST GOT THE

                    DOG, I WAS A LITTLE NERVOUS ABOUT IT.  BUT ONCE WE MET THE DOG, THAT --

                    THAT DOG WAS THE MOST LOVABLE, GENTLE DOG.  IF SOMEBODY BROKE INTO

                    THEIR HOUSE, THAT DOG WOULD'VE JUST LICKED THEM AND WELCOMED THEM IN,

                    IT WOULD NOT HAVE DONE ANYTHING VIOLENT.  THE -- THE WHOLE POINT OF

                                         40



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THIS IS YOU CAN'T GENERALIZE AND MAKE ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT A WHOLE

                    GROUP; YOU SHOULD JUDGE PEOPLE OR DOGS, INDIVIDUALLY.  AND IF I COULD

                    LEARN TO LOVE A PIT BULL AND THAT PIT BULL WAS SO SWEET, I THINK ANYBODY

                    CAN.  SOME DOGS ARE NICE, SOME DOGS ARE NOT SO NICE.  I CAN'T IMAGINE

                    HOW IT COULD BE BASED UPON THE BREED, IT'S BASED UPON THE DOG.  IT'S

                    BASED UPON HOW THEY'RE TRAINED AND HOW THEY'RE RAISED AND ALL THAT.

                    AND SO, TO ME, ALLOWING AN INSURANCE COMPANY TO CHARGE, OR TO NOT

                    EVEN INSURE, BASED UPON THE BREED, IS EXACTLY THE TYPE OF THING THAT I

                    WOULD THINK MANY PEOPLE ACROSS THE AISLE WOULD OPPOSE BASED ON

                    MANY OF THE STATEMENTS THAT MANY YOU AND OTHERS HAVE MADE.  SO I

                    THINK THIS BILL MAKES A LOT OF SENSE AND I HOPE THAT WE ALL VOTE FOR IT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  I TRULY APPRECIATE THE METAPHOR,

                    BUT LIKE THE SPONSOR SAID, I -- I THINK THAT THIS PARTICULAR PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION SHOULD BE ACTUALLY ABOUT THE INDIVIDUAL.  AS MY COLLEAGUE,

                    MR. GANDOLFO SAID, I WOULD MUCH RATHER BE BITTEN, IF WE'RE TALKING

                    ABOUT DOGS, BY A CHIHUAHUA, THAN BY A TIBETAN MASTIFF.  AND I THINK

                    THE POINT THAT OUR SIDE OF THE AISLE IS TRYING TO MAKE, THAT FROM AN

                    INSURANCE CARRIER STANDPOINT, THE RISK AND THE DAMAGE ASSOCIATED WITH A

                    POTENTIAL BITE, NOT SAYING THAT ONE IS MORE LIKELY TO BITE, IF -- IF ALL

                    THINGS ARE EQUAL AND WE WERE BITTEN BY A CHIHUAHUA VERSUS BEING

                                         41



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BITTEN BY A TIBETAN MASTIFF, WHICH -- WHICH BITE IS GOING TO INFLICT

                    MORE DAMAGE AND COST AN INSURANCE CARRIER MORE TO COVER?  AND FROM

                    READING THE BILL HERE, IT DOES NOT LOOK LIKE THAT IS TAKING -- YOU'RE

                    ALLOWING INSURANCE CARRIERS TO TAKE THAT INTO ACCOUNT IN THE

                    UNDERWRITING.  SO THAT -- I THINK A LOT OF THE POINTS HAVE BEEN MISSED

                    HERE.  THE POINT IS, NOT NECESSARILY THE BREED, BUT WHAT HAPPENS IF THE

                    BREED DOES IN FACT BITE AND THE DAMAGE THAT IS -- IS CAUSED IN THAT

                    EFFECT.  SO THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 90TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I KNOW THAT THIS DEBATE WAS A LITTLE BIT ROUGH.  BUT --

                    BUT -- (LAUGHTER) I CAN'T EVEN SAY IT WITH A STRAIGHT FACE.  I KNOW, I

                    KNOW.  I CAN'T EVEN GET AWAY WITH A DAD JOKE.  BUT THE MINORITY

                    CONFERENCE WILL GENERALLY BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS -- THIS BILL AND --

                    BUT IF THERE ARE MEMBERS WHO WOULD LIKE TO SUPPORT IT, THEY COULD DO IT

                    RIGHT NOW AT THEIR SEATS.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. SOLAGES.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  THE MAJORITY CONFERENCE WILL BE

                                         42



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VOTING IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.  THOSE WHO WISH TO VOTE FOR THE NEGATIVE,

                    CAN DO SO AT THEIR DESK, OR GIVE A BARK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE).

                                 MR. BROWN TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. A. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPONSOR [SIC].

                                 I CAN'T BELIEVE I'M STANDING UP FOR THIS ONE, BUT EVERY

                    YEAR I GO TO THE WESTMINSTER DOG SHOW.  ONE OF MY FRIENDS IS THE

                    CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF THE AKC AND ONE OF THE BIG CRITERIA IS

                    TEMPERAMENT OF THE BREED.  IT'S LITERALLY JUDGED WORLDWIDE BUT I HEAR

                    THINGS LIKE, WELL, EVERY DOG IS DIFFERENT LIKE EVERY PERSON.  IT'S ACTUALLY

                    TOTALLY NOT AND WHATEVER FACTS WE HEARD WERE COMPLETELY MADE UP.

                    EVERY DOG IS VERY SPECIFIC AND I SAY THAT BECAUSE I DON'T WANT ANY

                    PARENT TO THINK THAT THEY CAN GET ANY DOG THAT THEY WANT WITH LITTLE KIDS.

                    I GOT SEVEN KIDS, I WAS VERY SPECIFIC WHAT TYPE OF DOG CAN ENTER THE

                    HOUSE BECAUSE OF THE TEMPERAMENT AS JUDGED EVERY YEAR AT EITHER AT THE

                    -- THE COLISEUM OR THE JAVITS CENTER.  AND THANK YOU FOR HEARING ME,

                    MADAM SPONSOR -- SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. BROWN IN THE

                    NEGATIVE.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE, THANK YOU,

                    MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 SADIE, THE PIT BULL, WAS AN 11-YEAR-OLD THAT ALERTED

                                         43



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HER OWNER AND THEIR DAUGHTER TO A GAS LEAK IN THEIR TUCKAHOE, NEW

                    YORK HOME.  WITHOUT THE PIT BULL, OR WHATEVER, SADIE, THEY WOULD'VE

                    PERISHED.  GOTTI, THE PIT BULL, INTERVENED WHEN A WOMAN WAS RANDOMLY

                    ATTACKED BY A PERSON IN HER BROOKLYN HOME.  ROCKO, THE PIT BULL,

                    ALERTED HIS OWNER IN BALDWINSVILLE, NEW YORK TO A FIRE.  THE OWNER

                    WAS ASLEEP WITH A CPAP MACHINE AND DIDN'T REALIZE THE DANGER UNTIL

                    ROCKO PERSISTENTLY BARKED AND WOKE THEM UP.

                                 YOU CANNOT CHARACTERIZE EVERY DOG BY A QUOTE

                    "BREED", IT DEPENDS ON THE INDIVIDUAL DOG.  THEY HAVE BEEN SHAMED

                    AND BLAMED ENOUGH.  PIT BULLS OR A MIXTURE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF AN --

                    OF BREEDS DO NOT EQUAL A DANGEROUS DOG.  IT DEPENDS ON HOW THE OWNER

                    TREATS THEM, IT DEPENDS ON THEIR BACKGROUND, IT DEPENDS ON HOW THEY

                    WERE RAISED AND HANDLED BY OWNERS WHO OFTEN ABUSE THEM.  THIS BILL

                    EXTENDS TO RENTERS THE SAME RIGHTS AS HOMEOWNERS TO GET INSURANCE

                    COVERAGE ON A DOG THAT THEY OWN, REGARDLESS OF HOW THEY ARE

                    CHARACTERIZED BY BREED.  AND I VOTE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. WALSH [SIC] IN

                    THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 SORRY.  MS. ROSENTHAL IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MR. NOVAKHOV TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. NOVAKHOV:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I JUST PULLED UP SOME STATISTICS.  SO ACCORDING TO THE

                    STATISTICS FREQUENTLY CITED IN STUDIES AND REPORTS FOR HIGH INVOLVEMENT

                    IN SEVERE AND FATAL BITE INCIDENTS; FOR EXAMPLE, DATA FROM 2005, 2017

                    INDICATES THAT PIT BULLS WERE LINKED TO 66 PERCENT OF FATAL DOG ATTACKS

                                         44



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    IN THE U.S.  AND FOR THIS REASON, I'M IN THE NEGATIVE.  THANK YOU,

                    MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. NOVAKHOV IN THE NEGATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MS. SOLAGES FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 WE ARE PAUSING THE INTRODUCTIONS -- OH, SORRY, PAUSING

                    THE PROCEEDINGS FOR AN INTRODUCTION.  AND IT'S REALLY MY HONOR TO

                    INTRODUCE THE PARENTS OF DETECTIVE WEN JIN LIU, MR. WEI TANG LIU AND

                    XIU YAN LI.  AS YOU KNOW, DETECTIVE LIU AND DETECTIVE RAMOS WERE

                    TRAGICALLY SHOT AND KILLED IN THE LINE OF DUTY IN 2014.  THE BROOKLYN

                    COMMUNITY AND ALL OF NEW YORK STATE CAME TOGETHER TO SUPPORT THE

                    LIU FAMILY AND WE THANK THEM FOR THEIR SACRIFICE, BECAUSE WE KNOW

                    OUR POLICE OFFICERS DO SO MUCH FOR US, ESPECIALLY THOSE WHO HAVE MADE

                    THE ULTIMATE SACRIFICE.  AND SO, HIS PARENTS ARE REALLY AN ICON OF HIS

                    COMMUNITY AND OUR COMMUNITY AND THEY HAVE SINCE NEVER STOPPED

                    VOLUNTEERING AND ADVOCATING FOR GOOD CAUSES ALL OVER THE CITY.  SO

                    THEY'RE HERE WITH A LARGER GROUP, WHICH THE MINORITY WILL DO THE

                    INTRODUCTION, BUT IF WE COULD EXTEND THE CORDIALITIES OF THE HOUSE TO

                    THESE FINE INDIVIDUALS, I WOULD REALLY APPRECIATE IT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON BEHALF OF MS.

                    SOLAGES, MR. COLTON, THE SPEAKER AND ALL MEMBERS, WE WELCOME YOU,

                                         45



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    OUR DISTINGUISHED GUESTS TO THE ASSEMBLY CHAMBER.  OFFER OUR

                    CONDOLENCES FOR YOUR LOSS AND EXTEND THE PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR TO YOU.

                    WE DO HOPE ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS TODAY.  THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH

                    FOR JOINING JOINING US.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 MS. WALSH FOR THE PURPOSE OF AN INTRODUCTION.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, FOR

                    ALLOWING ME TO INTERRUPT THESE PROCEEDING BRIEFLY FOR ANOTHER

                    INTRODUCTION.  THIS IS THE LARGER GROUP THAT WAS JUST REFERRED TO, IT IS THE

                    NYPD ASIAN JADE SOCIETY THAT HAS JOINED US HERE TODAY INCLUDING

                    PRESIDENT MELVIN ENG; THE FOUNDER OF ASIAN JADE, ROBERT LUM.  ALSO

                    WE'RE JOINED BY MARK KWON, JAMES ENG, IRENE CHIU, AGNES CHIN, XIU

                    YAN LI, WEI TANG LIU, SE CHAO AND THOMAS JOY.  NOW THE MISSION OF

                    THE ASIAN JADE SOCIETY, IT WAS FOUNDED IN 1980 BY TEN VISIONARY

                    ASIAN-AMERICAN NYPD OFFICERS.  THE ASIAN JADE SOCIETY WAS CREATED

                    TO PROMOTE CULTURAL DIVERSITY, INCLUSION AND SUPPORT FOR ASIAN

                    MEMBERS OF THE DEPARTMENT.  THESE FOUNDING MEMBERS RECOGNIZE THE

                    IMPORTANCE OF BUILDING A STRONGER CONNECTION BETWEEN THE NYPD AND

                    NEW YORK CITY'S DIVERSE ASIAN COMMUNITIES.  THEIR LEGACY CONTINUES

                    TO GUIDE THE SOCIETY AS THEY FOSTER UNDERSTANDING, RESPECT AND

                    COLLABORATION BETWEEN LAW ENFORCEMENT AND THE PUBLIC THEY SERVE.

                    WE'RE SO PLEASED THAT THEY'VE JOINED WITH US HERE TODAY.

                                 SO ON BEHALF OF ASSEMBLYMEMBERS CHANG, COLTON,

                    KASSAY AND LEE, MADAM SPEAKER, WOULD YOU PLEASE WELCOME THE

                    NYPD ASIAN JADE SOCIETY TO THE ASSEMBLY CHAMBER AND PLEASE

                                         46



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    AFFORD THEM ALL THE CORDIALITIES OF THE HOUSE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON BEHALF OF MS.

                    WALSH, MR. CHANG, ASSEMBLYMEMBERS COLTON, KASSAY AND LEE, WE

                    WELCOME OUR DISTINGUISHED GUESTS TO THE ASSEMBLY CHAMBER, THE

                    NYPD ASIAN JADE SOCIETY AND THANK YOU SO VERY MUCH FOR YOUR

                    CONTINUED SERVICE TO THE NEW YORK CITY COMMUNITY.  WE EXTEND THE

                    PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR TO YOU.  HOPE YOU ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS TODAY.

                    IT'S VERY IMPRESSIVE TO SEE ALL OF YOU LINED UP HERE THIS AFTERNOON.  IT'S

                    -- IT'S VERY HEARTWARMING.  WE HOPE THAT YOU REMAIN SAFE AND THANK

                    YOU VERY MUCH FOR JOINING US TODAY.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 MS. SOLAGES.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  MADAM SPEAKER, CAN YOU PLEASE

                    ADVANCE THE A-CALENDAR?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    SOLAGES, THE A-CALENDAR IS ADVANCED.

                                 ON CONSENT, PAGE 3, RULES REPORT NO. 544, THE CLERK

                    READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00065-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 544, HEVESI, LAVINE, DINOWITZ, SEAWRIGHT, PIROZZOLO.  AN

                    ACT TO AMEND THE SOCIAL SERVICES LAW, IN RELATION TO THE ESTABLISHMENT

                    OF A STATEWIDE SUPERVISED VISITATION INITIATIVE TO SUPPORT SAFE AND

                    STRUCTURED PARENTING TIME.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.

                                         47



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00203-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 545, CRUZ, DINOWITZ, SEAWRIGHT, HEVESI, KASSAY, KELLES,

                    COLTON, EPSTEIN, DAVILA, SANTABARBARA, HAWLEY, MEEKS, ZACCARO,

                    RAGA, SHIMSKY, PAULIN, KAY, HOOKS, CLARK, VALDEZ, JACOBSON,

                    JACKSON, DE LOS SANTOS, LEVENBERG, LASHER, TORRES, BRAUNSTEIN,

                    SIMON.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PUBLIC HEALTH LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    REQUIRING HOSPITALS TO DEVELOP A VIOLENCE PREVENTION PROGRAM.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. 00225-A, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 546, MAGNARELLI, HUNTER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PUBLIC AUTHORITIES

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO COMMUTER PASSES ON THE NEW YORK STATE THRUWAY

                    IN THE SYRACUSE AREA; AND PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF SUCH PROVISIONS

                    UPON EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00589, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 547, PAULIN, OTIS, SAYEGH, ALVAREZ.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 154

                    OF THE LAWS OF 1921 RELATION TO THE PORT AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK AND

                    NEW JERSEY, IN RELATION TO PORT AUTHORITY ORGANIZATION, APPEARANCE AND

                    NOTICE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    PAULIN, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                         48



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WOULD

                    YOU PLEASE WITHDRAW THE ROLL AND LAY THIS BILL ASIDE?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE ROLL IS

                    WITHDRAWN, THIS BILL IS LAID ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00659, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 548, ROSENTHAL, TAYLOR, SIMONE, LEVENBERG, BURDICK.  AN ACT TO

                    AMEND THE REAL PROPERTY TAX LAW, IN RELATION TO PROHIBITING LANDLORDS

                    FROM INCLUDING INCORRECT INFORMATION RELATING TO RENT DECONTROL IN

                    CERTAIN LEASES AND RENEWALS THEREOF AND REQUIRES THE STANDARDIZATION OF

                    CERTAIN NOTICES PERTAINING TO UNITS SUBJECT TO THE AFFORDABLE NEW YORK

                    HOUSING PROGRAM.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    ROSENTHAL, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 THIS BILL IS LAID ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A01422, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 549, CRUZ, DE LOS SANTOS, SIMONE, KELLES, SIMON, RAGA, TAYLOR,

                    SEAWRIGHT, LEVENBERG, OTIS, WALKER, DAVILA, GLICK, ZACCARO,

                    ZINERMAN, ROSENTHAL, K. BROWN, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, TAPIA.  AN ACT TO

                    AMEND THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIRING ACCURATE

                                         49



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    INTERPRETATION OF STATEMENTS MADE BY DEPONENTS WITH LIMITED ENGLISH

                    PROFICIENCY IN ACCUSATORY INSTRUMENTS AND SUPPORTING DISPOSITIONS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A01962-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 550, ANDERSON, SEAWRIGHT, CUNNINGHAM, WEPRIN, CRUZ,

                    DINOWITZ, EPSTEIN, SCHIAVONI, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, LAVINE, ROMERO,

                    O'PHARROW, GLICK, GRIFFIN, BURDICK, ROSENTHAL, LASHER, SIMON,

                    BURROUGHS, BICHOTTE HEREMELYN, HEVESI, COLTON, SHIMSKY, ZACCARO,

                    SOLAGES, JACKSON, WIEDER, ZINERMAN, TAPIA, TAYLOR, SIMONE,

                    CHANDLER-WATERMAN, KASSAY, LUNSFORD, DAIS, STECK, SAYEGH, ROZIC,

                    STERN, PAULIN, TORRES, ALVAREZ, RAMOS, GIBBS, P. CARROLL, BENEDETTO.

                    AN ACT TO AMEND THE PENAL LAW, IN RELATION TO ENACTING "FRANCESCO'S

                    LAW"; TO AMEND THE EXECUTIVE LAW, IN RELATION TO ANNUAL REPORTS BY

                    THE NEW YORK STATE OFFICE OF GUN VIOLENCE PREVENTION; AND PROVIDING

                    FOR THE REPEAL OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE PENAL LAW RELATING TO SAFELY

                    STORING RIFLES, SHOTGUNS AND FIREARMS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A01969-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 551, MAHER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE TAX LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    AUTHORIZING THE VILLAGE OF CHESTER TO IMPOSE A HOTEL AND MOTEL TAX;

                    AND PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF SUCH PROVISIONS UPON EXPIRATION

                    THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  HOME RULE

                                         50



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A01988-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 552, PAULIN, SAYEGH.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PUBLIC HEALTH

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO ESTABLISHING A CENTER FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

                    RELATING TO AGE-FRIENDLY HEALTH SYSTEMS; AND IN RELATION TO HOSPITAL

                    PERFORMANCE DATA.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULT.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A02193-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 553, MAGNARELLI, DE LOS SANTOS.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE

                                         51



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC LAW, IN RELATION TO MAKING TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS TO

                    THE ADJUDICATION OF CERTAIN TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS; AND TO REPEAL CERTAIN

                    PROVISIONS OF SUCH LAW RELATING THERETO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULT.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A02630-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 554, KELLES.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO THE PRIVACY AND CONFIDENTIALITY OF URINE TEST RESULTS

                    PERFORMED PURSUANT TO A JUDICIAL DIVERSION PROGRAM.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A02727-D, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 555, ANGELINO.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE HIGHWAY LAW, IN

                    RELATION TO DEDICATING A PORTION OF THE STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM TO

                    TROOPER JILL E. MATTICE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MR.

                    ANGELINO, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                         52



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULT.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A02728-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 556, BAILEY.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 373 OF THE LAWS OF

                    2019, AMENDING THE TAX LAW RELATING TO AUTHORIZING THE COUNTY OF

                    LIVINGSTON TO IMPOSE AN ADDITIONAL MORTGAGE RECORDING TAX, IN RELATION

                    TO EXTENDING THE EFFECTIVENESS THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    BAILEY, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.  HOME RULE MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A03058-A, RULES

                                         53



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    REPORT NO. 557, R. CARROLL, GALLAGHER, LEVENBERG, HYNDMAN, REYES,

                    ROSENTHAL.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE GENERAL BUSINESS LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    PROMOTING CONSUMER CHOICE BY REQUIRING MANUFACTURERS OF DIGITAL

                    ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT TO PROVIDE RETAIL SELLERS WITH A 1 THROUGH 10

                    REPAIR SCORE THAT WILL BE DISPLAYED TO CONSUMERS AT POINT OF SALE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A03318, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 558, DINOWITZ, COLTON, PAULIN, SEAWRIGHT, BURDICK.  AN ACT TO

                    AMEND THE GENERAL BUSINESS LAW, IN RELATION TO ARBITRATION

                    ORGANIZATIONS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A03536, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 559, SANTABARBARA, SCHIAVONI, REYES, DESTEFANO, GIGLIO,

                    LEVENBERG, SAYEGH, WALSH.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE GENERAL BUSINESS

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIRING NAVIGATION SYSTEMS UTILIZING GPS

                    TECHNOLOGY TO IDENTIFY THE HEIGHT OF ANY BRIDGE OR OVERPASS ALONG A

                    PROPOSED ROUTE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A03729, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 560, WILLIAMS, K. BROWN, BERGER, ALVAREZ, EICHENSTEIN,

                    BUTTENSCHON, COLTON, RAMOS, MCDONOUGH, PALMESANO, BRABENEC,

                    HAWLEY, GIGLIO, ANGELINO, LEMONDES, SLATER, DESTEFANO, NORBER,

                                         54



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BROOK-KRASNY, CHANG, NOVAKHOV, MIKULIN, SMULLEN, MANKTELOW,

                    DURSO, PHEFFER AMATO, RA, GRIFFIN.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE REAL PROPERTY

                    TAX LAW, IN RELATION TO ESTABLISHING A REAL PROPERTY TAX EXEMPTION FOR

                    THE SURVIVING SPOUSES OF POLICE OFFICERS KILLED IN THE LINE OF DUTY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    WILLIAMS, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT JANUARY 1ST.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MR. KEITH BROWN TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. K. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I JUST WANTED TO RISE A MINUTE JUST TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE,

                    AND I WANT TO THANK THE SPONSOR FOR BRINGING THIS FORWARD.  I ALSO

                    WOULD LIKE TO THANK SENATOR MONICA MARTINEZ FOR DOING IT DOWN THE

                    HALL.

                                 THIS BILL CAME TO US THROUGH THE IDEA OF IRENE TSAKOS,

                    WHO WAS THE WIDOW OF ANASTASIOS TSAKOS, WHO WAS THE NEW YORK

                    POLICE DEPARTMENT HIGHWAY PATROLMAN WHO WAS KILLED SEVERAL YEARS

                    AGO WHILE RESPONDING TO AN EMERGENCY SCENE ON THE SERVICE ROAD OF THE

                    EXPRESSWAY.  SHE LIVES IN MY DISTRICT WITH HER TWO YOUNG BOYS THAT

                    SHE'S RAISING AS A SINGLE MOTHER, AND WHEN I WENT TO SEE HER AFTER HIS

                    DEATH JUST TO CHECK ON HER SHE TOLD ME THIS IDEA FOR THIS BILL AND I

                                         55



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THOUGHT IT WAS A WONDERFUL IDEA.  AND I AM REALLY PROUD OF THIS HOUSE

                    TO BRING THIS BILL FORWARD AND TO PASS IT UNANIMOUSLY.

                                 THIS BILL WILL HELP THE SURVIVORS, THE WIDOWS AND THE

                    WIDOWERS OF POLICE OFFICERS WHO ARE KILLED IN THE LINE OF DUTY WHO

                    REPRESENT A VERY SMALL FRACTION OF POLICE OFFICERS WHO ARE KILLED.  BUT

                    THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS THAT IT'S THE LEAST WE CAN DO FOR THEIR

                    SACRIFICE FOR WHAT THEY DO DAY IN AND DAY OUT TO PROTECT OUR

                    COMMUNITIES.  EVERY DAY THEY GO OUT, THEY PUT THEIR LIVES ON THE LINE,

                    AND FOR THAT I AM ETERNALLY GRATEFUL.

                                 SO THIS IS FOR ANASTASIOS TSAKOS FOR HIS SACRIFICE AND

                    TO HELP HIS WIFE AND HIS TWO YOUNG CHILDREN HAVE A LITTLE EASIER TIME

                    WITHOUT THEIR FATHER IN THEIR LIVES.

                                 SO THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. KEITH BROWN IN

                    THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A03988-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 561, SHIMSKY.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO GRANTING SECURITY OFFICERS SERVING AT THE VILLAGE OF

                    ARDSLEY VILLAGE COURT PEACE OFFICER STATUS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                         56



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THIS BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A04179-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 562, STIRPE, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, GLICK, K. BROWN.  AN ACT TO

                    AMEND THE PUBLIC HEALTH LAW, IN RELATION TO INCLUDING DIGITAL HEALTH

                    CARE SERVICE PLATFORMS IN THE DEFINITION OF TEMPORARY HEALTH CARE

                    SERVICES AGENCY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MR.

                    STIRPE, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A05115, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 563, STERN.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PUBLIC HEALTH LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    HOME CARE WORKER WAGE PARITY.

                                         57



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A05315, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 564, REYES, SEAWRIGHT, SHIMSKY, MEEKS, MAMDANI, BURDICK,

                    SAYEGH, SHRESTHA, SANTABARBARA, HEVESI, TAPIA, STECK, JACOBSON.  AN

                    ACT TO AMEND THE WORKERS' COMPENSATION LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN A CLAIMANT'S ATTORNEY OR REPRESENTATIVE AND

                    AN INJURED EMPLOYEE'S TREATING PROVIDER OR A CLAIMANT'S MEDICAL

                    CONSULTANT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A05600-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 565, HUNTER, STERN, SEAWRIGHT, MAGNARELLI, SIMON,

                    ANDERSON, BURDICK, TAYLOR, JACKSON, WEPRIN, CLARK.  AN ACT TO AMEND

                    THE INSURANCE LAW, IN RELATION TO CERTAIN VOIDABLE TRANSFERS AFFECTING A

                    FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                         58



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ARE THERE

                    ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A05622, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 566, EACHUS, MCMAHON, STIRPE, REYES, LEVENBERG, SAYEGH.  AN

                    ACT TO AMEND THE EDUCATION LAW, IN RELATION TO THE LICENSURE OF A

                    PROFESSIONAL GEOLOGIST; AND TO REPEAL SUBDIVISION 2 OF SECTION 7206-B

                    OF THE EDUCATION LAW RELATING THERETO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ON A

                    MOTION BY MR. EACHUS, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE

                    SENATE BILL IS ADVANCED.  THIS BILL IS LAID ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A05906-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 567, BORES, SHIMSKY, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, SEAWRIGHT,

                    BURROUGHS, MCDONOUGH, O'PHARROW, KASSAY, STECK, SIMONE, REYES,

                    HEVESI, TAYLOR, ZINERMAN, RAMOS, LEVENBERG, COLTON, DESTEFANO,

                    JACOBSON.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE LABOR LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIRING

                    EMPLOYERS TO DISCLOSE INFORMATION ABOUT BENEFITS AND OTHER

                    COMPENSATION, INCLUDING BONUSES, STOCK OPTIONS, AND COMMISSIONS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE BILL IS

                    LAID ASIDE.

                                         59



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A05921-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 568, WOERNER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE RACING, PARI-MUTUEL

                    AND BREEDING LAW, IN RELATION TO THE CREATION OF THE JOCKEY HEALTH

                    INSURANCE RESERVE FUND.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  READ THE

                    LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE CLERK

                    WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A06484-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 569, WEPRIN, SEAWRIGHT, STECK, SHRESTHA, DAVILA,

                    JACOBSON.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE INSURANCE LAW, IN RELATION TO PHYSICAL

                    AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY SERVICES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  LAY THE BILL

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A06576-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 570 WAS PREVIOUSLY AMENDED AND IS HIGH.


                                 ASSEMBLY NO. A06578, RULES REPORT NO. 571, BORES,

                    CUNNINGHAM, KELLES, FORREST, CHANDLER-WATERMAN, TORRES.  AN ACT TO

                    AMEND THE GENERAL BUSINESS LAW, IN RELATION TO ESTABLISHING THE

                    ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TRAINING DATA TRANSPARENCY ACT.

                                         60



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE CLERK

                    -- READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE CLERK

                    WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. WALSH TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I -- I JUST WANTED TO RISE AND SAY THAT I REALLY DO

                    APPRECIATE THIS BILL AND REALLY FOCUSING ON THIS TOPIC AS -- AS A

                    LEGISLATIVE BODY.  YOU KNOW, WE'RE NOT KNOWN FOR BEING ESPECIALLY

                    NIMBLE AS -- AS A LEGISLATURE, AND I THINK A LOT OF LEGISLATURES JUST

                    AREN'T.  WE'RE NOT EXACTLY CUTTING-EDGE.  SOMETIMES BILLS DON'T GET DONE

                    IN A WAY THAT'S TIMELY OR THAT KEEPS UP WITH TECHNOLOGY.  AND HAVING

                    SPOKEN WITH THE SPONSOR JUST GENERALLY ABOUT THIS WHOLE AREA, I'M VERY

                    CONCERNED THAT WE HAVE ADVANCED SO QUICKLY IN REGARDS TO ARTIFICIAL

                    INTELLIGENCE THAT I DON'T KNOW THAT WE, AS THE LEGISLATURE, ARE GOING TO

                    REALLY BE ABLE TO KEEP UP.  BUT I THINK THAT THIS IS A GOOD STEP.  I'M GLAD

                    TO SEE THAT WE'RE TAKING A VOTE ON IT TODAY, AND HOPEFULLY WE CAN MOVE

                    FORWARD ON -- ON THIS AND HOPEFULLY TRY TO KEEP UP WITH THE

                    TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES THAT ARE COMING AT US VERY, VERY QUICKLY EVERY

                    DAY.

                                 SO I WILL BE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE AND I THANK YOU,

                    MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  MS. WALSH

                                         61



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A06800, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 572, HAWLEY.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 579 OF THE LAWS OF 2004,

                    AMENDING THE TAX LAW RELATING TO AUTHORIZING THE COUNTY OF GENESEE

                    TO IMPOSE A COUNTY RECORDING TAX ON OBLIGATION SECURED BY A MORTGAGE

                    ON REAL PROPERTY, IN RELATION TO THE EFFECTIVENESS THEREOF.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  AN

                    INTRODUCTION BY MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  AND AS

                    A MATTER OF FACT, THIS INTRODUCTION IS ON BEHALF OF MR. HAWLEY,

                    ASSEMBLYMEMBER HAWLEY.

                                 WE ARE JOINED TODAY BY THE FOURTH GRADE CLASS FROM

                    ELBA CENTRAL SCHOOL IN GENESEE COUNTY.  THERE ARE SOME PEOPLE WHO

                    ARE HERE SPECIFICALLY THAT I'D LIKE TO HOPEFULLY PRONOUNCE THEIR NAMES

                    CORRECTLY.  MRS. PIETRZYKOWSKI, I'M GONNA SAY.  I APOLOGIZE IF I MESSED

                    THAT UP; MOLLY ANDERSON, DALE KOTARSKI, JENNA BROWNE, MEGAN SMITH,

                    JESSICA CRAMER, LIZ CALANZO [SIC] SMITH AND KALIANN BELL.  SO THESE

                    KIDS ARE HERE TODAY TO SEE US IN ACTION TO SEE HOW THIS LEGISLATIVE

                    PROCESS WORKS.  AND THERE'S NO BETTER CIVICS LESSON THAN COMING TO

                    ALBANY IN THE BEGINNING OF JUNE, RIGHT?  WE'RE -- WE'RE PASSING SO

                    MANY BILLS AND DOING SO MUCH WORK.

                                         62



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 SO, MADAM SPEAKER, IF YOU COULD PLEASE WELCOME

                    THESE GREAT FOURTH GRADERS TO THE PEOPLE'S HOUSE AND -- AND AFFORD TO

                    THEM ALL THE CORDIALITIES OF THE HOUSE ON BEHALF OF MR. HAWLEY.  THANK

                    YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ON BEHALF

                    OF MR. HAWLEY, THE SPEAKER AND ALL THE MEMBERS, WE WELCOME YOU TO

                    THE CHAMBER, EXTEND YOUR [SIC] PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR, AND HOPE YOU

                    ENJOY OUR PROCEEDINGS AS WE ARE GLAD WHEN MANY YOUNG INDIVIDUALS

                    COME TO THE FLOOR AS WE SEE FUTURE LEADERS IN ALL OF YOU.  THANK YOU.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A06800, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 572, HAWLEY.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 579 OF THE LAWS OF 2004,

                    AMENDING THE TAX LAW RELATING TO AUTHORIZING THE COUNTY OF GENESEE

                    TO IMPOSE A COUNTY RECORDING TAX ON OBLIGATION SECURED BY A MORTGAGE

                    ON REAL PROPERTY, IN RELATION TO THE EFFECTIVENESS THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ON A

                    MOTION BY MR. HAWLEY, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE

                    SENATE BILL IS ADVANCED.  THE HOME RULE MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE CLERK

                    WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ARE THERE ANY OTHER

                                         63



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A06956-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 573, FITZPATRICK.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 7 OF THE LAWS

                    OF 1955, RELATING TO INCORPORATING THE HAUPPAUGE VOLUNTEER EXEMPT

                    FIREMEN'S BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION, AND PROVIDING FOR ITS POWERS AND

                    DUTIES, IN RELATION TO THE NAME OF SUCH ASSOCIATION AND THE USE OF

                    FOREIGN FIRE INSURANCE PREMIUM TAXES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A06997, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 574, GALLAHAN.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, IN

                    RELATION TO DESIGNATING UNIFORMED MARINE PATROL OFFICERS AS PEACE

                    OFFICERS IN THE COUNTY OF SENECA.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                         64



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07086, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 575, TORRES, SHIMSKY, COLTON.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PUBLIC

                    AUTHORITIES LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIRING THE NEW YORK STATE THRUWAY

                    AUTHORITY TO SUBMIT BIANNUAL REPORTS OF ALL FISCAL TRANSACTIONS, RECEIPTS

                    AND EXPENDITURES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    TORRES, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT JANUARY 1ST.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. TORRES TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. TORRES:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  I'M

                    REALLY EXCITED TO SEE THIS BILL BE VOTED ON BY THIS BODY.

                                 THE NEW YORK STATE THRUWAY IS A 570-MILE TOLL

                    ROADWAY SYSTEM THAT RUNS ACROSS THE STATE.  IT KEEPS NEW YORKERS

                    MOVING.  THIS BILL IS VITAL TO ME BECAUSE IT ADDRESSES FUNDAMENTAL

                                         65



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ISSUES OF FAIRNESS, OF TRANSPARENCY AND OF EQUITY WHEN IT COMES TO THE

                    THRUWAY.  WE'VE ENTRUSTED THE THRUWAY WITH IMMENSE POWER; 980

                    MILLION COLLECTED IN TOLLS JUST THIS PAST YEAR; VITAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND

                    ECONOMIC REACH ACROSS OUR STATE.  YET THE AUTHORITY HAS LONG OPERATED

                    WITHOUT SUFFICIENT TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY.  WE, AS A BODY,

                    HAVE BEEN UNABLE TO FULLY TRACK ITS FINANCIAL HEALTH TO UNDERSTAND ITS

                    SPENDING OR IDENTIFY BUSINESSES THAT ARE DOING WORK WITH THE THRUWAY.

                    SO THIS BILL DIRECTLY IMPACTS ACCOUNTABILITY AND EQUITY.

                                 THIS BILL ALSO HELPS TO ENABLE A LEVEL PLAYING FIELD FOR

                    OUR MINORITY- AND WOMEN-OWNED BUSINESSES.  IT TACKLES DIRECTLY THIS

                    ISSUE BY MANDATING REPORTING ON VENDOR CONTRACTING AND -- AND THOSE

                    PRACTICES.  SO IT -- IT ENFORCES AND ENABLES TRANSPARENCY SO THAT WE CAN

                    SEE WHETHER MWBES AND OTHER COMPANIES ARE PLAYING FAIR OR ARE -- ARE

                    BEING OFFERED SOME OF THE SAME OPPORTUNITIES WITH THE THRUWAY.

                                 SO I'M REALLY EXCITED TO SEE THIS BILL PASS.  WE AFFIRM

                    WITH THIS BILL A COLLECTIVE COMMITMENT TO A SYSTEM WHERE TRANSPARENCY,

                    FAIRNESS, AND ACCOUNTABILITY OPERATES IN OUR GOVERNMENT.

                                 THANK YOU VERY MUCH.  I VOTE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. TORRES IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MS. WALSH TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I'M GLAD THAT THIS BILL WAS BROUGHT FORWARD.  I WANTED

                    TO JUST MAKE IT ABSOLUTELY CLEAR TO ANYBODY THAT'S WATCHING THIS THAT IT

                    REQUIRES THE NEW YORK STATE THRUWAY AUTHORITY TO SUBMIT BIANNUAL

                                         66



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    REPORTS.  NOW, THAT ALWAYS CONFUSED ME BECAUSE DOES THAT MEAN EVERY

                    TWO YEARS OR DOES THAT MEAN EVERY SIX MONTHS?  AND THE ANSWER FOR

                    EVERYBODY IS IT'S EVERY SIX MONTHS.  THAT MEANS THAT THEY HAVE TO FILE

                    THEM TWICE AS OFTEN, AND I THINK THAT THAT'S EXACTLY WHAT WE NEED.  I

                    THINK THAT WE -- WE, AS THE SPONSOR INDICATED, ENTRUST THE THRUWAY

                    AUTHORITY WITH AN AWFUL LOT OF POWER, AND TO HAVE THEM COME IN ONCE

                    A YEAR DURING BUDGET HEARINGS AND GIVE REPORT IS NOT ADEQUATE.  AND I

                    THINK THAT IT'S -- THIS IS THE RIGHT THING FOR US TO DO.  AND I DON'T KNOW

                    THAT WE SHOULD REALLY BE STOPPING HERE, BUT I -- I WANT TO AT LEAST

                    SUPPORT THIS INITIATIVE BECAUSE I THINK THAT THEY SHOULD BE REPORTING.

                    THEY COLLECT A LOT OF MONEY.  AND WE ALL KNOW THAT THEY WEREN'T

                    SUPPOSED TO BE HAVING TOLLS ON THE ROADS FOREVER AND EVER AND EVER.  SO

                    I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT THAT WE KEEP GOOD EYES ON -- ON THEM.

                                 SO I SUPPORT THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION, AND I -- I CAN SEE

                    FROM THE BOARD THAT EVERYBODY ELSE DOES, TOO, AND I'M GLAD TO SEE IT.

                    SO I'LL BE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. WALSH IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07194-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 576, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, ALVAREZ, EPSTEIN, REYES, KELLES,

                    LEVENBERG, TAYLOR, BORES, JACOBSON.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE LABOR LAW,

                                         67



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    IN RELATION TO PROHIBITING STUDENT LOAN PAYMENT CREDIT HISTORY CHECKS IN

                    MAKING EMPLOYMENT DECISIONS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07222, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 577, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, LUNSFORD.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE

                    EXECUTIVE LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIREMENTS OF THE ANNUAL REPORT FROM

                    THE DIVISION OF MINORITY AND WOMEN'S BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. WALSH TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU ONCE AGAIN, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.

                                 SO, I JUST WANTED TO ADD MY VOICE TO THIS PARTICULAR

                    BILL.  I THINK THAT WE DID SOME LEGISLATION A LITTLE BIT EARLIER IN THIS

                    SESSION, A COUPLE OF REALLY GOOD BILLS, I THINK, TO TRY TO ADDRESS

                    PROBLEMS THAT WE'VE IDENTIFIED WITH THE MWBE CERTIFICATION --

                    CERTIFICATION AND RECERTIFICATION PROCESS THAT WE'VE BEEN HEARING ABOUT.

                    I THINK THAT THIS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IN THE MWBE ANNUAL REPORT

                    TRIES TO GET AT THE TIMELESSNESS AND COLLECT SOME DATA ABOUT THE

                    TIMELINESS OF CERTIFICATION AND RECERTIFICATION.  SO IF YOU'LL RECALL A BILL

                                         68



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THAT WAS PASSED UNANIMOUSLY, I THINK LAST WEEK -- IT'S ALL BLENDING

                    TOGETHER -- BUT LIKE LAST WEEK OR MAYBE THE WEEK BEFORE THAT, TRIED TO

                    SPEED UP THE RECERTIFICATION PROCESS SO THAT IF YOU'VE BEEN CERTIFIED

                    PREVIOUSLY IT WILL BE A REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTION THAT YOU WILL GET

                    RECERTIFIED UNLESS THERE'S SOME REASON WHY YOU SHOULDN'T BE.

                                 SO I THINK IT'LL BE INTERESTING TO TRACK THIS INFORMATION

                    AND SEE IF THAT, IN FACT, IS MOVING THINGS FORWARD A LITTLE BIT MORE

                    QUICKLY.  SO I THINK THAT ALTHOUGH I KNOW THAT SOMETIMES THERE'S SOME

                    PUSHBACK FROM THE SECOND FLOOR ABOUT DOING ADDITIONAL REPORTING OR

                    THE COST OR TIME INVOLVED IN DOING ADDITIONAL REPORTING, I THINK IN THIS

                    INSTANCE IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT THAT WE DO THIS.  BECAUSE THERE'S NO POINT

                    IN HAVING AN MWBE PROGRAM IF IT'S NOT WORKING WELL.  SO WE NEED TO

                    FIGURE OUT WHAT IS, WHAT IS NOT AND WHAT WE CAN DO ABOUT IT.

                                 SO I DO SUPPORT THIS AND THANK THE SPONSOR.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. WALSH IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MS. GIGLIO TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. GIGLIO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 AND I WOULD ALSO LIKE TO SAY THAT THIS IS A BILL THAT I

                    WOULD DEFINITELY SUPPORT.  THE MWBE PROGRAM, I'VE HAD SEVERAL

                    PEOPLE WITHIN MY DISTRICT AND ACTUALLY ALL THROUGHOUT THE STATE THAT

                    HAVE HAD PROBLEMS NOT ONLY GETTING CERTIFIED, BUT GETTING RECERTIFIED.

                    AND IT'S A REALLY IMPORTANT PROGRAM TO START NEW BUSINESSES, HELP BIG

                    CONTRACTORS THAT HAVE TO MEET THE STATE'S REQUIREMENT FOR PUBLIC WORKS

                    PROJECTS.

                                         69



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 SO IT'S A -- A GREAT ENDEAVOR.  I LOOK FORWARD TO SEEING

                    THE REPORTS; THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT HAVE APPLIED, THE NUMBER OF

                    PEOPLE THAT HAVE BEEN DENIED, THE RECERTIFICATION DENIALS, AND -- AND

                    REALLY WORK TOWARDS FIGURING OUT WHY THESE DENIALS ARE HAPPENING AND

                    TRYING TO HELP AND SUPPORT MWBES IN THEIR BUSINESSES.

                                 SO IT'S A PRO-BUSINESS BILL AND I WANT TO JUST SAY IT'S A

                    GREAT BILL AND I'M VOTING IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. GIGLIO IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07277-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 578, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, DE LOS SANTOS.  AN ACT TO AMEND

                    THE ELDER LAW, IN RELATION TO ESTABLISHING THE INTERAGENCY ELDER JUSTICE

                    TASK FORCE; AND PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF SUCH PROVISIONS UPON

                    EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                         70



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07341-C, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 579, PRETLOW.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE TAX LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    AUTHORIZING THE CITY OF MOUNT VERNON TO IMPOSE A HOTEL AND MOTEL

                    TAX; AND PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF SUCH PROVISIONS UPON EXPIRATION

                    THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  HOME RULE

                    MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07529, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 580, BURKE.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW, IN

                    RELATION TO GRANTING PEACE OFFICER STATUS TO CERTAIN ERIE COUNTY

                    EMPLOYEES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                         71



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07615-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 581, RIVERA, CONRAD.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PARKS,

                    RECREATION AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION LAW, IN RELATION TO DESIGNATING

                    THE SCAJAQUADA HERITAGE AREA.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MR.

                    RIVERA, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07651-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 582, CHLUDZINSKI.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 296 OF THE

                    LAWS OF 1992 INCORPORATING THE RESCUE VOLUNTEER AND EXEMPT

                    FIREMEN'S BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION INC., AND PROVIDING FOR ITS POWERS

                    AND DUTIES, IN RELATION TO THE PURPOSE OF SUCH CORPORATION AND THE USE

                    OF CERTAIN TAX MONIES RECEIVED.

                                         72



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MR. CHLUDZINSKI, THIS IS YOUR FIRST BILL.

                    CONGRATULATIONS.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A07960, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 583, MILLER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE TAX LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    AUTHORIZING AN OCCUPANCY TAX IN THE CITY OF ONEONTA; AND PROVIDING

                    FOR THE REPEAL OF SUCH PROVISIONS UPON THE EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  HOME RULE

                    MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                         73



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08227-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 584, LEVENBERG.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE VEHICLE AND TRAFFIC

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO ADJUDICATIONS AND OWNER LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF

                    TRAFFIC-CONTROL SIGNAL INDICATIONS IN THE CITY OF PEEKSKILL; TO AMEND THE

                    PUBLIC OFFICERS LAW, IN RELATION TO ACCESSING RECORDS; AND PROVIDING

                    FOR THE REPEAL OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS UPON EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 30TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 OOPS, HOME RULE MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 30TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08371-A, RULES

                                         74



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    REPORT NO. 585, KELLES.  AN ACT IN RELATION TO AUTHORIZING THE TOWN OF

                    ITHACA TO ALIENATE AND DISCONTINUE THE USE OF CERTAIN PARKLANDS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  HOME RULE

                    MESSAGE IS AT THE DESK.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08419, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 586, CONRAD, SCHIAVONI.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE AGRICULTURE AND

                    MARKETS LAW, IN RELATION TO RETAIL FOOD STORE, FOOD SERVICE

                    ESTABLISHMENT AND FOOD WAREHOUSE LICENSING.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 120TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                         75



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08459, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 587, SOLAGES, STECK.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE MENTAL HYGIENE LAW,

                    IN RELATION TO STATEWIDE OPIOID SETTLEMENT AGREEMENTS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    SOLAGES, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.  THIS BILL IS LAID ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08463-E, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 588, LEE, KIM TAYLOR, BURDICK, GLICK, LEVENBERG, COLTON,

                    DE LOS SANTOS, ZACCARO, SOLAGES, BUTTENSCHON, EPSTEIN, GONZÁLEZ-

                    ROJAS, REYES, BRAUNSTEIN, KASSAY, ROZIC, RIVERA, PAULIN, BORES,

                    BURROUGHS, WEPRIN, RAJKUMAR, ROMERO, HOOKS, JACKSON, SIMONE,

                    GRIFFIN, CHANG, RAGA.  AN ACT IN RELATION TO AUTHORIZING THE

                    COMMISSIONER OF EDUCATION TO CONDUCT A SURVEY REGARDING INSTRUCTION

                    ON ASIAN AMERICAN, NATIVE HAWAIIANS AND PACIFIC ISLANDER HISTORY

                    WITHIN THE STATE; TO AMEND THE EDUCATION LAW, IN RELATION TO

                    ESTABLISHING AN ASIAN AMERICAN, NATIVE HAWAIIANS AND PACIFIC

                    ISLANDER HISTORY ADVISORY COMMITTEE; AND PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF

                    SUCH PROVISIONS UPON THE EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08675, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 589 --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MR.

                    BRAUNSTEIN, RULES REPORT NO. 8 -- 589, BILL NO. A08675, THE

                                         76



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    AMENDMENTS ARE RECEIVED AND ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08676, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 590, LEE, HEVESI, CRUZ, ZACCARO, WEPRIN, R. CARROLL, LASHER, FALL,

                    BICHOTTE HERMELYN, DE LOS SANTOS, DAVILA, PHEFFER AMATO, BURKE,

                    BRAUNSTEIN, JACKSON, SEAWRIGHT, GLICK, TAPIA, BENEDETTO, DAIS,

                    BURDICK, ROZIC, WRIGHT, K. BROWN.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE GENERAL CITY

                    LAW, CHAPTER 772 OF THE LAWS OF 1966, RELATING TO ENABLING ANY CITY

                    HAVING A POPULATION OF ONE MILLION OR MORE TO RAISE TAX REVENUE, AND

                    THE ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, IN RELATION TO

                    AUTHORIZING CREDITS FOR RELOCATION AND EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE AND

                    MAKING AVAILABLE RELOCATION ASSISTANCE CREDITS PER EMPLOYEES; AND

                    PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS UPON EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THIS BILL IS LAID

                    ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08680-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 591, BURKE.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE GENERAL CITY LAW, IN

                    RELATION TO REQUIRING ADDITIONAL NOTICE PRIOR TO THE DISCONTINUANCE OF

                    DRINKING WATER FLUORIDATION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                         77



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08684, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 592, TAYLOR.  AN ACT TO AUTHORIZE JONATHAN MONTALVO TO BE PLACED

                    ON THE ELIGIBLE LIST FOR EMPLOYMENT AS A FULL-TIME UNIVERSITY POLICE

                    OFFICER FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK POLICE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MR.

                    TAYLOR, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08699-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 593, BICHOTTE HERMELYN, LASHER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE

                    EXECUTIVE LAW, IN RELATION TO CLARIFYING THE STANDARD FOR WHEN A

                    PRACTICE HAS A DISCRIMINATORY EFFECT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    BICHOTTE HERMELYN, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE

                    BILL IS ADVANCED.  THIS BILL IS LAID ASIDE.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08785, RULES REPORT

                                         78



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    NO. 594, SEPTIMO.  AN ACT TO AMEND CHAPTER 363 OF THE LAWS OF 2010,

                    AMENDING THE JUDICIARY LAW RELATING TO GRANTING THE CHIEF

                    ADMINISTRATOR OF THE COURTS THE AUTHORITY TO ALLOW REFEREES TO

                    DETERMINE APPLICATIONS FOR ORDERS OF PROTECTION DURING THE HOURS

                    FAMILY COURT IS IN SESSION, IN RELATION TO THE EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08795, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 595, WOERNER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE CONTROL

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO AN EXEMPTION FOR CERTAIN PROPERTY FROM THE

                    PROHIBITION OF ALCOHOL SALES WITHIN A CERTAIN DISTANCE OF A CHURCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                         79



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 12, RULES REPORT NO. 590, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08676, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 590, LEE, HEVESI, CRUZ, ZACCARO, WEPRIN, R. CARROLL, LASHER, FALL,

                    BICHOTTE HERMELYN, DE LOS SANTOS, DAVILA, PHEFFER AMATO, BURKE,

                    BRAUNSTEIN, JACKSON, SEAWRIGHT, GLICK, TAPIA, BENEDETTO, DAIS,

                    BURDICK, ROZIC, WRIGHT, K. BROWN.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE GENERAL CITY

                    LAW, CHAPTER 772 OF THE LAWS OF 1966, RELATING TO ENABLING ANY CITY

                    HAVING A POPULATION OF ONE MILLION OR MORE TO RAISE TAX REVENUE, AND

                    THE ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, IN RELATION TO

                    AUTHORIZING CREDITS FOR RELOCATION AND EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE AND

                    MAKING AVAILABLE RELOCATION ASSISTANCE CREDITS PER EMPLOYEES; AND

                    PROVIDING FOR THE REPEAL OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS UPON EXPIRATION THEREOF.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT JULY 1, 2025.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. LEE TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. LEE:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I AM THE PROUD STATE REPRESENTATIVE FOR LOWER

                    MANHATTAN, INCLUDING CHINATOWN, THE FINANCIAL DISTRICT AND THE LOWER

                    EAST SIDE; SOME OF THE MOST DYNAMIC AND HISTORIC NEIGHBORHOODS IN

                                         80



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THE STATE AND THE COUNTRY.  AND TODAY WE ARE TAKING ACTION TO HELP

                    SECURE THE ECONOMIC FUTURE OF NEW YORK CITY.

                                 LOWER MANHATTAN IS HOME TO THE FINANCIAL CAPITAL OF

                    THE WORLD, BUT IT'S ALSO A COMMUNITY OF FAMILY-OWNED BUSINESSES,

                    IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURS AND RESILIENT STOREFRONTS THAT HAVE ANCHORED

                    OUR STREETS FOR GENERATIONS.  THESE BUSINESSES ARE STILL RECOVERING FROM

                    THE IMPACT OF COVID, GRAPPLING WITH SKYROCKETING COSTS AND

                    NAVIGATING A RAPIDLY-CHANGING COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE MARKET.  THE

                    LOWER MANHATTAN RELOCATION AND EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM

                    HAS LONG BEEN A CRITICAL TOOL, HELPING BUSINESSES RELOCATE, EXPAND AND

                    REINVEST IN OUR COMMUNITIES.  AND NOW THROUGH THIS RENEWED AND

                    EXPANDED PROGRAM, WE ARE CREATING NEW INCENTIVES TO ATTRACT

                    BUSINESSES, FILL OFFICE VACANCIES, AND KEEP OUR COMMERCIAL CORRIDORS

                    ACTIVE AND VIBRANT.  BUT THIS IS ABOUT MORE THAN JUST OFFICE SPACE.  IT'S

                    ABOUT KEEPING NEW YORK COMPETITIVE, CREATING JOBS, STABILIZING THE

                    ECONOMY AND BUILDING A VIBRANT COMMUNITY.

                                 THANK YOU TO THE ADVOCATES, BUSINESSES AND

                    COMMUNITY MEMBERS WHO STOOD WITH US TO MAKE THIS POSSIBLE, AND

                    THANK YOU TO MY COLLEAGUES FOR HELPING ENSURE THAT LOWER MANHATTAN

                    REMAINS A PLACE WHERE BUSINESSES CAN THRIVE AND FAMILIES CAN BUILD A

                    FUTURE.

                                 I WILL BE VOTING IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. LEE IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                         81



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, WE ARE

                    GOING TO CONTINUE OUR FLOOR WORK THIS EARLY EVENING WITH CALENDAR NO.

                    65, BILLS ON DEBATE.  WE'RE GONNA START WITH RULES REPORT NO. 196 BY

                    MS. PAULIN, FOLLOWED BY RULES REPORT NO. 265 BY MR. CUNNINGHAM,

                    FOLLOWED BY 292 BY MR. RIVERA, FOLLOWED BY RULES REPORT NO. 415 BY

                    MS. ROSENTHAL, AND THEN WE'RE GONNA GO TO 423 BY MS. PHEFFER AMATO.

                    IN THAT ORDER, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 PAGE 7, RULES REPORT NO. 196, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  SENATE NO. S00123, RULES REPORT NO.

                    196, SENATOR CLEARE (A00268, PAULIN, MCDONOUGH, SEAWRIGHT,

                    DINOWITZ, WEPRIN, SIMON).  AN ACT TO AMEND THE GENERAL BUSINESS

                    LAW, IN RELATION TO PROHIBITING THE SALE OF INFANT WALKERS AND

                    RESTRICTING THE USE OF SUCH INFANT WALKERS IN CERTAIN SETTINGS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. PAULIN.

                                 MS. PAULIN:  YES.  THE BILL BANS THE SALE OF INFANT

                    WALKERS AND RESTRICTS THEIR USE IN CERTAIN SETTINGS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. GANDOLFO.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                    WOULD THE SPONSOR PLEASE YIELD FOR SOME QUESTIONS?

                                         82



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  ABSOLUTELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU.

                                 SO WE DEBATED THIS BILL LAST YEAR AS WELL.  HAVE THERE

                    HAVE BEEN -- BEEN ANY CHANGES IN THE BILL AT ALL OR IS IT THE SAME AS LAST

                    YEAR?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  ONLY IN THAT THE SENATE PASSED IT THIS

                    TIME.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  OKAY.

                                 NOW, WHAT IS THE REASON FOR BANNING THE SALE OF INFANT

                    WALKERS?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  THEY HAVE BEEN -- THEY HAVE BEEN

                    INDICATED BY THE PEDIATRICIANS AND IN SURVEYS THAT HAVE BEEN DONE WITH

                    EMERGENCY ROOM VISITS THAT YOUNG BABIES WHO USE THESE ARE INJURED

                    AND THEY -- THE PEDIATRICIANS, THE AMERICAN ACADEMY [SIC], HAS

                    INDICATED THAT THEY BELIEVE THEY SHOULD BE BANNED.  SO THAT'S WHY WE

                    HAVE THIS BILL.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  AND HOW -- WHAT ARE

                    THESE INJURIES?  HOW ARE THEY HAPPENING?  IS IT EQUIPMENT FAILURE?  IS

                    THE -- THE WALKER BREAKING DOWN?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  I THINK THAT FROM WHAT I'VE READ IT'S

                    VERY COMMON BECAUSE THE -- THE CHILD CAN WALK QUICKLY.  YOU KNOW,

                    THEY WHEEL.  AND THAT THEY -- THEY FALL DOWN STAIRS AND -- AND THEY'VE

                                         83



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BEEN INJURED MOSTLY BECAUSE OF THAT.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  SO, FALL INJURIES?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  YEAH.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  IS THAT SOMETHING IN TERMS

                    OF STAIRS THAT COULD BE SOLVED BY A BABY GATE?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  I GUESS IT CAN, BUT BECAUSE OF THEY'RE

                    SEEING MORE THAN 3,000 INJURIES A YEAR, THEY BELIEVE THAT THIS SHOULD BE

                    BANNED.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  AND 3,000 INJURIES PER

                    YEAR, IS THAT IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK OR IS THAT NATIONWIDE?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  THE -- THE LAST DATA THAT WE HAVE, YOU

                    KNOW, IT'S A LITTLE OLD, YOU KNOW, BECAUSE IT'S DONE AND THEN YOU SEE IT A

                    COUPLE OF YEARS LATER, IS FROM 2023.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.

                                 MS. PAULIN:  AND IN 2023 THE -- IT WAS, I THINK,

                    3,100 OR 3,200 INJURIES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY, SO NATIONWIDE.  ALL RIGHT.

                                 NOW, THE INFANT WALKERS THEMSELVES, I BELIEVE THERE'S

                    SAFETY FEATURES THAT ARE MANDATED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.  THOSE

                    INCLUDE A BRAKING FEATURE SO THAT YOU CAN'T -- WELL, NOT YOU BECAUSE

                    WE'RE NOT IN THE WALKERS -- BUT A CHILD CAN'T GET OVER A LEDGE THAT'S MORE

                    THAN ABOUT AN INCH OR TWO HIGH.  AND I BELIEVE THEY ALSO HAVE TO BE

                    WIDER THAN 36 INCHES TO PREVENT THEM FROM GOING THROUGH A STANDARD

                    DOORFRAME.  SO THOSE SAFETY FEATURES ARE NOT SUFFICIENT?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  NO.  AND, IN FACT, IT'S BELIEVED THAT

                                         84



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THEY DON'T EVEN HELP AND ASSIST A YOUNG CHILD LEARNING TO WALK.  SO THEY

                    SEEM TO SERVE NO PURPOSE AND CAUSE INJURIES IN THE PROCESS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  THANK YOU.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL, PLEASE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  MADAM SPEAKER, OF COURSE NO

                    ONE WANTS TO SEE CHILDREN, ESPECIALLY INFANTS, GETTING HURT.  HOWEVER,

                    INFANT WALKERS HAVE BEEN IN USE FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS.  THE RATE OF

                    INJURIES STEMMING FROM INFANT WALKERS HAS DECLINED SIGNIFICANTLY SINCE

                    THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ENACTED CERTAIN SAFETY STANDARDS ON THESE

                    DEVICES, AND I WOULDN'T AGREE WITH THE ASSESSMENT THAT THEY SERVE NO

                    PURPOSE.  A LOT OF PEOPLE IN HERE MIGHT HAVE USED THEM OR BEEN IN

                    THEM WHEN THEY WERE LITTLE.  BUT JUST SPEAKING FROM A PERSONAL

                    STANDPOINT, WHEN I'M UP HERE HANGING OUT WITH ALL OF YOU GUYS --

                    WHICH I LOVE DOING -- ESPECIALLY WHEN MY KIDS WERE LITTLE, MY WIFE

                    WAS AT HOME AND THE INFANT WALKER WAS A GODSEND FOR HER.  WHEN SHE

                    WAS TRYING TO GET HERSELF READY FOR WORK IN THE MORNING, SHE WAS ABLE

                    TO PUT OUR INFANT IN THE INFANT WALKER IN OUR DEN FROM WHICH HE WAS

                    UNABLE TO LEAVE THE ROOM.  BUT IF YOU DID NOT HAVE THAT INFANT WALKER

                    HE WOULD BE ABLE TO CRAWL RIGHT OUT RIGHT OVER THE STEP AND GET OUT OF

                    THERE.

                                 IF YOU LOOK AT STATISTICS THERE ARE PLENTY OF WAYS THAT

                    CHILDREN UNFORTUNATELY DO GET HURT.  INFANT WALKERS ARE NOT A TOP CAUSE.

                    IF YOU -- THE DATA THAT I'VE SEEN SAYS MORE CHILDREN JUST FALL DOWN THE

                    STAIRS, UNRELATED TO AN INFANT WALKER, EACH AND EVERY YEAR.  MORE

                                         85



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CHILDREN ARE INJURED FROM FALLING OFF OF FURNITURE, THINGS LIKE CHANGING

                    TABLES AND OTHER ELEVATED FURNITURE.  SO, UNFORTUNATELY, IN OUR DAILY LIFE

                    THERE'S A WAY THAT CHILDREN GET HURT.  IT HAPPENS.  WE TRY TO MITIGATE IT.

                    BUT I JUST FEEL THAT DOING THIS, PREVENTING ANYONE FROM USING AN INFANT

                    WALKER, TAKING AWAY A PARENT'S DISCRETION AND WHAT THEY THINK IS BEST

                    FOR THEIR FAMILY IS NOT THE RIGHT COURSE OF ACTION.

                                 SO I WILL BE VOTING NO ON THIS AND I ENCOURAGE MY

                    COLLEAGUES TO VOTE NO AS WELL.  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 90TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  THE MINORITY CONFERENCE WILL, GENERALLY SPEAKING, BE IN THE

                    NEGATIVE ON THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION.  BUT IF ANYBODY WISHES TO VOTE

                    AFFIRMATIVELY, NOW WOULD BE THE TIME TO DO SO AT YOUR SEATS.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  THE MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION; HOWEVER, THERE MAY BE A FEW OF US WHO WOULD DESIRE TO

                                         86



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BE AN EXCEPTION.  THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO DO SO AT THEIR SEATS.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MR. SEMPOLINSKI TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. SEMPOLINSKI:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I'M GONNA BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS.  AND I -- I

                    THINK ABOUT MY DAUGHTER WHO, DUE TO HER DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITY, A

                    LOT OF THINGS WERE SLOWER FOR HER.  AND ONE OF THE THINGS THAT SHE WAS

                    THE SLOWEST AT DEVELOPING WITH WAS WALKING.  IT TOOK HER A LONG TIME --

                    SHE NEVER REALLY LEARNED TO CRAWL, SHE SORT OF LEARNED TO SCOOT.  AND

                    EVENTUALLY THROUGH MUCH PERSISTENCE AND PHYSICAL THERAPY SHE, YOU

                    KNOW, SHE WALKS AND RUNS AROUND NOW.  BUT IT -- IT WAS VERY, VERY HARD

                    FOR HER.  AND SO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT SHE VERY MUCH ENJOYED AND

                    HELPED HER LEARN SORT OF THE BODY CONTROL AND GAIN PHYSICAL STRENGTH

                    WAS USING A WALKER.

                                 SO I THINK THIS IS SORT OF TOO BROAD ACROSS THE BOARD.

                    WE OBVIOUSLY WANT CHILDREN TO BE SAFE, BUT I WOULD ARGUE THERE IS A

                    VERY TANGIBLE, REAL REASON WHY YOU MIGHT WANT TO HAVE A CHILD IN A

                    WALKER.  SO I VOTE IN THE NEGATIVE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. SEMPOLINSKI IN

                    THE NEGATIVE.

                                 MR. DIPIETRO TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. DIPIETRO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                         87



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 JUST THAT I WOULD WISH THAT SOMETIMES THIS BODY

                    WOULD BE CONCERNED ABOUT THE BABIES WHEN THEY'RE IN THE WOMB AS

                    MUCH AS THEY'RE CONCERNED ABOUT THEM WHEN THEY GET OUTSIDE THE

                    WOMB.

                                 I'LL BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. DIPIETRO IN THE

                    NEGATIVE.

                                 MS. JACKSON TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. JACKSON:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I'VE HAD THE PRIVILEGE OF RAISING TWO KIDS OF MY OWN,

                    NEITHER OF WHICH HAD A WALKER.  KIDS CAN LEARN HOW TO WALK WITHOUT

                    ONE.  WE KNOW THAT THERE'S SAFETY ISSUES AND CONCERNS WITH IT.  I WOULD

                    SAY THAT WALKERS SHOULD NOT BE USED TO MONITOR OUR KIDS.  WE SHOULD

                    ACTUALLY BE SPENDING TIME WITH OUR CHILDREN AND RAISING THEM AND

                    HELPING THEM TAKE THEIR FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD STEPS.

                                 SO I'LL BE VOTING IN THE AFFIRMATIVE AND I SAY THANK YOU

                    TO THE SPONSOR FOR BRINGING THIS BILL FORWARD.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. JACKSON IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 8, RULES REPORT NO. 265, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A04502-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 265, CUNNINGHAM, JACKSON, DE LOS SANTOS, YEGER,

                                         88



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ANDERSON, SHIMSKY, MCDONOUGH.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE SOCIAL

                    SERVICES LAW, IN RELATION TO ACCESS TO EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES BY PUBLIC

                    ASSISTANCE RECIPIENTS WHO ARE SUBJECT TO WORK PARTICIPATION

                    REQUIREMENTS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 THIS BILL WOULD ALLOW PEOPLE WHO ARE USING

                    COURSEWORK AND USING COLLEGE TO RECEIVE PUBLIC ASSISTANCE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  ABSOLUTELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 SO A FEW QUESTIONS ABOUT HOW THIS ACTUALLY WORKS.

                    COULD YOU GIVE A BIGGER PICTURE VIEWPOINT FOR US ABOUT WHAT THE RULES

                    ARE CURRENTLY, BEFORE THIS BILL, SURROUNDING THE IDEA OF WORK

                    REQUIREMENTS AND PUBLIC ASSISTANCE FOR THESE 18- AND 19-YEAR-OLDS.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  ABSOLUTELY.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  WHAT THIS -- WHAT CURRENTLY

                    HAPPENS IS PEOPLE WITH TWO-YEAR DEGREES ARE ALLOWED TO USE

                    COURSEWORK TOWARDS THEIR PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS.  WHAT WE DO

                                         89



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    KNOW IS THAT PEOPLE WHO INTEND TO RECEIVE A BACHELOR'S DEGREE HAVE A

                    HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF EARNING THEIR WAGES.  SO WE WANT TO MAKE THAT

                    CAVEAT WHICH ALLOWS THEM TO NOT ONLY JUST FOR A TWO-YEAR DEGREE, BUT

                    ALSO FOR A FOUR-YEAR DEGREE, AS WELL AS THE COURSEWORK THEY DO WHILE

                    DOING THEIR DEGREE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  SO A QUESTION FOR YOU WAS I

                    SAW THAT IT ALSO TALKED ABOUT VOCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES, BECAUSE

                    WE KNOW THAT NOT --

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  ABSOLUTELY.

                                 MS. WALSH:  -- NOT EVERY YOUNG PERSON IS ON A

                    COLLEGE PATH, TWO-YEAR OR FOUR-YEAR.  MAYBE THEY MIGHT BE ON MORE OF

                    A VOCATIONAL PATH.  HOW DOES THAT LINE UP WITH THE REQUIREMENTS FOR

                    WORKING TO RECEIVE PUBLIC ASSISTANCE?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  WELL LET ME JUST SAY, OVER 35

                    STATES CURRENTLY, BOTH DEMOCRATS AND REPUBLICAN STATES, USE THIS

                    PHILOSOPHY.  WHY WE'RE MOVING IN THIS DIRECTION IS BECAUSE OBVIOUSLY

                    THE WORKFORCE HAS CHANGED QUITE A BIT.  THERE ARE GREEN-COLLAR JOBS,

                    THEY'RE JOBS THAT DIDN'T EXIST FIVE OR TEN YEARS AGO.  AND WE WANT TO

                    MAKE SURE THAT THE WORKFORCE IS READY AND AVAILABLE AND THEY'RE READY

                    TO WORK.  SO IF THAT MEANS VOCATIONAL TRAINING, WE WANNA MAKE SURE

                    THAT WE HAVE THE BEST AND BRIGHTEST WORKFORCE, WHETHER THEY DO BLUE-

                    COLLAR WORK OR WHITE-COLLAR WORK.

                                 MS. WALSH:  YEAH, AND I COMPLETELY AGREE WITH

                    THAT.  I THINK MOST OF US HERE WOULD.  I THINK -- RIGHT NOW, WHAT IS THE

                    NUMBER OF HOURS PER WEEK THAT IS FOR -- FOR THOSE 18- AND 19-YEAR-OLDS

                                         90



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THAT ARE REQUIRED TO SHOW THAT THEY'RE WORKING A CERTAIN NUMBER OF

                    HOURS PER WEEK?  HOW MANY HOURS DO THEY HAVE TO DO UNDER THE

                    EXISTING LAW?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  UNDER EXISTING LAW THERE'S A

                    MINIMUM OF 20 HOURS.

                                 MS. WALSH:  TWENTY HOURS.  OKAY.  AND SOME

                    OTHER -- SOME THINGS THAT COUNT, I THINK, BUT I WANT -- I WANT TO JUST

                    VERIFY, THAT COUNT TOWARDS THAT 20 HOURS A WEEK COULD BE JOB SEARCH,

                    JOB TRAINING, EDUCATION, AND OTHER ACTIVITIES THAT THE INDIVIDUAL -- THAT

                    WILL HELP INDIVIDUALS TO GAIN EMPLOYMENT; IS THAT ACCURATE?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THAT IS CORRECT.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  AND SO WHAT THIS BILL THEN DOES

                    IS IT SAYS THAT IF YOU ARE DOING HOMEWORK IN PURSUIT OF A FOUR-YEAR

                    DEGREE, THAT THAT ALSO WILL COUNT TOWARDS YOUR 20 HOURS A WEEK

                    REQUIREMENT; IS THAT CORRECT?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THAT IS CORRECT.  ABSOLUTELY.

                    I THINK WE ALL KNOW IN THIS CHAMBER THAT HOMEWORK IS A PART OF A

                    SUCCESSFUL ACADEMIC LIFE, AS WELL AS MANY OF US WHO DO RESEARCH IN OUR

                    BILLS SPEND TIME OUTSIDE OF THE CHAMBER WORKING ON THAT.  SO I BELIEVE

                    THAT DOES COUNT TOWARDS COURSEWORK.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.

                                 SO NOW COULD YOU TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT THE ISSUE OF

                    WHETHER THAT HOMEWORK HAS TO BE SUPERVISED OR IT COULD BE

                    UNSUPERVISED IN ORDER TO COUNT?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  IN THE BILL WE'VE GIVEN SOME

                                         91



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PROVISIONS TO ALLOW SUPERVISION WITH -- WITH AN OPT-IN FOR LOCAL

                    MUNICIPALITIES TO OPT -- IN THAT OPTION.  IT'S NOT REQUIRED IN THE BILL, BUT

                    IT DOES GIVE THE OPPORTUNITY FOR LOCALS TO OPT INTO THAT.

                                 MS. WALSH:  SO IF A LOCAL --

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  COLLEGE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  -- SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT HAD AN --

                    HAD AN ABILITY TO PROVIDE SUPERVISION OF HOMEWORK IN ORDER FOR IT TO

                    COUNT, THEY COULD OPT IN AND DO IT THAT WAY.  BUT THEY NEED TO HAVE THE

                    -- THE MANPOWER TO BE ABLE TO PROVIDE THAT SUPERVISION.  IS THAT -- IS

                    THAT TRUE?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  ABSOLUTELY.  OBVIOUSLY THERE

                    ARE A LOT OF TEACHER ASSISTANTS WHO ALSO CAN HELP SUPPORT THAT ON COLLEGE

                    CAMPUSES.  WE KNOW THAT A LOT OF KIDS WHO ARE IN THESE PROGRAMS ALSO

                    CAN GO TO A LIBRARY AND GET THEIR COURSEWORK SIGNED OFF ON AS WELL.  SO

                    THERE IS BUILT-IN MECHANISMS IN OUR COLLEGES, BUT WE DID LEAVE AN

                    OPT-IN FOR AN OPTIONAL OPT-IN.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  BUT -- AND -- AND JUST FOR

                    CLARIFICATION, IF THE LOCAL SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT OR DISTRICT DID NOT

                    OPT IN TO DOING IT THAT WAY, THEN WOULD UNSUPERVISED HOMEWORK TIME

                    COUNT FOR THESE 18- AND 19-YEAR-OLDS IN THEIR 20-HOUR-A-WEEK

                    REQUIREMENT?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  I THINK ONE OF THE BENEFITS

                    HERE IS THAT WE KNOW THAT EVERY STUDENT THAT TAKES COURSEWORK NEEDS TO

                    RECEIVE A C OR BETTER, MEANING THEY WOULD NEED TO HAVE COMPLETED

                    HOMEWORK AND COURSEWORK IN ORDER TO RECEIVE A MINIMUM OF C IN THAT

                                         92



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    COURSE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  BUT IN ANSWER TO MY QUESTION

                    AS FAR AS THE -- THE SUPER -- THE SUPERVISION REQUIREMENT, IT -- IT -- THE

                    HOMEWORK DOESN'T HAVE TO BE SUPERVISED IN ORDER TO COUNT TOWARDS THAT

                    20 HOURS, CORRECT?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  NO, IT DOESN'T HAVE TO BE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  ALL RIGHT.  AND SO DOES THE --

                    DOES THE -- THE YOUNG PERSON, THE 18- OR 19-YEAR-OLD RECIPIENT, DO THEY

                    SELF-CERTIFY HOW MANY HOURS OF HOMEWORK THAT THEY'RE DOING EACH

                    WEEK IN ORDER TO QUALIFY?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THEY WOULD SELF-CERTIFY IN

                    MOST CASES.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THEY'D SELF-CERTIFY.  OKAY.  ALL RIGHT.

                    AND -- JUST MAKING SURE IF I GOT ALL MY QUESTIONS ANSWERED.  OKAY.

                                 AND CAN -- COULD -- SO IS IT -- IS IT YOUR VISION IN

                    DEVELOPING THIS FRAMEWORK THAT IF YOU HAVE A 20-HOUR-PER-WEEK

                    REQUIREMENT, IS IT YOUR UNDERSTANDING THAT A PORTION OF THAT TIME WOULD

                    BE GOING TO CLASS AND WHATEVER, MAYBE ONLINE, MAYBE IN PERSON, AND

                    SOME OF IT WOULD BE HOMEWORK TIME AND THAT YOU'D PATCHWORK

                    TOGETHER AND COME UP WITH THE 20 HOURS?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  YEAH, MY VISION FOR THIS BILL

                    IS REALLY SIMPLE; IT'S TO MAKE SURE THAT YOUNG PEOPLE WHO WANT TO SCALE

                    UP, LEVEL UP TO GO TO SCHOOL AND PREPARE THEMSELVES FOR THE NEW

                    WORKFORCE CAN DO SO BY USING COLLEGE CREDITS, COLLEGE HOMEWORK AND

                    THE OTHER THINGS DESCRIBED PREVIOUSLY TO ALLOW THEM TO DO THAT.

                                         93



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  AND THEN ONCE THAT PERSON

                    TURNS 20, WHAT HAPPENS THEN IN TERMS OF THESE REQUIREMENTS?  DOES IT

                    ONLY -- DOES IT ONLY APPLY TO 18- AND 19-YEAR-OLDS?  SO IF THEY HAVE NOT

                    OBTAINED THEIR DEGREE BY 20, DO THEY HAVE TO JUST MEET WHATEVER OTHER

                    REQUIREMENTS THAT THERE ARE?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THE BENEFIT WOULDN'T STOP AT

                    20.

                                 MS. WALSH:  I'M SORRY, I COULDN'T HEAR YOU.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  NO WORRIES.  THE BENEFIT

                    WOULDN'T STOP AT 20.

                                 MS. WALSH:  IT'S A LITTLE LOUD UP THERE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  COLLEAGUES,

                    WE'RE ON DEBATE, PLEASE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  I APOLOGIZE.  I'M SORRY, I COULDN'T HEAR

                    YOU.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  NOT A PROBLEM.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  IT WOULD NOT STOP AT 20.  THEY

                    CAN CONTINUE UNTIL THEY COMPLETE THEIR COURSEWORK.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OH, OKAY.  THAT'S -- THAT'S INTERESTING.

                    OKAY.  SO -- SO HOW LONG COULD THAT GO FORWARD?  I MEAN, WHAT IF IT

                    TAKES YOU UNTIL 24 TO GET YOUR COLLEGE DEGREE?  CAN YOU JUST CONTINUE

                    TO JUST CARRY THIS FORWARD?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  CURRENTLY, YOUNG PEOPLE ARE

                    ALLOWED TO STAY ON THEIR PARENT'S HEALTH INSURANCE UNTIL 26.  SO THERE

                                         94



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ARE YOUNG PEOPLE WHO DO GO TO SCHOOL PART-TIME.  THERE ARE YOUNG

                    PEOPLE WHO ARE TRYING TO REEMERGE BACK INTO THE WORKFORCE AND MAY

                    BE OLDER THAN THAT AGE.  THEY MAY ENTER COLLEGE LATER.  SO YES, THIS

                    WOULD COUNT.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  OKAY.  AND THEN -- AND THEN

                    YOU MENTIONED THAT THERE WAS A GRADE REQUIREMENT OF A C OR BETTER,

                    WAS IT?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  A C OR BETTER.  WE'VE HAD A

                    FEW PRESENTS WITH A C GRADE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  YEAH.  NO, I -- I DEFINITELY HAVE KIDS, I

                    UNDERSTAND THAT A -- A C IS OKAY IN SOME -- FOR SOME COURSES FOR SURE.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THE MORE THEY STUDY I THINK

                    THEY'LL GET A'S.

                                 MS. WALSH:  YEAH, THAT'S RIGHT.  I HEAR YA.  OKAY.

                                 WELL, THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR ANSWERING MY

                    QUESTIONS.  I APPRECIATE IT.

                                 AND, MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MS. WALSH:  SO I THINK THAT, YOU KNOW, WHOEVER

                    YOU ARE IN THIS CHAMBER, WE ALL SHARE THE SIMILAR BELIEF AND THE DESIRE

                    THAT WE WANT TO PROMOTE SELF-SUFFICIENCY AND REDUCE DEPENDENCY ON

                    PUBLIC ASSISTANCE.  BUT WE ALSO NEED TO GIVE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR PEOPLE

                    TO RECEIVE THE KIND OF TRAINING THAT THEY NEED IN ORDER TO HOPEFULLY

                    BECOME NOT JUST GAINFULLY EMPLOYED, BUT, YOU KNOW, WELL-EMPLOYED TO

                    BE ABLE TO SUPPORT THEMSELVES.  SO I THINK WE ALL AGREE ON THAT.

                                         95



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 I THINK SOME MEMBERS MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY, THOUGH,

                    SUPPORTING THE BILL BECAUSE WE ALREADY DO QUITE A BIT TO SUPPORT 18-

                    AND 19-YEAR-OLDS WHO ARE IN AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM AND MAYBE FEEL

                    THAT GIVING A ONE-HOUR PER FOR ONE HOUR OF CREDIT FOR DOING -- WHAT

                    COULD BE UNSUPERVISED HOMEWORK THAT'S JUST BEING SELF-REPORTED, THAT IT

                    COULD LEAD TO -- IT'S JUST A LITTLE BIT TOO MUCH.  MAYBE IT JUST TAKES WHAT

                    IS A GOOD IDEA AND A GOOD AIM AND MISSION MAYBE JUST A LITTLE BIT TOO

                    FAR.  SO I -- I WOULD EXPECT THAT SOME OF OUR MEMBERS MAY FEEL THAT

                    WAY.

                                 I DO THANK THE SPONSOR FOR ANSWERING THE QUESTIONS

                    THAT I'VE HAD AND, MADAM SPEAKER, THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  MAJORITY

                    LEADER PEOPLES-STOKES ON THE BILL.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  I WOULD LIKE TO ASK THE

                    SPONSOR A QUESTION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  WILL THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  ABSOLUTELY.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU.

                                 CAN YOU TELL ME IF YOU KNOW OF ANY OTHER COUNTIES OR

                    CITIES OR EVEN STATES THAT IMPLEMENT SOME LEVEL OF TRAINING OPPORTUNITY

                    LIKE THIS IN ORDER TO DECREASE THEIR SOCIAL SERVICE ROLLS?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  THERE ARE ABOUT 34 STATES.

                    SHOULD I READ ALL 34?  I'LL START WITH FLORIDA, GEORGIA, INDIANA, ALASKA,

                                         96



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    MISSISSIPPI, MISSOURI, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ARIZONA, CALIFORNIA, HAWAII,

                    ILLINOIS.  THERE IS A VARIETY OF STATES ALL ACROSS THE STATE -- OR THE

                    COUNTRY FROM THE EAST TO THE WEST FROM THE SOUTH TO THE NORTH.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU.

                                 AND HAVE THERE HAVE BEEN ANY ANALYSIS OR DATA

                    COLLECTED ON THE SUCCESS OF THESE FOLKS BEING ABLE TO FREE WILL?  BEING

                    ABLE TO DO WHATEVER IT TAKES TO GET THROUGH THE CURRICULUM THAT THEY'VE

                    BEEN ASSIGNED.

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  ABSOLUTELY.  WE KNOW THAT

                    THESE PROGRAMS, WHEN YOUNG PEOPLE ARE ALLOWED TO FULLY THRIVE AND

                    FULLY IMPLEMENT (INDISCERNIBLE) THEMSELVES IN THEIR SCHOOLWORK, THEIR

                    GRADES ARE INCREASED AND THEIR OUTCOMES IN TERMS OF INCOME INCREASES

                    DRAMATICALLY.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  OKAY.  AND ARE WE

                    AWARE OF ANY ORGANIZATION -- ANY INSTITUTIONS WITHIN THE STATE OF NEW

                    YORK THAT MAY BE ABLE TO OFFER THESE TYPE OF OPPORTUNITIES TO TANF

                    RECIPIENTS?

                                 MR. CUNNINGHAM:  I MEAN, CLEARLY OUR SUNY

                    AND CUNY SYSTEM WOULD BE A -- A GOOD -- BETTER (INDISCERNIBLE) FOR

                    THAT CONVERSATION.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  OKAY.  THANK YOU.

                    THANK YOU, SIR.

                                 ON THE BILL, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  I -- I KNOW IT'S

                                         97



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SOMETIMES CHALLENGING FOR US TO EVEN CONCEIVE THE FACT THAT WE MIGHT

                    HAVE TO HELP SOMEBODY IN ORDER FOR THEM TO LIVE A BETTER LIFE AND DO

                    BETTER IN THEIR LIFE.  BUT SOMETIMES WE WILL HAVE TO HELP PEOPLE IN

                    ORDER FOR THEM TO BE ABLE TO DO THAT.

                                 AND I ALSO WANT TO SAY, YOU KNOW, WE ARE LIVING AT A

                    TIME WHEN OUR SOCIETY IS QUICKLY BECOMING EITHER YOU'RE RICH OR YOU'RE

                    POOR.  AND IF WE DON'T DO THE THINGS THAT WILL CONTINUE TO BUILD A

                    MIDDLE CLASS, OR NOT EVEN A MIDDLE CLASS, A LOWER MIDDLE CLASS, THEN WE

                    WILL HAVE ONE PEOPLE IN THIS SOCIETY.

                                 IT WAS NOT THAT LONG AGO WHEN WE COULD LOOK AT TV

                    AND SEE PEOPLE IN LINES ACROSS AMERICA TRYING TO EAT, TRYING TO FIND

                    FOOD AS WE WENT THROUGH A PANDEMIC.  WE DON'T KNOW IF WE'RE EVER

                    GONNA GO THROUGH THAT AGAIN.  BUT WHAT WE DO KNOW IS WE WANT OUR

                    PEOPLE TO BE PREPARED TO WORK.  WE WANT OUR PEOPLE TO BE PREPARED TO

                    WORK.  THIS LEGISLATION PROVIDES THAT OPPORTUNITY.  AND I HOPE THAT

                    PEOPLE WILL LOOK IT AT LIKE THAT AS OPPOSED TO AN OPPORTUNITY TO DENY

                    SOMEBODY SOMETHING, LOOK AT IT AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO DENY PEOPLE A

                    HAND UP.

                                 AND I WANT TO THANK THE SPONSOR FOR INTRODUCING IT AND

                    I LOOK FORWARD TO VOTING IN SUPPORT OF IT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  READ THE

                    LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 120TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  A PARTY

                                         98



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VOTE HAS BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL, GENERALLY SPEAKING, BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON

                    THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION.  BUT IF THERE ARE PEOPLE THAT WISH TO VOTE YES

                    THEY MAY DO SO NOW.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  MRS.

                    PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  THE DEMOCRATIC CONFERENCE IS GENERALLY GONNA BE IN FAVOR

                    OF THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION; HOWEVER, I -- THERE MAY BE A FEW THAT

                    WOULD DESIRE TO BE AN EXCEPTION, THEN THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO USE THEIR

                    RIGHT AT THEIR SEATS.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE CLERK

                    WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MR. MEEKS TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, FOR AN

                    OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE.

                                 I WANT TO COMMEND THE SPONSOR ON THIS LEGISLATION.  I

                    HAD A OPPORTUNITY TO LOOK THROUGH IT AND IT'S TRULY ABOUT

                    SELF-SUFFICIENCY; PROVIDING RESOURCES FOR INDIVIDUALS TO BE A BETTER

                    VERSION OF THEMSELVES.  IT'S NOT ABOUT SUPERVISION.  IT'S NOT ABOUT

                                         99



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HAVING AN OVERSEER MINDSET.  IT'S ABOUT MEETING PEOPLE WHERE THEY ARE

                    AND GIVING THEM A OPPORTUNITY TO THRIVE.

                                 SO I'LL BE VOTING IN THE POSITIVE.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  MR. MEEKS

                    IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 PAGE 17, RULES REPORT NO. 423, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  SENATE NO. S00946, RULES REPORT NO.

                    423, SENATOR JACKSON (A03295, PHEFFER AMATO, TAPIA, STECK).  AN ACT

                    TO AMEND THE CIVIL SERVICE LAW, IN RELATION TO AUTHORIZING THE REMOVAL

                    OF POLICE OFFICER CANDIDATES FROM AN ELIGIBLE LIST WHEN SUCH CANDIDATE

                    DOES NOT MEET PSYCHOLOGICAL FITNESS REQUIREMENTS OR LACKS GOOD MORAL

                    CHARACTER STANDARDS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  READ THE

                    LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THE CLERK

                    WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. PHEFFER AMATO TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. PHEFFER AMATO:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.

                                         100



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT BILL IN THE PROCESS OF HIRING

                    CANDIDATES FOR OUR POLICE FORCES.  THIS BILL ALLOWS THE SHERIFF AND POLICE

                    CHIEFS TO REMOVE POLICE OFFICER CANDIDATES FROM THE ELIGIBLE LIST IF THEY

                    DO NOT MEET PSYCHOLOGICAL FITNESS REQUIREMENTS OR LACK OF GOOD MORAL

                    CHARACTER.  IT AUTHORIZES THE REMOVAL OF POLICE OFFICER CANDIDATES FROM

                    THIS LIST WHERE THEY DO NOT MEET THESE -- MEET THE GUIDELINES.  WE WILL

                    STILL BE FOLLOWING THE -- THE LIST, BUT WE TAKE OUT THAT DISQUALIFIED

                    CANDIDATE.  I THINK THIS IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO FIND THE MOST QUALIFIED

                    CANDIDATE FOR A POLICE FORCE.

                                 SO THANK YOU FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  MS. PHEFFER

                    AMATO IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 10, RULES REPORT NO. 292, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A01529-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 292, RIVERA, BENEDETTO, BRONSON, CLARK, COLTON, CONRAD,

                    DE LOS SANTOS, DINOWITZ, GLICK, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, HEVESI, JACKSON,

                    JACOBSON, LUNSFORD, MCDONOUGH, MEEKS, PEOPLES-STOKES, REYES,

                    ROSENTHAL, SEAWRIGHT, SEPTIMO, SIMON, STECK, TAYLOR, STIRPE, STERN,

                    WALKER, KELLES, BURDICK, SANTABARBARA, SHIMSKY, ZINERMAN,

                    CUNNINGHAM, FORREST, LEVENBERG, EPSTEIN, GALLAGHER, OTIS.  AN ACT TO

                    AMEND THE REAL PROPERTY LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIRING THE DISCLOSURE OF

                    LEAD-BASED PAINT TEST REPORTS IN REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS.

                                         101



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  AN

                    EXPLANATION HAS BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MR. RIVERA.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THANK YOU.

                                 BEFORE US IS A BILL THAT WE'VE PASSED ON A FEW

                    OCCASIONS IN THIS HOUSE IN MY SHORT TENURE HERE IN THE ASSEMBLY.  IT

                    LOOKS TO PROVIDE INCOMING HOMEOWNERS WITH A COMPLETE SET OF

                    INFORMATION AROUND LEAD SAFETY OF THEIR HOMES.  AND I'M HERE FOR ANY

                    QUESTIONS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 BEFORE I ASK THE SPONSOR TO YIELD FOR SOME QUESTIONS,

                    I'M WONDERING IF WE CAN GET A LITTLE BIT OF QUIET HERE SO I CAN REALLY

                    HEAR THE -- THE SPONSOR.

                                 SERGEANT-AT-ARMS:  QUIET, PLEASE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                 WOULD -- WOULD THE SPONSOR PLEASE YIELD FOR SOME

                    QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  WILL THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.  AND SINCE YOU

                    ARE SO FAR AWAY AND YOU -- YOU'RE A LITTLE SOFT-SPOKEN AND MAYBE I'M A

                    LITTLE HARD OF HEARING, I HOPE THAT -- I REALLY DO WANT TO HEAR WHAT YOU

                    HAVE TO SAY ON THIS BILL.

                                         102



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  I -- I WANTED TO ASK YOU FIRST BECAUSE I

                    -- I HAD A QUESTION ABOUT IT.  WHICH -- WHICH PROPERTIES, WHICH HOMES

                    THE AGE OF WHICH ARE COVERED UNDER THIS PARTICULAR PIECE OF LEGISLATION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  SO IT DEFINES REAL ESTATE

                    PURCHASED AFTER 1970 -- I'M SORRY, REAL -- REAL ESTATE THAT HAS BEEN

                    CONSTRUCTED AFTER 1972.

                                 MS. WALSH:  IT WAS CONSTRUCTED AFTER 1972?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  SO IF YOU HAVE A HOME FROM --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I'M SORRY.  FORGIVE ME, IT'S 1978.

                    FORGIVE ME, I MISSPOKE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  1978.  OKAY.  SO IF I HAD A HOME FROM

                    1840, WHICH I USED TO OWN, IS THAT COVERED UNDER THIS LEGISLATION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT WOULD BE A PIECE OF PROPERTY THAT

                    WOULD HAVE TO BE INSPECTED, YES.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN INSPECTED?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THAT -- THAT WOULD NEED TO BE

                    INSPECTED.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THAT WOULD NEED TO BE INSPECTED.

                    OKAY.

                                 WHAT ABOUT A HOME THAT'S FROM 1990?  DOES THAT

                    HOME NEED TO BE INSPECTED?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO, BECAUSE IT'S AFTER 1978.

                                 MS. WALSH:  BECAUSE IT'S -- OKAY.  I JUST WANTED TO

                                         103



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BE CLEAR ABOUT THAT.  IF -- IF IT'S CONSTRUCTED AFTER 1978 IT IS NOT COVERED

                    BY THIS LEGISLATION.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEP.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.

                                 NOW IF YOU DON'T MIND AND JUST INDULGE ME, COULD YOU

                    JUST POINT ME TO WHERE IN THE BILL IT SPECIFICALLY SAYS THAT?  I WOULD

                    REALLY APPRECIATE THAT BECAUSE I'M HAVING A LITTLE HARD TIME FINDING IT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  ARTICLE 16, LINE 7.  IT MIGHT BE A

                    DIFFERENT PAGE NUMBER FOR ME, BUT THAT'S WHERE I HAVE IT.

                                 MS. WALSH:  YEAH.  SO THAT'S ALL LIKE THE -- IT'S LIKE

                    ALMOST LIKE A PREAMBLE WHERE YOU HAVE LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND, YOU

                    KNOW, IT GOES -- AND THEN I SAW THE ACTUAL BILL TEXT STARTING ON PAGE 3

                    WHERE YOU INSERT A NEW ARTICLE 17.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  SO I'M JUST TRYING TO PUT THAT ALL

                    TOGETHER.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  WELL, THIS IS THE SECTION OF THE BILL

                    THAT SPEAKS TO THE DEFINITIONS.  THE DEFINITION OF A -- RESIDENTIAL REAL

                    PROPERTY SHALL MEAN REAL PROPERTY IMPROVED BY A RESIDENTIAL DWELLING

                    ERECTED PRIOR TO THE YEAR 1978.

                                 MS. WALSH:  PRIOR TO 1978.  OKAY.  SO AND -- THAT'S

                    VERY HELPFUL TO KNOW.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  BECAUSE WHAT I DIDN'T WANT TO

                    HAVE HAPPEN IS SOMEBODY THAT'S GOT SOMETHING THAT'S RELATIVELY NEW

                                         104



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CONSTRUCTION --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  -- WE DON'T USE LEAD PAINT ANYMORE

                    AND IT'S BEEN BANNED -- WOULD HAVE TO GO THROUGH THE PROCESS OF BEING

                    TESTED AND CERTIFIED AND EVERYTHING.  SO I'M GRATEFUL THAT THAT'S THE CASE.

                    THANK YOU FOR THAT CLARIFICATION.

                                 WHAT IS THE, WOULD YOU SAY, IS THE AVERAGE COST OF

                    DOING A LEAD PAINT TEST IN -- IN A HOME?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  SO IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARING

                    FOR THE BILL, I MET WITH MULTIPLE FOLKS THAT ARE IN THE INDUSTRY OF LEAD

                    REMEDIATION AND LEAD INSPECTION, AND EVEN MET WITH A COMPANY IN MY

                    NECK OF THE WOODS, CONVENIENTLY, THAT NOT ONLY DOES LEAD INSPECTION

                    BUT ACTUALLY TRAINS PEOPLE AND CERTIFIES COMPANIES TO LEAD INSPECTIONS.

                    THEY RANGE -- YOU KNOW, THE COST OF A LEAD INSPECTION REALLY IS DONE

                    USUALLY WITHIN AN HOUR TO TWO HOURS.  NOWADAYS LEAD INSPECTIONS ARE

                    DONE WITH WHAT'S ESSENTIALLY -- WHAT LOOKS SIMILAR TO WHAT WE WOULD

                    USE -- WOULD USE FOR, LIKE, A THERMOMETER GUN TO DETERMINE, LIKE, A

                    TEMPERATURE.  BUT THAT -- THAT GUN, WE'LL CALL IT, IS DIRECTED AT A SURFACE,

                    LET IT BE A WINDOWSILL OR A WALL, AND VERY QUICKLY THEY COULD DETERMINE

                    WHAT THE LEAD RATE LEVEL IS ON THEIR DIGITAL READING.  SO THAT PROCESS CAN

                    BE DONE QUITE QUICKLY.  THE AVERAGE COST OF IT IS LESS THAN $500.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  THAT'S SO INTERESTING THAT THEY

                    HAVE A DEVICE.  I'M GLAD BECAUSE MY UNDERSTANDING WITH LEAD PAINT,

                    HAVING OWNED OLDER HOMES IN -- IN MY LIFE, IS THAT AS LONG AS IT'S NOT

                    PEELING OR CHIPPING, YOU KNOW, IF IT'S -- I WOULD -- I WOULDN'T WANT

                                         105



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THEM TO BE TESTING IT BY POTENTIALLY TAKING CHIPS AND THEN TESTING THEM

                    OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT.  WE WANT TO JUST LEAVE IT RIGHT WHERE IT IS --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MS. WALSH:  -- LEAVE THE PAINT RIGHT WHERE IT IS,

                    HOPEFULLY NOT CHIPPING OR PEELING OR ANYTHING AND JUST USE A DEVICE TO

                    TEST WHETHER IT'S GOT ANY LEAD CONTENT IN IT.  SO THAT'S -- THAT'S ALSO GOOD

                    TO KNOW.  OKAY.

                                 HOW MANY -- IS IT PROJECTED HOW MANY PROPERTIES ARE

                    TRANSFERRED EACH YEAR WHICH WOULD BE SUBJECT TO NEEDING THIS TYPE OF

                    TESTING?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT WOULD BE DIFFICULT TO MAKE THAT

                    KIND OF NUMBER BECAUSE THE HOUSING MARKET IS SO UP AND DOWN AND IT'S

                    OFTEN REGIONALLY SPECIFIC WHERE IN CERTAIN REGIONS THE HOUSING MARKET

                    COULD BE PICKING UP AND OTHER REGIONS LESS.  AND IT'S ALSO A MATTER OF,

                    YOU KNOW, AS YEARS AGO ON THIS IS GONNA BE NEEDED LESS -- NEEDED LESS

                    AND LESS BECAUSE AS MORE UNITS COME ON THE MARKET, EVERY NEW UNIT

                    WILL NEVER HAVE TO BE TESTED BECAUSE IT WOULD BE BUILT AFTER 1978.  AND

                    ONCE A BUILDING OR -- OR A RESIDENCE IS -- IS, YOU KNOW, REVIEWED ONCE,

                    IT DOESN'T HAVE TO BE REVIEWED AGAIN.  SO, YOU KNOW, OVER TIME THE

                    NUMBERS WILL DWINDLE.  AND, YOU KNOW, THAT BEING SAID, THERE'S A

                    REASON WHY WE HAVE THIS CONCERN AROUND LEAD PAINT.  NEW YORK STATE

                    HAS THE OLDEST HOUSING STOCK IN THE COUNTRY.  I LIVE IN -- IN THE CITY OF

                    BUFFALO, WHICH HAS THE OLDEST -- THE CITY WITH THE OLDEST HOUSING STOCK

                    IN THE COUNTRY.  AND IT'S AN EPIDEMIC THAT -- THAT WE SEE NOT JUST IN

                    UPSTATE NEW YORK, BUT IN THE CITY AS WELL, AND ITS -- ITS DAMAGE,

                                         106



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ESPECIALLY ON CHILDREN, IS PERMANENT.  SO WE FEEL LIKE IT'S -- IT'S

                    SOMETHING WE HAVE TO TACKLE NOW.  AND THE WAY THAT WE DO IT, WE

                    BELIEVE, IS THERE'S NO SILVER BULLET, BUT ONE OF THE IDEAS WE HAVE TO

                    PURSUE IS MAKING SURE THAT WHEN PEOPLE PURCHASE A HOME THAT THEY'RE

                    MADE AS AWARE AS THEY CAN BE ON THE SAFETY HAZARDS THAT THEY COULD BE

                    LIVING IN.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.

                                 NOW YOU MENTIONED, AND OF COURSE I KNOW, ABOUT THE

                    -- THE IMPACT OF LEAD POISONING AND EXPOSURE TO -- TO CHILDREN.  THAT'S

                    -- THAT'S OBVIOUSLY A VERY BIG CONCERN.  DOES THE -- DOES YOUR BILL MAKE

                    ANY ADJUSTMENTS FOR HOMES THAT ARE NOT GOING TO BE HOME TO -- TO

                    CHILDREN THAT WOULD BE POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO IT, OR IT'S JUST A BLANKET

                    REQUIREMENT BASED ON JUST SIMPLY THE AGE OF THE PROPERTY?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT'S BASED ON THE AGE OF THE PROPERTY

                    REGARDLESS OF THE AGE OF THE OWNERS OR TENANTS.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.

                                 NOW I DID SEE THAT THERE WERE SOME EXEMPTIONS IN THE

                    BILL.  THERE'S SOME PROPERTIES THAT DON'T REQUIRE THIS TESTING TO OCCUR.

                    COULD YOU JUST RUN THROUGH THOSE QUICKLY AND JUST INDICATE, YOU KNOW,

                    WHO'S BEING EXEMPTED AND MAYBE A LITTLE BIT ABOUT WHY?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  SURE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT'S -- IT'S PRETTY LENGTHY THERE.  IN

                    SECTION 2 IT LAYS OUT WHAT'S IN OR WHAT'S OUT.  BUT, YOU KNOW, IT -- IT --

                    THE KEY THING TO REMEMBER IS THAT IT'S -- IT'S A SALE OF A PROPERTY

                                         107



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BETWEEN TWO PEOPLE.  SO I GUESS THE OTHER THING I'D -- I'D ALSO PREFACE IS

                    THAT THIS BILL DOESN'T SPEAK TO ENCAPSULATION -- WELL, IT DOESN'T SPEAK TO

                    ENCAPSULATION OR REMEDIATION.  SO THE BURDEN OF THE -- THAT EXPENSE

                    ISN'T NECESSARILY PUT ON ANYBODY IN THIS BILL.  WHAT IT DOES IS IT MAKES IT

                    SO THAT THE INCOMING OWNER WOULD BE ABLE TO HAVE A FULL SET OF

                    INFORMATION IN FRONT OF THEM WHEN THEY WERE GONNA PURSUE THE -- THE --

                    THE PURCHASE OF A HOME.  SO, I MEAN, THAT JUST GOES TO THE -- THE COST

                    POINT YOU MADE EARLIER.  BUT, YOU KNOW, THERE'S A LIST OF EXEMPTIONS

                    THERE AND, YOU KNOW, WHAT'S IN OR WHAT'S OUT.  BUT IT -- IT -- IT'S -- IT

                    MORE OR LESS IS IF YOU -- IF YOU LIVE IN A SINGLE-FAMILY HOME -- THERE'S AN

                    ACCOMMODATION IN THERE FOR MULTI-UNIT, BUT THAT'S -- THAT'S NOT GONNA

                    BE, YOU KNOW, TOO INTRUSIVE.  IT'S -- IF YOU LIVE IN A SINGLE-FAMILY HOME

                    AND LOOKING TO TURN IT OVER OR SELL IT IN A NORMAL TRANSACTION BETWEEN

                    TWO PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, THAT'S WHERE IT WOULD FALL.

                                 MS. WALSH:  WOULD YOU SAY THAT THE EXEMPTIONS

                    KIND OF CENTER AROUND MORE, I WOULD CALL THEM MAYBE MORE, LIKE, CLOSE

                    TRANSACTIONS BETWEEN PEOPLE WHO ARE MORE FAMILIAR WITH EACH OTHER

                    WHO MIGHT ALREADY HAVE SOME KNOWLEDGE, WHERE YOUR BILL WOULD --

                    WOULD APPLY MORE IN TRANSACTIONS WHERE YOU HAVE, I WOULD SAY, TWO

                    STRANGERS DEALING WITH EACH OTHER, OR AM I BEING OVERLY SIMPLISTIC WITH

                    THAT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO.  I MEAN, FOR EXAMPLE, YOU KNOW,

                    A CERTIFICATE THAT SUCH PROPERTY HAS BEEN TESTED FOR LEAD IS NOT GONNA BE

                    NEEDED -- SHOULD NOT BE REQUIRED IN THE CASE OF A TRANSFER TO A

                    BENEFICIARY OR A DEED OR A TRUST, BECAUSE THOSE AREN'T REALLY TWO PEOPLE

                                         108



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THAT ARE SELLING A PROPERTY IF IT'S INVOLVING THAT.  A TRANSFER DONE BY A

                    COUNTY SHERIFF.  SOMETIMES IF -- IF IT'S IN OBSCURE SITUATIONS WHERE A

                    LOCAL GOVERNMENT TRANSFERS A PROPERTY, THAT WOULDN'T -- THAT WOULDN'T BE

                    THE CASE.  IT'S REALLY MEANT FOR TRANSACTIONS BETWEEN TWO INDIVIDUALS.

                                 MS. WALSH:  VERY GOOD.

                                 HOW DOES THIS BILL LINE UP AGAINST ANY FEDERAL

                    REQUIREMENTS THAT ARE OUT THERE AS FAR AS LEAD PAINT TESTING?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  SURE.  SO IN THE EARLY '90S THE

                    FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, STARTING WITH THE CONGRESS, PASSED A -- A BILL THAT

                    ESSENTIALLY MADE IT SO THAT EVERYBODY HAD ESSENTIALLY A RIGHT TO KNOW

                    WHERE LEAD WAS IN THEIR HOMES.  WHAT'S THAT -- WHAT THAT'S TURNED INTO

                    WAS NEVER REALLY THE FULL ACHIEVEMENT OF THE INTENTION OF WHAT THOSE

                    CONGRESS PEOPLE MEANT TO DO.  WHAT IT'S TURNED INTO TODAY IS IF YOU'RE

                    GONNA BUY A HOME -- OR I SHOULD START FROM THE SELLER.  IF YOU'RE GONNA

                    SELL A HOME, THERE'S A ONE-PAGE FORM THAT WE ALL SIGN THAT ESSENTIALLY

                    SAYS, TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE THERE'S NO LEAD IN MY HOUSE.  AND

                    THAT'S ESSENTIALLY A ONE-SHEET PIECE OF PAPER IN A STACK OF DOCUMENTS

                    THAT IF YOU'VE EVER CLOSED ON A HOUSE COULD BE QUITE A LOT, AND IT OFTEN

                    GETS LOST IN THE SHUFFLE.  AND TRUTHFULLY, WHEN IT'S -- MOST -- MOST OF THE

                    TIME WHEN IT'S USED, A PERSON IS ESSENTIALLY WITHOUT ANY PROACTIVE

                    UNDERSTANDING OR PURSUIT OF INFORMATION.  THEY'RE ESSENTIALLY JUST

                    SAYING, TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE THERE'S NO LEAD IN THIS HOUSE,

                    SIGNED, DONE.  AND WHAT HAPPENS IS THEN THAT -- THAT SAME HOUSE

                    TRANSFERS TO ANOTHER PERSON, AND THAT PERSON, EVENTUALLY WHEN THEY SELL

                    IT THEY SIGN A VERY SIMILAR FORM.  AND WHAT IT DOESN'T DO IS IT DOESN'T

                                         109



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ADDRESS WHETHER IT, IN FACT, HAS LEAD.  IT ONLY RELIEVES THE SELLER OF ANY

                    SORT OF, I DON'T WANT TO SAY LIABILITY, BUT ANY ASSUMPTION THAT THERE

                    MIGHT BE LEAD SOMEWHERE.  THEY'RE JUST ESSENTIALLY SAYING, TO THE BEST

                    OF MY KNOWLEDGE THERE'S NO LEAD HERE.  BUT THE TRUTH IS, IF A HOUSE WAS

                    BUILT BEFORE A CERTAIN YEAR, AND ESPECIALLY IF IT'S IN A CERTAIN PART OF THE

                    -- THE WORLD, THERE'S A HIGH PROBABILITY THAT THERE'S LEAD.  BUT A FAMILY

                    THAT'S COMING IN AND BUYING THEIR -- POTENTIALLY THEIR FIRST HOME AND

                    STARTING A FAMILY, THEY DON'T REALIZE THAT THEY'RE EXPOSING THEIR CHILDREN

                    TO LEAD, POTENTIALLY.  AND IT'S JUST A CYCLE.  SO WE'VE STOPPED MAKING

                    LEAD PAINT IN THIS COUNTRY IN THE '70S, BUT STILL WE HAVE CASES ALL OVER

                    THE COUNTRY AND ESPECIALLY HERE IN NEW YORK WHERE OUR CHILDREN ARE

                    BEING POISONED BY LEAD.  IT'S BECAUSE WE TRANSFER THESE PROPERTIES

                    WITHOUT THE FULL UNDERSTANDING OR DISCLOSURE OF WHERE LEAD COULD BE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  AND I APPRECIATE YOUR ANSWERS TO THAT.

                    I THINK -- I'M FAMILIAR -- I'VE DONE A FEW REAL ESTATE TRANSACTIONS AND I

                    AM FAMILIAR WITH THAT ONE-PAGE DOCUMENT THAT YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT.

                    THERE'S ALSO, AND THIS IS A MORE RECENT THING, IS THE WHOLE PROPERTY

                    DISCLOSURE -- PROPERTY CONDITION DISCLOSURE STATEMENT, OR PCDS, WHICH

                    CONTAINS KNOWN DEFECTS REGARDING THE PROPERTY THAT'S FOR SALE.  THAT, AS

                    I RECALL FROM TRANSACTIONS THAT I'VE DONE, THAT'S A PRETTY LENGTHY

                    DOCUMENT.  THAT GOES INTO A WHOLE BUNCH OF DIFFERENT THINGS THAT

                    YOU'RE DISCLOSING TO THE SELLER'S BEST KNOWLEDGE, INCLUDING THE AGE OF

                    THE HOUSE, WHICH SHOULD BE PRETTY -- YOU KNOW, PRETTY WELL-KNOWN

                    EVEN IN THE -- IN THE LISTING FOR A HOME OR ANYBODY THAT'S REALLY LOOKING

                    AT A HOME YOU CAN KIND OF TELL IF IT'S -- IF IT LOOKS LIKE IT'S SOMETHING

                                         110



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    FROM THE PRE-1970S KIND OF PERIOD.  BUT IF -- IF YOU DON'T, I MEAN, THAT

                    PROPERTY CONDITION DISCLOSURE STATEMENT IS GONNA ALERT THE BUYER TO THE

                    -- AT LEAST THE AGE OF THE HOME.  AND IF THEY'RE REPRESENTED CERTAINLY BY

                    A REAL ESTATE AGENT, THE REAL ESTATE AGENT WILL BE, I WOULD THINK, IF

                    THEY'RE DOING THEIR JOB AND THEY DO A GREAT JOB, YOU KNOW, ENCOURAGING

                    PEOPLE TO INVESTIGATE IF IT'S AN OLDER HOME, WHETHER THERE IS A PRESENCE

                    OF LEAD.  SO HOW DO YOU REALLY -- I MEAN, IF WE'VE ALREADY GOT THE

                    PROPERTY -- ARE YOU SAYING THAT YOU DON'T THINK THAT THE PROPERTY

                    CONDITION DISCLOSURE STATEMENT ADEQUATELY RAISES THE AWARENESS OF A

                    POTENTIAL PURCHASER TO THE POSSIBLE PRESENCE OF LEAD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I DON'T.  I THINK ALL THAT DOES IS

                    SATISFIES THE SELLER'S -- IT ESSENTIALLY GIVES THE SELLERS CLEAN HANDS WHEN

                    THEY TRANSFER THE PROPERTY.  IN REALITY, IT COULD BE A SCENARIO WHERE A

                    PERSON WHO IS SELLING A PROPERTY AND THEY ARE FULLY UNAWARE THAT THERE'S

                    LEAD IN THEIR HOME, AND WHETHER THEY'RE AWARE OR UNAWARE DOESN'T

                    CHANGE THE FACT THAT THE INCOMING OWNER IS JUST AS UNAWARE.  SO WHAT

                    ARE WE DOING TO PROACTIVELY MAKE IT SO THAT THE INCOMING FAMILY OR

                    PERSON BUYING A HOME HAS THE FULL KNOWLEDGE OF IT?  YOU KNOW,

                    NOWADAYS WE DO RADON TESTING, WE DO FULL INSPECTIONS, WE DO

                    APPRAISALS.  THE -- THE TIME IT WOULD TAKE TO DO A LEAD INSPECTION OF A

                    HOME, LIKE I SAID, AVERAGES ABOUT TWO HOURS, THREE HOURS.  AND THE -- I

                    DON'T HAVE TO TELL ANYBODY HERE THAT'S BOUGHT A HOUSE, THE LENGTH OF

                    TIME IT COULD TAKE TO BUY A HOUSE FROM THE FIRST TIME YOU DO YOUR FIRST

                    WALK-THROUGH TO THE ACTUAL CLOSING, OFTEN IT'S MONTHS.  SO THIS IS NOT A

                    MATTER OF IT TAKING TOO MUCH TIME, AND -- AND CERTAINLY NOT A MATTER OF

                                         111



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THE COST.  SO WHY WOULD WE NOT MAKE EVERY BEST EFFORT POSSIBLE TO

                    MAKE SURE THAT THE HOMES THAT WE ARE BRINGING OUR FAMILIES INTO ARE

                    SAFE AS THEY CAN BE?

                                 MS. WALSH:  I CAN UNDERSTAND YOUR POINT.  AND ONE

                    OTHER THING I WOULD JUST ADD TO THAT IS THAT A LOT OF -- IN THIS HOUSING

                    MARKET RIGHT NOW, IT'S -- FROM WHAT I'VE HEARD FROM KIDS OF MINE THAT

                    ARE LOOKING TO PURCHASE THEIR FIRST HOME, THERE'S A -- THERE ARE A LOT OF

                    PEOPLE, EVEN ON OLDER HOMES, THAT ARE WAIVING INSPECTIONS TO -- TO

                    MAKE A MORE ATTRACTIVE OFFER, WHICH I -- THIS IS MY EDITORIAL COMMENT

                    -- BUT I THINK THAT THAT'S JUST INSANE.  I THINK ESPECIALLY WITH A HOUSE

                    THAT'S GOT SOME AGE TO IT, THEY REALLY OUGHT TO BE DOING INSPECTIONS.

                    BUT THAT'S -- THAT'S JUST MY EDITORIAL COMMENT ON THAT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I'D AGREE WITH YOU.

                                 MS. WALSH:  A QUESTION FOR YOU, I GUESS, IS IF YOU

                    -- LET'S SAY YOU'VE GOT A HOME AND IT MEETS THE -- THE CRITERIA THAT YOU'VE

                    SAID OF A CERTAIN AGE AND IT NEEDS TO BE TESTED AND IT IS TESTED AND THEN

                    THE PROPERTY IS TRANSFERRED, AND THEN FIVE YEARS LATER THOSE OWNERS WANT

                    TO THEN SELL.  DOES THE PROPERTY HAVE TO GET RETESTED AT THAT POINT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NOPE.  ANY PROPERTY ONLY HAS TO BE

                    CERTIFIED ONCE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  I THOUGHT YOU HAD SAID THAT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.  IF THE HOUSE IS SOLD IN A COUPLE

                    YEARS OR TRANSFERRED IN SOME WAY THEN, YEAH, NO.  IT -- IT -- THE RECORD OF

                    THAT INSPECTION IS KEPT BOTH WITH THE LOCAL COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT,

                    BUT THEN ALSO COULD BE ATTACHED TO THE PROPERTY IN ITSELF IN WHATEVER

                                         112



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WAY THEY MAKE IT SO.

                                 MS. WALSH:  OKAY.  I THINK YOU'VE ANSWERED ALL OF

                    MY QUESTIONS, AND I APPRECIATE THAT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 MS. WALSH:  MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU.

                                 SO, I -- I DO APPRECIATE THE OPPORTUNITY TO DISCUSS THIS

                    BILL WHICH WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT BEFORE.  FUNDAMENTALLY, I WOULD JUST

                    POINT OUT THAT THE QUESTION OF WHAT PROPERTIES THIS REQUIREMENT WOULD

                    APPLY TO IS NOT AS CLEARCUT AS I BELIEVE CAME OUT IN THE DEBATE.  AND --

                    AND THE REASON IS THAT FOR THOSE -- YOU KNOW, FOR THOSE OF US WHO ARE

                    READING -- YOU KNOW, READING THE BILLS, THE BILL STARTS OUT WITH SORT OF,

                    LIKE, PREAMBLE LANGUAGE AND LEGISLATIVE INTENT LANGUAGE.  AND THAT'S THE

                    PART THAT THE SPONSOR REFERRED TO, TALKING ABOUT A RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY

                    BUILT PRIOR TO 1978.  BUT IF YOU ACTUALLY READ THE UNDERLINED PORTION OF

                    THE BILL THAT WE ARE DEBATING TODAY, THERE IS NO, THAT I -- THAT I SAW, I

                    DON'T BELIEVE IT IS THERE AND IT'S NOT MY READING -- THAT IT ONLY APPLIES TO

                    HOMES THAT ARE -- THAT HAVE BEEN CONSTRUCTED PRIOR TO 1978.  I BELIEVE

                    IT'S '78 OR '74.  IT -- IT JUST DOESN'T SAY THAT IN -- IN THAT PART OF THE

                    LANGUAGE.  SO I DON'T KNOW IF THAT NEEDS TO GET CLEANED UP IN SOME KIND

                    OF A CHAPTER AMENDMENT.  I MEAN, I WOULD ENCOURAGE THAT BECAUSE MY

                    -- I MEAN, MY READING, AND I DID READ IT, JUST DOESN'T SAY THAT IT IS SO

                    LIMITED.

                                 I DO THINK THAT NONE OF US HERE WANT TO SEE ANY

                                         113



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CHILDREN, ELDERLY, ANYBODY HARMED BY LEAD PAINT.  AND WHEN TWO

                    PARTIES COME TOGETHER FOR A TRANSACTION LIKE A REAL ESTATE TRANSACTION --

                    WHICH IS IN MANY INSTANCES ONE OF THE MOST EXPENSIVE THINGS THAT THE

                    AVERAGE FAMILY WILL DO IS TO PURCHASE A HOME -- I'M VERY TROUBLED BY

                    PEOPLE WHO ARE JUST -- REALLY JUST WAIVING INSPECTIONS.  IF THEY HAVE ANY

                    -- IF THEY'RE REPRESENTED BY ATTORNEYS, AND THEY OUGHT TO BE, THOSE

                    ATTORNEYS, THOSE REAL ESTATE AGENTS THAT ARE REPRESENTING THEM OUGHT TO

                    BE REALLY ENCOURAGING ANYBODY WHO IS PURCHASING A HOME THAT'S --

                    THAT'S OLDER, AN OLDER HOME, TO BE NOT WAIVING INSPECTIONS AND DOING

                    THESE INSPECTIONS.  BECAUSE AS THE SPONSOR SAID, THEY'RE -- YOU KNOW,

                    THEY'RE AROUND MAYBE 500 BUCKS, BUT FOR A PROPERTY THAT -- WE KNOW

                    WHAT PROPERTY PRICES ARE LOOKING LIKE THESE DAYS, IT'S SUCH A HUGE

                    INVESTMENT, TO ME, THAT IT IS PENNY-WISE, POUND-FOOLISH TO NOT TAKE A

                    LOOK AT WHETHER A PROPERTY CONTAINS LEAD.

                                 I DO THINK THAT WE DO HAVE A PROPERTY CONDITION

                    DISCLOSURE STATEMENT, AND IT NEEDS TO GET FILLED OUT.  IF IT DOESN'T GET

                    FILLED OUT THEN THAT'S CHARGEABLE AGAINST THE SELLER OF THE PROPERTY.  BUT

                    I THINK, YOU KNOW, THERE -- THERE IS AN IDEA OF CAVEAT EMPTOR.  THERE IS

                    AN IDEA THAT PEOPLE NEED TO COME INTO A REAL ESTATE TRANSACTION WITH

                    GOOD ADVICE FROM PEOPLE THAT THEY'VE RETAINED, WHETHER IT'S A REAL

                    ESTATE AGENT, AND HOPEFULLY THEY HAVE A REAL ESTATE AGENT.  HOPEFULLY

                    THEY'RE REPRESENTED BY AN ATTORNEY.  IF THEY'RE GOING IT ALONE, THEY OUGHT

                    TO BE SMART ENOUGH TO BREAK OUT THE GOOGLE AND FIGURE OUT THAT IF THE

                    PROPERTY'S OLDER IT COULD VERY WELL CONTAIN LEAD PAINT.  PARTICULARLY IN

                    THE NORTHEAST BECAUSE WE HAVE DO HAVE SUCH OLDER HOUSING STOCK.

                                         114



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 SO I -- I DON'T KNOW.  I THINK THAT THERE ARE SOME

                    PEOPLE WHO WILL SUPPORT THIS BILL AS -- AS A WAY TO ENSURE THAT THESE

                    PROPERTIES HAVE BEEN ALL TESTED.  SOME MAY FIND THAT IT IS MORE OF AN

                    ONEROUS BURDEN AND THAT PEOPLE WHO ARE COMING INTO WHAT IS A VERY

                    EXPENSIVE TRANSACTION OUGHT TO HAVE THE -- THE SMARTS AND THE ADVICE TO

                    DO THIS TESTING ON THEIR OWN.  AND CERTAINLY IT'S NOT -- IT -- IT'S -- IT'S A --

                    IT'S A WISE CHOICE TO HAVE A PLACE THAT IS TESTED FOR LEAD BEFOREHAND

                    BEFORE YOU MAKE SUCH A MAJOR PURCHASE.

                                 SO THERE WILL BE, I -- I WOULD EXPECT, A -- VOTES ON

                    BOTH SIDES OF THIS.  AND I DO APPRECIATE THE SPONSOR FOR TAKING ON THE

                    QUESTIONS THAT I'VE ASKED, AND I'LL SAY THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                    THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. DURSO.

                                 MR. DURSO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WOULD

                    THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR SOME QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER BUTTENSCHON:  WILL THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES.

                                 MR. DURSO:  THANK YOU, MR. RIVERA.

                                 SO JUST TO CLEAN UP ON A COUPLE OF THINGS THAT MY

                    COLLEAGUE WAS ASKING.  YOU DID STATE IF THE HOUSE WAS BUILT TO 19 --

                    FROM 1978 AND PRIOR, IT WOULD HAVE TO BE INSPECTED FOR LEAD PAINT,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                         115



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  AND WHEN DID THEY OUTLAW THE

                    USE OF LEAD PAINT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  1976, I BELIEVE.

                                 MR. DURSO:  I -- I HAVE IT AS '78, BUT --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I'M SURE YOU'RE RIGHT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  DON'T SAY YOU'RE SURE I'M RIGHT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YOU'D NEVER STEER ME WRONG.

                                 MR. DURSO:  I -- I WOULD TRY NOT TO.  OKAY.  SO NOW,

                    THAT'S FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE HOME, CORRECT?  SO WHEN THE HOME

                    WAS ORIGINALLY BUILT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO WHAT IF I HAD A SMALL CAPE HOME ON

                    LONG ISLAND, THREE BEDS, ONE BATH, ONE FLOOR, AND I DID AN EXTENSION OR

                    A SECOND FLOOR IN 1981, RIGHT?  SO IS THE SECOND FLOOR PORTION OF IT -- OR

                    LET'S SAY THE HOUSE WAS BUILT IN '79 AND THEN -- EITHER WAY, WHATEVER

                    YOU WANT, IF THERE'S AN EXTENSION TO THE HOME, IS IT THE ORIGINAL

                    STRUCTURE THAT IS WHAT'S COUNTING AS THE YEAR?  BECAUSE AGAIN, I COULD

                    HAVE BUILT IT IN 1979 AND COVERED THE WHOLE HOUSE IN LEAD PAINT.  YOU

                    KNOW, THE -- THE WHOLE HOUSE COULD BE DIFFERENT.  IT'S THE SECOND FLOOR,

                    AN EXTENSION, A GARAGE OR THIS OR THAT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  WELL, IT'S -- IT'S DEFINED AS THE HOUSE

                    BEING BUILT AFTER 1978.  SO IF IT WAS BUILT IN 1980 THEN IT DOESN'T.

                                 MR. DURSO:  CORRECT.  BUT --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IF YOU (INDISCERNIBLE) -- IF YOU BOUGHT

                    A HOUSE THAT -- IF YOU WERE SELLING A HOUSE THAT WAS BUILT IN 1950 --

                                         116



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. DURSO:  RIGHT.

                                 MR. RIVERA: -- AND YOU BUILT A SECOND FLOOR TO IT,

                    LET'S SAY, WHEN YOU'RE SELLING THE HOUSE YOU'RE NOT JUST SELLING THE

                    SECOND FLOOR SO YOU'D HAVE TO INSPECT THE WHOLE HOUSE.

                                 MR. DURSO:  AGREED.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SO IF IT WAS BUILT BEFORE 1978, THEN

                    YES, IT WOULD BE -- IT WOULD HAVE TO BE TESTED.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  SO WITH THAT BEING SAID, YOU --

                    YOU HAD ACTUALLY ANSWERED THE ONE QUESTION THAT I DID HAVE, AND I

                    THANK MY COLLEAGUE FOR ASKING IT.  YOU DID SAY ONCE THERE'S AN

                    INSPECTION DONE ON THE HOUSE ONE TIME FOR LEAD PAINT, THE NEXT SELLER OR

                    THE NEXT PERSON DOES NOT HAVE TO GO THROUGH THAT AGAIN, CORRECT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  AND WHERE DOES THAT GET FILED, THE

                    INSPECTION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THE COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT OF THE

                    LOCAL COUNTY.

                                 MR. DURSO:  AND ONCE THAT INSPECTION IS DONE, WHO

                    HAS TO FILE IT?  IS IT THE REALTOR?  IS IT THE INSPECTOR?  IS IT THE

                    HOMEOWNER?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT WOULD BE FILED ALONG WITH THE

                    CLOSING DOCUMENTS.  SO DEPENDING ON HOW YOU CLOSE --

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO IT -- IT'S NOT A SEPARATE FILING.  IT'S

                    ALL GOING WITH THE CLOSING DOCUMENTS.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                         117



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  AND IS THERE A SEPARATE FEE, DO

                    YOU KNOW, FOR THAT TO GET FILED WITH -- IF IT'S THE COUNTY CLERK, IF IT'S THE

                    HEALTH DEPARTMENT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I WOULD SAY IT'S -- IT'S PART OF WHATEVER

                    FILING FEE YOU HAVE WITH THE REST OF YOUR CLOSING DOCUMENTS.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  AND NOW IF THIS IS NOT DONE

                    AND THERE IS NO INSPECTION DONE, IS THERE A FINE FOR THAT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THE CLOSING JUST WOULDN'T TAKE PLACE.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO THE -- OKAY.  THAT WAS MY NEXT

                    QUESTION.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THERE'S NO WAIVING OF THIS, EITHER.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO YOU -- YOU CANNOT WAIVE THIS AT ALL.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO -- AND -- AND AS MY COLLEAGUE

                    ASKED, IF THERE WAS A WAIVE OF INSPECTION ALL TOGETHER ON THE HOME, THIS

                    IS SEPARATE AND APART.  THIS IS NOW NOT PART OF YOUR INSPECTION.  THIS IS

                    COMPLETELY DIFFERENT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  EVEN IF YOU WANT TO HAVE NO

                    INSPECTION ON YOUR HOME, YOU HAVE TO STILL HAVE THE LEAD PAINT IF IT'S

                    NOT ALREADY FILED.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.

                                 LAST QUESTION FOR YOU, SIR.  SO IF I'M RENTING A HOME --

                    SO I ALREADY OWN MY HOME.  IT WAS BUILT IN 1960, RIGHT?  BUT I'M GOING

                                         118



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    TO RENT MY WHOLE HOME OUT TO SOMEBODY.  AS A LANDLORD, DO I HAVE TO

                    HAVE MY HOME INSPECTED FOR LEAD PAINT IF I'M GOING TO RENT IT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YOU'RE GOING TO --

                                 MR. DURSO:  IS THIS ONLY FOR SALES?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT'S -- IT'S FOR SALES PRIMARILY.  BUT

                    THERE'S ALSO, YOU KNOW, IF YOU HAVE, FOR EXAMPLE, A LEASE WITH AN

                    OPTION TO PURCHASE OR A LEASE WITH AN OBLIGATION TO DO A PURCHASE

                    AGREEMENT, SO IF YOU'RE DOING, LIKE, A RENT TO OWN.

                                 MR. DURSO:  RIGHT.  BUT NOT -- NOT JUST A STRAIGHT

                    RENTAL.  IF I HAVE A ONE-YEAR LEASE WITH SOMEBODY, NOT AN OPTION TO

                    PURCHASE, IF I'M JUST RENTING TO A FAMILY WITH THREE SMALL CHILDREN, MY

                    HOUSE WAS BUILT IN 1950, I DON'T HAVE TO GET A LEAD PAINT INSPECTION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  SO THIS IS STRICTLY FOR A SALE, NOT

                    FOR A RENTAL.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  UNLESS IT'S ONE OF THOSE OPTIONS THAT I

                    JUST SAID.

                                 MR. DURSO:  RIGHT.  WITH -- WITH A -- WITH AN

                    OPTION TO PURCHASE.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  AND MY -- MY LAST QUESTION IS,

                    IT -- IT WAS FOR STRUCTURES THAT WERE BUILT PRIOR TO 1978 RESIDENTIAL,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NOT COMMERCIAL.

                                 MR. DURSO:  NOT COMMERCIAL.

                                         119



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO NOW IF I HAD A COMMERCIAL

                    PROPERTY THAT WAS BUILT IN 1975 AND THEN IN 1985 I WENT AND GOT THE

                    SURVEY CHANGED -- OR NOT THE SURVEY, THE WORD IS ESCAPING ME RIGHT

                    NOW -- BUT IT WENT FROM RESIDENTIAL -- I MEAN, COMMERCIAL TO

                    RESIDENTIAL.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  MM-HMM.

                                 MR. DURSO:  DOES IT THEN NOW HAVE TO HAVE AN

                    INSPECTION?  BECAUSE ORIGINALLY IT WAS COMMERCIAL, NOT RESIDENTIAL,

                    WHEN IT WAS BUILT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IF IT'S A RESIDENTIAL UNIT AT THE POINT OF

                    SALE AND IT WAS BUILT BEFORE 1978, THEN, YES.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO JUST -- AND JUST SO I'M CLEAR, IT'S ME.

                    I OWN A BUILDING, RIGHT, THAT IS -- IS -- IS ZONED COMMERCIAL, RIGHT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  AT THE POINT OF YOU BUYING IT?

                                 MR. DURSO:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEP.

                                 MR. DURSO:  AND THEN I GET IT REZONED THROUGH MY

                    TOWN AND THEY'RE GONNA RENT IT -- YOU KNOW, I'M GONNA MAKE IT

                    RESIDENTIAL AND PUT APARTMENTS IN.  DOES IT HAVE TO HAVE A INSPECTION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES, BECAUSE AT THE TIME OF SALE IT IS A

                    RESIDENTIAL PIECE OF PROPERTY.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OH, OKAY.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YOU'RE SELLING IT AS A RESIDENCE.

                                 MR. DURSO:  SO WHEN I PURCHASED IT IT WAS

                                         120



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    COMMERCIAL, IT WAS BUILT IN 1950.  BUT ONCE I CHANGE IT TO RESIDENTIAL --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  -- THEN IT HAS TO HAVE AN INSPECTION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. DURSO:  OKAY.  THANK YOU, MR. RIVERA, FOR

                    ANSWERING MY QUESTIONS.  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  WOULD THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE THING.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  THANK YOU, MR. RIVERA.

                                 AS A FORMER CONSTITUENT OF YOURS AND FORMER NORTH

                    BUFFALO RESIDENT --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  -- I KNOW THE AREA THAT YOU'RE

                    SPEAKING OF -- OF WELL.  I JUST HAD A QUICK QUESTION FOR YOU ON THE RENTAL

                    PORTION.  AND I'M NOT SURE IF OUR PAGES ARE GONNA LINE UP, BUT I'M ON

                    PAGE 7 OF THE BILL.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  MM-HMM.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  THE PORTION THAT SAYS DISCLOSURE OF

                    LEAD-BASED PAINT HAZARDS PRIOR TO EXECUTING A RESIDENTIAL LEASE OR

                                         121



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    RESIDENTIAL AGREEMENT WITH TENANT.  THAT PORTION RIGHT THERE.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  MM-HMM.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  SO YOU'RE SAYING THAT PORTION ONLY

                    APPLIES TO SITUATIONS IN WHICH A -- IT'S A RENT-TO-OWN OR IS THIS -- I GUESS

                    I'M CONFIRMING THE FACT THAT THIS IS ONLY RENT-TO-OWN SITUATIONS AND NOT

                    ALL RENTAL SITUATIONS.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.  IN SECTION 6 THE DEFINITION

                    SAYS IS A REAL ESTATE PURCHASE CONTRACT SHALL MEAN THE FOLLOWING.  AND

                    THEN I -- A CONTRACT WHICH PROVIDES FOR THE PURCHASE AND SALE OF AN

                    EXCHANGE FOR RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY, LEASE WITH AN OPTION TO

                    PURCHASE THE RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY, LEASE WITH AN OBLIGATION TO

                    PURCHASE AGREEMENT FOR RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  GOT IT.  OKAY.  THANK YOU FOR

                    CLARIFYING THAT FOR ME.  SO IN THAT SITUATION, LET'S SAY A LANDLORD

                    CURRENTLY HAS TENANTS THAT ARE WORKING TO -- TO PURCHASE OR IN THAT TYPE

                    OF AGREEMENT.  WHEN DOES THE -- WHEN DOES IT HAVE TO TAKE -- WHEN

                    DOES THE TEST HAVE TO TAKE PLACE?  DOES IT HAVE TO TAKE PLACE

                    IMMEDIATELY?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  AS PART OF THE CLOSING.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  SO BEFORE THE ACTUAL CLOSING OF THE

                    SALE.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  OKAY.  THAT WAS IT.  THANK YOU

                    VERY MUCH.  APPRECIATE IT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THANK YOU.

                                         122



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. BAILEY.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                    WOULD THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR A FEW QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MS. BAILEY:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 I DO HAVE -- I JUST AM LOOKING FOR SOME CLARITY.  I -- I

                    BELIEVE YOU HAD MENTIONED TO MR. DURSO THAT RESIDENTIAL MEANS A

                    SINGLE-FAMILY DWELLING, CORRECT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO, THERE'S -- THERE'S A -- THERE'S

                    SCENARIOS WHERE THERE'S A MULTI-FAMILY UNIT AS WELL.

                                 MS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  SO ARE WE LOOKING AT A

                    RESIDENTIAL ONE- TO TWO-FAMILY, ONE- TO FOUR-FAMILY OR JUST RESIDENTIAL

                    BY ITSELF?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO, IT'S -- THE WAY THAT A RESIDENTIAL

                    DWELLING IS DEFINED IS A SINGLE-FAMILY DWELLING INCLUDING ATTACHED

                    STRUCTURES SUCH AS PORCHES, STOOPS OF A SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENCE,

                    DWELLING UNIT USED OR OCCUPIED OR DESIGNED TO BE USED OR OCCUPIED

                    WHOLLY OR PARTIALLY AS A HOME OR RESIDENCE OF ONE OR MORE PERSONS,

                    WHETHER OR NOT IT WAS -- IT WAS OR WILL BE OCCUPIED.  SO IT'S -- IT'S -- IT'S

                    PREDOMINANTLY GONNA BE FOR SINGLE-FAMILY UNITS, BUT THERE IS A SCENARIO

                    WHERE THERE'S MULTI-FAMILY.

                                         123



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  AND THE ONLY REASON I ASKED

                    FOR CLARITY IS THERE ARE TWO CLASSIFICATIONS OF RESIDENTIAL WHICH CAN GO

                    UP TO FOUR UNITS.  SO I WAS JUST LOOKING FOR THAT CLARITY.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  IN THE SECTION WHERE IT

                    DISCUSSES WHAT NEEDS TO BE CERTIFIED, IT SPEAKS TO HOW YOU WOULD

                    HANDLE A CERTIFICATION IF THERE'S A MULTI-FAMILY UNIT.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  I'M SORRY, WHAT WAS THAT?  IF THERE'S

                    WHAT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT SPEAKS TO HOW YOU WOULD CERTIFY A

                    SPACE WHEN THERE'S MULTI-UNITS.  SO IT SPEAKS TO IT THERE.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  GREAT.  THANK YOU.

                                 I -- I ALSO BELIEVE YOU SAID THAT IF A TEST WAS ALREADY

                    ADMINISTERED --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEP.

                                 MRS. BAILEY: -- AND THAT PAPERWORK WAS FILED WITH

                    THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND WHICH ULTIMATELY WOULD END UP BEING THE

                    COUNTY CLERK IN THOSE COUNTIES, THEN THAT INFORMATION SHOULD BE IN THE

                    ABSTRACT OF THAT PROPERTY.  SO FOR ANY FUTURE SALES, IF I'M SELLING MY

                    HOME TO YOU, IT SAYS THAT I NEED TO SUPPLY A COPY TO THE CONTRACT AND

                    THEN ALSO PRODUCE THAT AT THE TIME OF CLOSING TO BE TO BE -- TO BE FILED IN

                    THE COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE OR IS IT JUST HAVE TO BE SHOWN AT THE TIME OF

                    CLOSING IN THE CLERK'S OFFICE WHEN YOU'RE FILING THE PAPERWORK?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT HAS TO BE FURNISHED TO THE INCOMING

                    BUYER.  SO THE PERSON WHO IS GOING TO BE PURCHASING THE PROPERTY,

                    THEY'RE GONNA RECEIVE A COPY OF IT, AND IT GETS FILED WITH THE COUNTY

                                         124



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HEALTH DEPARTMENT.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  IT GETS FILED WITH THE COUNTY HEALTH

                    DEPARTMENT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  I DO BELIEVE THERE'S TEXT IN

                    THE BILL THAT INDICATES THAT THE OFFICE IN WHICH IT'S BEING RECORDED THAT

                    THE TRANSFER OF THE PROPERTY THAT -- BEAR WITH ME JUST A MINUTE.  I MOVED

                    IT UP.  SO THAT THE RESIDENTIAL REAL PROPERTY PURSUANT TO THIS SHALL DELIVER

                    TO A BUYER ATTACHED TO THE CONTRACT THAT IT'S BEEN TESTED AND THAT THE

                    SELLER SHALL ATTACH A COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE CONTAINING THE SIGNATURE OF

                    THE SELLER AND ANY REPORT OF A TEST FOR LEAD -- LEAD-BASED PAINTS TO THE

                    REAL ESTATE PURCHASE CONTRACT.  THE SELLER SHALL THEN SUBMIT A COPY OF

                    THAT CERTIFICATE OF THE TEST TO THE OFFICE AUTHORIZED UNDER SECTION 372 OF

                    THIS CHAPTER TO REGISTER THE TITLE IN THE COUNTY WHICH THE REAL PROPERTY IS

                    LOCATED, AND SUCH OFFICE SHALL NOT ACCEPT FOR FILING AN INSTRUMENT OR

                    TRANSFER OF TITLE UNLESS ACCOMPANIED BY SUCH CERTIFICATE WHERE

                    APPLICABLE.

                                 SO MY QUESTION IS, IF I AM RECEIVING THOSE DOCUMENTS

                    ACROSS THE COUNTER, HOW DO I KNOW THAT IS NEEDED FOR THAT PURCHASE?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THE REPORT, THE RESULTS OF WHATEVER

                    THE EXAM IS, THE CERTIFIED, YOU KNOW, TESTING, THAT'S PROVIDED TO THE

                    BUYER.  THE CERTIFICATE TO CONFIRM THAT THE HOUSE HAS BEEN TESTED, THAT

                    GETS FILED WITH THE COUNTY CLERK.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  UNDERSTANDING.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  AND IN FUTURE REFERENCE, WHENEVER

                                         125



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THAT -- WHENEVER THAT HOUSE THEN GOES ON THE MARKET AGAIN, EVIDENCE OF

                    THAT WOULD BE INCLUDED IN ALL THE PAPERWORK.  SO THE CERTIFICATE THAT IT'S

                    BEEN TESTED ALREADY WILL ALREADY BE ON FILE WITH THE COUNTY.

                                 MS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  SO MY CONCERN BEING -- AND --

                    AND MAYBE I'M MISUNDERSTANDING THIS -- IT STATES THAT IT CANNOT BE

                    RECORDED UNLESS THAT'S ACCOMPANYING TO IT.  HOW WOULD I KNOW THE AGE

                    OF THAT HOME IF I AM A CLERK IN ANY ONE COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE RECEIVING

                    THIS DOCUMENTATION AS TO WHETHER OR NOT THAT DOCUMENT SHOULD BE

                    PROVIDED TO ME OR NOT BECAUSE I DON'T KNOW THE YEAR THAT HOME WAS

                    BUILT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THE COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE IN -- IN ITS --

                    I'D SAY IN EVERY COUNTY THAT I'VE EVER INTERACTED WITH, THEY HAVE A -- A

                    VAST RECORD OF EVERY PARCEL OF PROPERTY IN THEIR COUNTY AND THEY KNOW

                    THE AGE OF STRUCTURES ALREADY.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  SO THE EXPECTATION IS THAT THE COUNTY

                    CLERK'S OFFICE IS GOING TO DO THE RESEARCH AT THE TIME THAT CLOSING PAPERS

                    ARE COMING IN TO ENSURE THIS HOME WAS BUILT --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO.  THEY -- THEY DON'T HAVE TO --

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  -- PRE- OR POST?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THEY DON'T HAVE TO DO ANY RESEARCH.

                    WHEN YOU PULL THE TITLE OF A PROPERTY IT'LL SAY WHEN IT WAS BUILT.  SO

                    THEY ALREADY HAVE THAT ON EVERY PIECE OF PROPERTY THEY EVER WILL TOUCH.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  BEING A FORMER COUNTY CLERK,

                    AT THE TIME OF RECORDING I'M NOT PULLING UP ANYONE'S PRIOR TRANSACTION

                    WHILE I'M PUTTING THAT CLOSING ON RECORD.

                                         126



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. RIVERA:  BUT AS PART OF THE CLOSING, DON'T YOU

                    HAVE EVIDENCE OF WHEN THE HOUSE WAS BUILT?

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  IT'S, NOT TO MY KNOWLEDGE, ON ANY OF

                    THE FORMS THAT ARE RECEIVED.  I'M THINKING THAT THE RP-5217, THE TP-584

                    OR THE DEED ITSELF, AND IN NOWHERE IN THERE AM I REMEMBERING SEEING A

                    YEAR THAT THE HOME WAS BUILT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.  IN MY EXPERIENCE IN MY -- I

                    MIGHT HAVE BOUGHT OR SOLD -- I'M ON MY FIFTH HOUSE MAYBE.  EVERY TIME

                    I'VE BEEN TO -- YOU KNOW, ATTENDED MY CLOSINGS IN PERSON AND HAVE

                    DEALT WITH MY COUNTY CLERK MULTIPLE TIMES IN MY OWN TOWN AND COUNTY

                    GOVERNMENT, IT'S MY EXPERIENCE THAT THE COUNTY -- THE COUNTY CLERK'S

                    OFFICE HAS NOT JUST DOCUMENTATION AT POINT OF CLOSING TO DETERMINE THE

                    YEAR OF THE PROPERTY, BUT ALSO IN THEIR INTERNAL SYSTEMS CAN DETERMINE TO

                    ENSURE THAT THE -- THAT THE PAPERWORK IN FRONT OF THEM IS LEGITIMATE,

                    BECAUSE HOW WOULD THEY KNOW THAT THE PERSON WHO IS EVEN SELLING THE

                    HOUSE IS THE CORRECT SELLER AND OWNER OF THE HOUSE IF THEY DON'T HAVE

                    THE TITLE INFORMATION IN FRONT OF THEM?

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  SO I -- I CAN AGREE TO DISAGREE AT THIS

                    TIME.

                                 HAVE WE CONSULTED WITH THE COUNTY CLERKS

                    ASSOCIATION WHEN WE WERE DRAFTING THIS LEGISLATION?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I HAVE SPOKEN TO MY COUNTY CLERK.

                    AND THIS BILL HAS PASSED THREE TIMES, AND I BELIEVE IT MIGHT HAVE PASSED

                    PRIOR TO MY TIME BEING HERE.  TO DATE, NO INTERACTION OR CONCERN FROM

                    ANY COUNTY CLERK OR COUNTY CLERKS ASSOCIATION.

                                         127



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  OKAY.  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YOU GOT IT.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  JUST A COUPLE -- ONE MORE QUESTION.

                                 GOING BACK TO THE FEE.  SO YOU HAD INDICATED THAT IT

                    WOULD BE CUSTOM HOWEVER IT'S GOING TO BE RECORDED.  SO THAT COULD BE

                    DONE IN A FEW DIFFERENT WAYS.  IT COULD BE A PAGE ATTACHED, SO ON AND SO

                    FORTH.  MY QUESTION WOULD BE IS MANY TIMES WHEN YOU SEE A CLOSING

                    COME FORWARD AND THERE MAY BE A SUBDIVISION MAP OR A MAP OF

                    REFERENCE TO THAT PROPERTY ON RECORD, YOU WILL SEE THAT REFERENCE OFTEN

                    IN THE -- THE TERMINOLOGY OR IN THE BODY OF THE DEED ITSELF.  IF THIS

                    CERTIFICATE IS RECORDED IN A CLERK'S OFFICE, IT WOULD HAVE A DOCUMENT

                    NUMBER, A BOOK OR PAGE, WHATEVER IT MIGHT BE.  WOULD IT BE SUFFICIENT

                    IF THAT IS REFERENCED IN THE BODY OF THE DEED ITSELF TO TIE BACK TO THAT

                    ORIGINAL FILING THAT WAS DONE IN THEIR OFFICE WHEN THE INITIAL TEST WAS

                    SUBMITTED?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I WOULD SAY AS LONG AS THE COUNTY

                    CLERK HAS RECEIVED THE CERTIFICATE, HOW THEY DETERMINE HOW THEY RECORD

                    THE RECEIVING OF THAT CERTIFICATE IS UP TO THAT COUNTY CLERK.

                                 MRS. BAILEY:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.  I APPRECIATE

                    YOUR ANSWERS.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THANKS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. RA.

                                 MR. RA:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                                         128



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    YIELD.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  FOR YOU, OF COURSE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. RA:  THANK YOU.  I APPRECIATE THAT.

                                 SO JUST A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS.  AND I KNOW -- I MEAN,

                    THIS WAS DISCUSSED EARLIER, BUT I'M WONDERING IF YOU CAN JUST WALK ME

                    THROUGH THIS PIECE.  THE -- SO THE -- THE PRE-1978.  LOOKING AT THE BILL,

                    RIGHT, IT -- WHEN IT SPELLS OUT WHAT THE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT LOOKS LIKE,

                    IT TALKS ABOUT 1978 AND THE OBLIGATION UNDER STATE LAW WHICH WOULD BE

                    IMPOSED BY THIS OF HAVING THIS TEST.  BUT THEN THERE'S THE SECTION, WHICH

                    IS SECTION 3, OF THE BILL WHICH CREATES THAT OBLIGATION, AND THAT DOES NOT

                    IN ANY WAY EXPLICITLY SAY IT'S ONLY REQUIRED PRIOR TO 1978.  AM I

                    READING IT WRONG?  AM I MISSING SOMETHING?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I GUESS THAT'S -- THAT'S YOUR TAKE ON IT.

                    I MEAN, I THINK THAT THE DEFINITION IS CLEAR ON WHAT A REAL ESTATE

                    PURCHASE CONTRACT IS, AND IT ONLY -- IT SAYS CLEARLY THAT IT'S ONLY FOR

                    PROPERTIES BUILT AFTER 1978.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  SO YOU'RE -- SO REALLY, WHAT YOU'RE

                    SAYING IS IT SAYS IT'S NOT SO MUCH IN THE BILL AS IT'S BECAUSE OF WHERE IT

                    EXISTS IN -- IN CURRENT LAW.  IS THAT WHAT YOU'RE SAYING?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I'M SAYING THAT IT'S MAKING IT CLEAR

                    THAT THE ONLY TIME A CERTIFICATION IS NEEDED IS ONLY WHEN CONTRACTS ARE

                    DONE AND ONLY WHEN CONTRACTS ARE DONE ON BUILDINGS BUILT AFTER 1978.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  THANK YOU.  THANK YOU FOR THAT

                    CLARIFICATION.  I -- I STILL DO THINK IT COULD BE CLEARER, BUT THANK YOU FOR

                                         129



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THAT CLARIFICATION.

                                 MY OTHER QUESTION IS, DO YOU KNOW, GENERALLY, WHAT

                    THE COST OF THIS TYPE OF INSPECTION IS?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  FROM THE CONVERSATIONS I'VE

                    HAD WITH LEAD INSPECTION COMPANIES AND LEAD INSPECTION CERTIFIERS, THE

                    AVERAGE COST IS SOMEWHERE BETWEEN $4- AND $500.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  SO I KNOW THAT WITHIN THE TEXT

                    THERE'S A CREDIT AGAINST TAXES THAT ARE PAID.  I BELIEVE IT'S $400 PER UNIT

                    TESTED IF IT'S A MULTI-UNIT DWELLING, CORRECT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. RA:  AND THEN $500 FOR A SINGLE-FAMILY HOME.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  SO I'VE -- THERE -- I HAVE SEEN THE

                    CONCERN EXPRESSED THAT -- THAT OFTENTIMES THE TEST MAY COST MORE THAN

                    THAT.  BUT YOU THINK THE -- THIS CREDIT IS COMMENSURATE WITH THE COST OF

                    DOING THIS TYPE OF TEST?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  I MEAN, THERE ARE TESTS THAT

                    FOLKS CAN DO IN THEIR HOME TODAY THAT THEY DON'T RECEIVE A CREDIT FOR;

                    RADON, FOR EXAMPLE.  A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE DOING THAT PRIOR TO A CLOSING OR

                    PRIOR TO A -- OR PRIOR TO A PURCHASE.  I FEEL AS THOUGH THIS IS, YOU KNOW,

                    IT SPEAKS TO NOT JUST THE NECESSITY OF IT BUT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THAT

                    THERE'S A COST TO IT.  AND WE BELIEVE THAT THIS IS A -- A PUBLIC HEALTH

                    PROBLEM.  AND, YOU KNOW, IF THERE'S A WAY THAT WE CAN MITIGATE A BIT OF

                    THAT FOR THE SELLER, THEN -- I MEAN, REMEMBER, THIS IS A COST THE SELLER'S

                    GONNA INCUR, NOT THE BUYER.  SO IT'S -- YOU KNOW, IF -- IF THE SELLER'S

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ALREADY GONNA BE MAKING HOWEVER MUCH MONEY THEY MAKE IN THE -- IN

                    THE PURCHASE, THIS SMALL COST IS A BIT -- AND I IMAGINE IN MOST CASES IT

                    WOULD BE A BIT OF A NEEDLE IN -- IN A HAYSTACK.  YOU KNOW, CONSIDERING

                    -- OR A DROP IN THE BUCKET, I SHOULD SAY.  SO YES, I -- I BELIEVE THE CREDIT

                    IS, YOU KNOW, AN EFFORT BY WHICH WE'RE -- WE'RE SORT OF SAYING WE DON'T

                    WANT TO, YOU KNOW, ADD AN ADDITIONAL BURDEN TO -- TO THE COST.

                                 MR. RA:  ALL RIGHT.  THANK YOU, MR. RIVERA.  THANK

                    YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. MEEKS.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  WILL THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES, OF COURSE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU.  I'M GONNA

                    FIRST OF ALL SAY THAT I APPRECIATE YOUR WORK ON THIS.  IT'S A VERY

                    IMPORTANT, VERY IMPORTANT TOPIC.

                                 SO I GUESS THE FIRST THING IS, THIS -- YOUR LEGISLATION

                    SAYS THAT LANDLORDS AND/OR HOMEOWNERS HAVE A LEGAL OBLIGATION TO

                    DISCLOSE THAT THERE IS LEAD PAINT HERE OR THERE -- THEY HAVE TO PROVE THAT

                    THERE'S NOT LEAD PAINT HERE?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  IT -- THE -- THE CERTIFICATION WOULD

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    DEMONSTRATE THAT -- WHERE LEAD IS.  IN MANY CASES, IF A HOUSE WAS BUILT

                    BEFORE 1978, IT SORT OF BROADLY ASSUMES THAT THERE IS LEAD.  BUT THIS

                    MAKES IT SO THAT THE SELLER IS -- MUST DISCLOSE WHERE IT IS IN THE HOME.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  ALL RIGHT.  SO IF IT WAS

                    BUILT BEFORE 1978, IT PROBABLY DOES EITHER HAVE LEAD IN IT OR ALREADY OR

                    YOU'VE HAD IT REMEDIATED SO THAT YOU DON'T HAVE LEAD ANYMORE.  SO YOU

                    HAVE TO PROVE THAT WHAT YOU'RE SELLING IT.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  CORRECT.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THAT'S FAIR.

                                 DO INSURANCE COMPANIES REQUIRE SOME KNOWLEDGE ON

                    WHETHER OR NOT THERE'S LEAD IN THESE HOMES OR NOT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  I DON'T BELIEVE SO, NO.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  I'M SORRY?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  INSURANCE COMPANIES, NO.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  NO.  I MEAN, I -- I DO

                    RECALL, I WANT TO SAY AT LEAST MAYBE SIX OR SEVEN YEARS AGO THERE WAS A

                    LAW FIRM THAT HAD AN AD IN THE BUFFALO CHALLENGER, WHICH IS A

                    AFRICAN-AMERICAN NEWSPAPER THAT COMES OUT WEEKLY, ON "CALL US IF

                    YOUR CHILD GETS LEAD POISONING."  THESE ARE PERSONAL INJURY ATTORNEYS.

                    AND SO I'M -- I'M WONDERING, IS THAT STILL THE CASE?  ARE PERSONAL INJURY

                    ATTORNEYS SEEKING FAMILIES WHOSE CHILDREN HAVE BEEN LEAD POISONED

                    EITHER IN A RENTAL OR A HOME THAT THEY OWN, SEEKING LAWSUITS?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  FUNNY YOU MENTIONED THAT, AND A

                    GOING STATEMENT IN THESE HALLS IS THAT I HAVE A BILL FOR THAT.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  YOU HAVE A BILL FOR THAT.

                                         132



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. RIVERA:  THERE -- THERE -- YOU KNOW, CURRENTLY

                    IN STATE LAW THERE'S AN EXEMPTION FOR LEAD POISONING.  SO

                    HYPOTHETICALLY, IF YOU HAVE A CHILD WHO UNFORTUNATELY HURTS THEMSELVES

                    ON A TRAMPOLINE OR FALLS DOWN THE STAIRS AND YOU'RE A TENANT IN A HOME,

                    YOU CAN SEEK -- YOU CANNOT SEEK DAMAGES AGAINST A HOMEOWNER'S

                    POLICY BECAUSE CURRENTLY, HOMEOWNER POLICIES HAVE AN EXEMPTION FOR

                    LEAD.  MOST STATES DON'T HAVE THIS EXEMPTION; WE HAVE IT IN NEW YORK

                    STATE, WHICH WAS DONE, FROM WHAT I'M BEING -- WHAT I'VE ALWAYS BEEN

                    TOLD IS BY EXECUTIVE ORDER OF MANY GOVERNORS AGO.  BUT AT THE END OF

                    THE DAY IT SPEAKS TO, YOU KNOW, WHAT WE'VE DONE TO SORT OF PRETEND AS

                    THOUGH THIS PROBLEM DOESN'T EXIST.  AND WE KNOW THAT THERE'S SUCH A

                    CLEAR OVERLAP, WHETHER IT'S COMMUNITIES OF POVERTY, ESPECIALLY IN

                    COMMUNITIES OF COLOR, OR COMMUNITIES WHERE THERE ARE NEW AMERICANS

                    OR COMMUNITIES WHERE, YOU KNOW, AWARENESS MIGHT NOT -- MIGHT NOT

                    BE THERE.  COMMUNITIES WHERE THERE ARE LANGUAGE BARRIERS OR, YOU

                    KNOW, MINIMAL ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE, TRUTHFULLY.  ALL THESE COMMUNITIES

                    THERE'S AN OVERLAP OF THESE SORT OF STATISTICS WITH LEAD PAINT POISONING.

                    SO IT'S ABSOLUTELY TRUE THAT THERE ARE TIMES WHERE PEOPLE ARE AFRAID TO --

                    TO ASK THEIR LANDLORD -- OR NOTIFY THEIR LANDLORD THAT THERE IS -- THAT

                    THERE'S -- THAT THEIR CHILDREN HAVE BEEN LEAD POISONED BECAUSE THEY'RE

                    AFRAID OF BEING EVICTED OR -- OR WHATEVER.  BUT YOU'RE -- YOU'RE RIGHT TO

                    BRING IT UP BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, IF YOU'VE -- WELL, I'M SURE YOU'VE HEARD

                    BUT I DON'T KNOW, I CAN'T SPEAK FOR EVERYONE HERE, THERE'S BEEN

                    COUNTLESS STORIES THAT I'VE HEARD OF CHILDREN BEING POISONED BY LEAD,

                    AND PARENTS JUST NOT HAVING THE ANSWERS, THE DIRECTION.  NOT KNOWING

                                         133



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WHAT TO DO.  HOW THEY -- HOW THEY CAN SEEK, YOU KNOW, HELP AND SUCH.

                    BUT IT'S TRUE THAT THERE'S -- THERE'S A LOT OF EFFORT IN A LOT OF COMMUNITIES,

                    INCLUDING THE LEGAL COMMUNITY, TO BRING THIS TO LIGHT AND THERE ARE

                    CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM IT EVERY DAY.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  I -- MY NEXT QUESTION IS

                    AS IT RELATES TO ASBESTOS.  IS THIS LEGISLATION IN ANY WAY -- ANY WAY

                    SIMILAR TO WHAT WE HAD TO DO AS A SOCIETY YEARS AGO ONCE WE

                    UNDERSTOOD THE DAMAGES THAT ASBESTOS COULD CAUSE A PERSON AND/OR

                    CHILD LIVING IN A HOME WHERE IT WAS THERE?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.  I MEAN, AS IT STANDS TODAY, YOU

                    KNOW, SIMILAR TO -- TO LEAD, WE DON'T MANUFACTURE IT AND USE IT IN HOMES

                    ANYMORE, YOU KNOW, WITH A CASE OF ASBESTOS.  BUT SOMEWHAT SIMILARLY,

                    I MEAN, THERE ARE -- THERE ARE CASES IN RESIDENTIAL TRANS -- I'M SURE IN

                    RESIDENCES THAT WERE BUILT AROUND THE TIME MINE WAS AND YOURS -- YOURS

                    IS THAT, YOU KNOW, THERE'S DEFINITELY LEAD AND THERE'S DEFINITELY ASBESTOS

                    IN ONE FORM OR ANOTHER.  AND AGAIN, THOSE AREN'T THINGS THAT ARE

                    NECESSARILY PROACTIVELY LAID OUT FOR INCOMING BUYERS, AND PEOPLE ARE

                    LIVING IN HOMES WITH BOTH THOSE TO THIS DAY STILL.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  OKAY.  THANK YOU.

                                 SO I GUESS LASTLY, I WOULD JUST THANK YOU.  I APPRECIATE

                    YOU RESPONDING TO THOSE QUESTIONS.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE, SURE.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  LASTLY I WILL MENTION

                    THAT BOTH ASBESTOS AND LEAD PAINT WERE AT SOME POINT DETERMINED TO BE

                    VALUABLE TO US AS A SOCIETY, AND PARTICULARLY TO BUSINESS.  AND SO THAT'S

                                         134



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WHY IT BECAME SO PREVALENT.  THAT'S WHY IT BECAME SO READILY AVAILABLE

                    IN PEOPLE'S HOMES.  IT MADE BUSINESS EASY.  AND SO I -- I UNDERSTAND THE

                    IMPORTANCE OF MAKING THINGS EASIER FOR BUSINESS.  BUT IT'S ALSO THE

                    REASON WHY WE SHOULD ALSO KNOW IF IT'S IMPORTANT FOR BUSINESS, WHAT IS

                    GOING TO BE ITS IMPACT ON OUR PEOPLE BEFORE WE IMPLEMENT IT.  WE --

                    WE DON'T DO -- THANK YOU, THAT'S THE END OF MY QUESTIONS.

                                 WE DON'T DO A GOOD JOB OF THAT IN AMERICA.  WE LOOK

                    FOR THE FASTEST WAY TO MAKE MONEY FIRST BEFORE WE THINK ABOUT WHAT THE

                    IMPACT WILL BE ON THE PEOPLE.  AND THESE ARE JUST TWO EXAMPLES OF

                    WHAT WE HAVE TO DEAL WITH WHEN WE DON'T LOOK FOR WHAT THE

                    IMPLICATIONS COULD BE LATER ON TO THE HUMAN BODY, WHETHER IT BE AN

                    ADULT OR A CHILD.  AND I WILL SAY THAT IN 1940, CUBA DECIDED THAT LEAD

                    PAINT WAS NOT GONNA BE IN THEIR SOCIETY BECAUSE IT WAS NOT GOOD FOR

                    PEOPLE IN THE FUTURE.  NOT GOOD FOR CHILDREN IN THE FUTURE.  WHY IS THAT

                    HERE WE ARE, THE SMARTEST PEOPLE WITH THE MOST INGENUITY, THE BEST

                    SCIENTISTS, THE BEST RESEARCH SCHOOLS, BUT WE STILL WILL ALLOW BUSINESS TO

                    COME UP WITH IDEAS THAT WILL MAKE THEM A LOT OF MONEY QUICK, BUT IN

                    THE LONG-RANGE HURT THE PEOPLE.  AT SOME POINT WE GOTTA COME TO GRIPS

                    WITH THAT.  WE -- WE MUST DEAL WITH IT AS THE CHALLENGE THAT IT IS AND

                    FIGURE OUT HOW TO SAY, OKAY, THIS IS A GREAT IDEA THAT YOU HAVE.  AS A

                    MATTER OF FACT, I WANT TO SAY MY COLLEAGUE ON THE OTHER SIDE MENTIONED

                    THIS EARLIER TODAY ON ANOTHER PIECE OF LEGISLATION.  IT'S A GREAT IDEA.  I'M

                    GLAD YOU WANNA LOOK AT IT LIKE THIS BECAUSE WE DO NEED TO LOOK AHEAD

                    TO HOW IT'S GONNA IMPACT US IN THE FUTURE.  I WISH WE HAD DONE THIS

                    WITH LEAD AS A SOCIETY, BUT WE DIDN'T.  AND SO NOW WE HAVE TO CATCH UP

                                         135



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BECAUSE THE FACT OF THE MATTER IS, LEAD POISONING IS THE MOST

                    PREVENTABLE AND THE MOST PREVALENT THING THAT'S NEGATIVELY IMPACTING

                    CHILDREN.  NOT CAR ACCIDENTS.  NOT AS SOME PEOPLE THINK, GUN VIOLENCE.

                    NOT -- IT'S NOT HOMICIDES.  IT'S NOT FOOD POISONING.  IT'S LEAD POISONING.

                    AND NOT ONLY DOES IT IMPACT THEIR HEALTH QUALITY, BUT IT IMPACTS THEIR

                    EDUCATIONAL CAPACITY.  AND SO AT SOME POINT WE GOTTA STOP SAYING NO TO

                    WAYS ON HOW WE CAN FIX THIS AND SAY YES.  YOU CAN'T COMPLAIN ABOUT

                    THE INCREASING DOLLAR AND EDUCATING PEOPLE WHEN YOU KNOW THAT YOU'RE

                    DOING SOME THINGS TO IMPACT THE NEGATIVITY OF THEIR ABILITY TO LEARN.  IT'S

                    -- IT'S ONLY FAIR THAT WE BEGIN AT SOME POINT TO DO WHAT'S RIGHT.  NOT JUST

                    FOR BUSINESS, WE NEED BUSINESS.  WE'RE NOT GONNA TO SURVIVE WITHOUT IT.

                    BUT THEY'RE NOT GONNA SURVIVE WITHOUT US AS CONSUMERS AS WELL.  AND

                    THEY NEED TO BE RESPECTFUL OF THAT AND WE NEED TO HELP THEM UNDERSTAND

                    THAT THEY HAVE TO BE RESPECTFUL OF THAT.

                                 SO I -- I THINK THIS IS GREAT LEGISLATION.  I HAVE VOTED

                    FOR IT IN THE PAST.  I LOOK FORWARD TO VOTING FOR IT TODAY, AND I HOPE THAT

                    SOON WE WILL BE IN A SPACE WHERE WE CAN SAY WE DON'T HAVE LEAD

                    POISONING IN OUR CHILDREN IN A -- IN A SOCIETY THAT WE LIVE IN, THE RICHEST

                    COUNTRY IN THE WORLD.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, AND THANK YOU TO THE

                    SPONSOR FOR THIS LEGISLATION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. MEEKS.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  THANK YOU, MADAM -- MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  THANK -- THANK YOU.  WOULD -- WOULD YOU -- WOULD THE

                                         136



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SPONSOR YIELD TO --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  SO, AS IT RELATE [SIC] TO THE -- THIS

                    LEGISLATION, I COMMEND YOU ON THIS LEGISLATION.  WE'VE SEEN SOME

                    MAJOR CHALLENGES WITH LEAD-BASED PAINT IN WESTERN NEW YORK AND ALL

                    ACROSS THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND I COMMEND YOU ON THE WORK THAT

                    YOU'RE DOING IN THE REGION TO FIGHT THE GOOD FIGHT ON THIS CHALLENGE.

                                 CAN YOU SPEAK TO SOME OF THE SYMPTOMS OR

                    CHALLENGES THAT OUR CHILDREN HAVE EXPERIENCED AS IT RELATE [SIC] TO LEAD

                    POISONING?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.  SURE.  YOU KNOW, THE -- THE

                    SCIENCE IS -- IS -- IS SO CLEAR THAT THE EFFECTS OF LEAD POISONING ARE TRULY

                    PERMANENT.  THAT IT'S NOT A MATTER OF A CURE OR MEDICINE, IT'S JUST A

                    MATTER OF MANAGEMENT OF THE EFFECTS.  AND, YOU KNOW, I -- I -- I'VE

                    BEEN TO YOUR DISTRICT, YOU'VE BEEN TO MINE AND, YOU KNOW,

                    NEIGHBORHOODS LIKE OURS IT'S -- IT'S SORT OF EVERYWHERE, IN REALITY.  IN

                    PART OF THE AGING OF THE HOMES, BUT, IN PART, BECAUSE OF THE NATURE OF, I

                    GUESS, WE'LL SAY REAL ESTATE IN -- IN -- IN OUR NECK OF THE WOODS.  BUT ALL

                    THAT BEING SAID, YOU KNOW, WE OFTEN FORGET, AT THE END OF THE DAY, WE'RE

                    REALLY TALKING ABOUT CHILDREN, CHILDREN'S HEALTH AND -- AND WHAT THAT

                    MEANS FOR FUTURE [SIC].  SO, A CHILD THAT'S -- THAT'S AFFECTED BY LEAD TODAY

                    AT ONE, THE PARENTS DON'T REALIZE, ONE, MAYBE THAT THEIR CHILDREN ARE --

                                         137



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HAVE BEEN AFFECTED BY IT, BUT THEN THEY ALSO DON'T REALIZE THE ONGOING

                    COST OF WHAT THAT LOOKS LIKE.  SO, NOT TO MAKE IT ABOUT DOLLARS AND

                    CENTS, BUT WHAT THAT -- THE -- THE COST ON, YOU KNOW, MEDICAL TREATMENT,

                    THE COST ON ADDITIONAL THERAPIES THE CHILDREN WILL NEED, THE COST OF, YOU

                    KNOW, FIGURING OUT WHAT SORT OF EDUCATIONAL REMEDIES ARE GOING TO BE

                    NEEDED FOR -- FOR COUNTLESS AFFECTS.  YOU KNOW, I -- THE -- THE SADDEST

                    STORY THAT I'VE HEARD SO FAR WAS -- WAS A YOUNG KID WHO'S NOW IN HIGH

                    SCHOOL, HIS NAME IS COOPER BURKETT, AND, YOU KNOW, IN A NEIGHBORHOOD

                    NOT -- NOWHERE OURS, ACTUALLY, IN MANHATTAN.  AND HIS PARENTS, VERY

                    NICE PEOPLE, THEY HAD THEIR SON CRAWLING ON THE GROUND AND ENJOYING

                    HIS -- HIS LIFE AS A -- AS A TODDLER AND THEY'RE -- MEANWHILE, THEY'RE

                    ABSOLUTELY UNAWARE, DESPITE ALL THE ASSURANCES OF THEIR -- OF THE OWNER

                    OF THEIR PROPERTY SAYING THAT, NO, THERE'S NO LEAD HERE, CONSTRUCTION

                    TAKES PLACE IN A UNIT BELOW THEIRS, DUST FROM THAT CONSTRUCTION GOES INTO

                    THEIR UNIT AND COVERS THEIR ENTIRE APARTMENT.  YOU KNOW, 15 YEARS LATER,

                    ALMOST 20 YEARS LATER, COOPER IS A KID THAT'S STILL DEALING WITH ALL KINDS

                    OF TOUGH, TOUGH (INDISCERNIBLE), YOU KNOW, HEALTH CONSEQUENCES.  AND

                    RIGHT NOW, HE'S AN ADVOCATE FOR THIS ISSUE AND KIND OF GOING ALL OVER THE

                    COUNTRY ABOUT IT AND -- WHICH I ADMIRE GREATLY, BUT IF YOU THINK ABOUT A

                    STORY OF BEING ONE YEAR'S OLD AND STILL DEALING WITH SOMETHING LATER --

                    WAY LATER IN LIFE, YOU JUST THINK, WHAT COULD WE HAVE DONE TO AVOID

                    THAT?  YOU KNOW, HOW -- HOW ARE WE SETTING OUR KIDS UP FOR FAILURE IF

                    WE'RE JUST NOT DOING ANYTHING -- OR, NOT DOING ENOUGH, TO -- TO BE -- TO

                    PREVENT IT.  AND IT'S A LIFE SENTENCE THAT KIDS ARE JUST GOING TO BE

                    BURDENED WITH FOR THE REST OF THEIR LIVES.  SO, YOU KNOW, I'M A DEEP

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BELIEVER IN THIS, AS MANY OF YOU KNOW, AND I -- I WORK HARD TO TRY TO

                    BRING -- TO SHINE LIGHT ON -- ON THIS ISSUE.  I'M HOPEFUL THAT, YOU KNOW,

                    WE'LL BE ABLE TO PUT AN END TO IT.

                                 AND I ALSO WANT TO JUST COMMEND MY COLLEAGUES FROM

                    ROCHESTER.  THE CITY OF ROCHESTER, OF EVERY MUNICIPALITY IN THE STATE

                    OF NEW YORK, HAS DONE THE BEST WITH TACKLING LEAD.  THEY HAVE A -- A

                    FANTASTIC PROACTIVE RENTAL INSPECTION PROGRAM THAT IS -- SHOULD BE A

                    NATIONAL STANDARD.  AND THEY MAKE IT SIMPLE FOR FOLKS THAT ARE --

                    THAT THEY'RE JUST WONDERING WHERE THE DANGERS ARE IN THEIR HOME.  SO, I

                    THANK YOU FOR YOUR LEADERSHIP AND -- AND MY COLLEAGUES FROM

                    ROCHESTER, SIR.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YES.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  SO, AS IT RELATE [SIC] TO INSPECTIONS, IS

                    IT THE CURRENT PRACTICE THAT WHEN A PERSON IS PURCHASING A HOME, THAT AN

                    INSPECTOR GOES IN THE HOUSE AND GIVES A -- A REPORT ON DIFFERENT ITEMS

                    WITHIN THE HOUSE?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO.  IN -- IN THE MAJORITY OF CLOSURES,

                    ON ALMOST ALL CLOSINGS OF A HOME SALES, AN INSPECTION IS NEVER DONE.

                    THE -- THE OUTGOING RESIDENT, OR THE SELLER, ESSENTIALLY, STIPULATES THAT TO

                    THE BEST OF THEIR KNOWLEDGE THERE'S NO LEAD, WHEN IN REALITY, LEAD IS

                    CLEARLY IN THE HOME JUST BY THE NATURE OF THE AGE.  SO, WE RELIEVE THE

                    SELLER OF A BURDEN, BUT WE TRANSFER THE BURDEN OF NOT KNOWING ONTO THE

                    BUYER, WHO, FOR ALL THEY KNOW, THEY'RE JUST BUYING A HOME WITH ALL THEIR

                    JOY AND ALL THEIR HAPPINESS AND EXCITEMENT, NOT REALLY REALIZING THAT

                                         139



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THEY MIGHT BE EXPOSING THEIR CHILDREN TO LEAD.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YUP.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. MEEKS:  AS IT RELATE [SIC] TO THE CHALLENGES OF --

                    OF LEAD PAINT, THERE'S SO MANY SYMPTOMS THAT OUR CHILDREN ENDURING

                    [SIC] AND -- AND ARE CHALLENGED WITH.  FROM DEVELOPMENTAL DELAYS,

                    LEARNING DISABILITIES, IRRITABILITY, LOSS OF APPETITE, WEIGHT LOSS,

                    SLUGGISHNESS, FATIGUE, ABDOMINAL PAIN, VOMITING, CONSTIPATION, HEARING

                    LOSS, SEIZURES, PICA AND THE LIST GOES ON AND ON.  AS IT RELATE [SIC] TO

                    SYMPTOMS OF NEWBORNS, THEY MAY BE BORN PREMATURELY, HAVE LOWER

                    BIRTHRATE -- LOWER BIRTHWEIGHT AND HAVE SLOW GROWTH.  AND FOR US AS

                    ADULTS, THIS POISONING -- LEAD POISONING SYMPTOMS MAY CONSIST OF:

                    HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, JOINT AND MUSCLE PAIN, DIFFICULTIES WITH MEMORY

                    OR CONCENTRATION, HEADACHES, ABDOMINAL PAIN, MOOD DISORDERS, REDUCED

                    SPERM COUNT AND AB -- ABNORMAL SPERM, MISCARRIAGES, STILLBIRTH AND

                    PREMATURE BIRTH IN PREGNANT WOMEN.  THERE'S A NUMBER OF CHALLENGES

                    THAT COME ABOUT BY WAY OF LEAD POISONING, AND I COULDN'T IMAGINE A

                    WORSE BUYER'S REMORSE THAN TO BE A FAMILY THAT PURCHASED A HOME,

                    PLANNING A GREAT FUTURE FOR ONE ANOTHER AND REALIZING THAT IN THAT NEW

                    SPACE THAT YOU'RE CREATING THESE GREAT MEMORIES, YOU'RE BEING POISONED

                    AT THE SAME TIME; EVERYONE FROM THE CHILDREN TO THE ADULTS TO THE

                    UNBORN CHILDREN.  THIS LEGISLATION IS NECESSARY TO PROTECT NEW YORKERS,

                    TO PROTECT FAMILIES AND DO RIGHT BY OUR FUTURE GENERATIONS.  AGAIN, I

                                         140



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    COMMEND THE SPONSOR ON THIS LEGISLATION.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                    WOULD THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR JUST A COUPLE OF QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  SURE.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU.

                                 SO I JUST WANTED TO CLARIFY SOMETHING HERE.  SO, WITH

                    THIS BILL, IS IT STRICTLY A TESTING AND DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENT?  OR, IS THERE

                    ANY DUTY TO REMEDIATE ANY LEAD --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YUP --

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  -- PAINT THAT'S PRESENT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  NO DUTY TO REMEDIATE OR INCAPSULATE.

                    IT IS --

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  -- SIMPLY AN INSPECTION, CERTIFICATION

                    AND THEN THE PROVISION OF THAT INFORMATION TO THE INCOMING BUYER.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  SO THEY WOULD NOTIFY THE

                    INCOMING BUYER, THEN THEY WOULD NEGOTIATE THAT HOWEVER THEY SAW FIT?

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.  I MEAN, THEY -- THEY -- IT -- IT --

                    YOU KNOW, THE INCOMING BUYER COULD JUST BE MADE AWARE AND THAT

                                         141



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BUYER COULD SAY, WELL, YOU KNOW, WHEN I MOVE IN, I'LL HAVE TO TAKE CARE

                    OF THESE AND THIS AND THAT.  OR -- OR IT COULD BE THAT IT'S TESTED AND

                    NOTHING IS OF CONCERN.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  IF A -- SAY IT'S TESTED AND

                    IT'S FOUND AND -- MAYBE IN ONE OF THE ROOMS OF THE -- THE HOME, IT'S

                    ALREADY PEELING, WHICH WOULD -- OBVIOUSLY, THAT WOULD BE A PROBLEM.

                    IN THAT CASE, IT'S STILL JUST A DISCLOSURE THAT WOULD --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  ONE HUNDRED PERCENT.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  ALL RIGHT.  THAT WAS MY ONLY

                    QUESTION.  THANK YOU --

                                 MR. RIVERA:  YEAH.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT

                    AUGUST 1, 2026.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION, BUT THERE MAY BE SOME EXCEPTIONS.  IF YOU WANT TO VOTE

                    YES, YOU CAN CERTAINLY SO DO NOW AT YOUR SEATS.  THANK YOU.

                                         142



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  THE MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION; HOWEVER, THERE MAY BE A FEW THAT WILL DESIRE TO BE AN

                    EXCEPTION.  THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO DO SO AT THEIR SEATS.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. LUNSFORD TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. LUNSFORD:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.

                                 AS A MEMBER OF THE ROCHESTER DELEGATION, I WANT TO

                    THANK THE SPONSOR FOR THIS BILL.  YOU KNOW, HE COMPLIMENTED

                    ROCHESTER, BUT ONE OF THE REASONS ROCHESTER HAS SUCH A -- A

                    PROGRESSIVE PROGRAM IS BECAUSE OF OUR TREMENDOUS NEED.  BECAUSE OF

                    THE REALITY OF HOW MANY KIDS WE SEE WITH LEAD POISONING, DESPITE ALL OF

                    THE INTERVENTIONS WE PUT INTO PLACE MEDICALLY.  AND IT WAS OUR CURRENT

                    DOH COMMISSIONER THAT SAID TO ME IN A JOINT BUDGET HEARING ONE TIME,

                    THAT WE NEED TO STOP TREATING CHILDREN'S HEALTH AS INDICATORS OF

                    ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS.  BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT THIS IS.  WE DETERMINED

                    THAT THERE ARE LEAD PROBLEMS AND WE FIND LEAD IN OUR CHILDREN.  AND I

                    DON'T THINK WE SHOULD BE USING CHILDREN AS LITMUS PAPER.  WHEN WE

                    CONSIDER THE RAMIFICATIONS OF LEAD POISONING, THE INCREASED MEDICAL

                    COSTS, ALL OF THE SPECIAL ED SERVICES THESE KIDS ARE GONNA NEED FOR THE

                                         143



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    REST OF THEIR LIVES.  SO MANY PEOPLE IN THIS ROOM CARE ABOUT EARLY

                    INTERVENTION; EACH AND EVERY ONE OF THESE KIDS ENDS UP NEEDING EARLY

                    INTERVENTION SERVICES.  THE ECONOMIC COST OF THIS GREATLY OUTWEIGHS THE

                    COST OF IMPLEMENTING THE PROGRAM.  THIS IS A SMART, PROACTIVE BILL AND

                    I'M HAPPY TO VOTE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. LUNSFORD IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 16, RULES REPORT NO. 415, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A01417-B, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 415, ROSENTHAL, BURDICK, LASHER.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE

                    GENERAL BUSINESS LAW, IN RELATION TO THE USE OF ALGORITHMIC PRICING BY

                    A LANDLORD FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING THE AMOUNT OF RENT TO CHARGE

                    A RESIDENTIAL TENANT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON A MOTION BY MS.

                    ROSENTHAL, THE SENATE BILL IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS

                    ADVANCED.

                                 AN EXPLANATION HAS BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THIS BILL WOULD PROVIDE THAT USE

                    OF AN ALGORITHM OR ALGORITHMIC DEVICE TO ADJUST RENTAL PRICE LEVELS IS

                    UNLAWFUL COLLUSION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. FITZPATRICK.

                                         144



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  YES.  MADAM SPEAKER, WOULD

                    THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- FOR A FEW QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.  THANK

                    YOU, MS. ROSENTHAL.

                                 THE -- I -- I READ IN YOUR JUSTIFICATION FOR THIS

                    LEGISLATION THAT A RECENT INVESTIGATION WAS CONDUCTED BY A GROUP CALLED

                    PROPUBLICA, WHICH IS A LEFT-LEANING DONOR -- DONOR-FUNDED NEWS OUTLET.

                    AND I FOUND THAT SOFTWARE COMPANIES ARE COLLECTING PROPRIETY

                    INFORMATION FROM LANDLORDS ACROSS THE COUNTRY.  WHY IS -- WHY WOULD

                    THAT BE A PROBLEM?  THERE ARE -- THERE ARE -- THERE ARE SOFTWARE

                    COMPANIES THAT COLLECT A WHOLE HOST OF INFORMATION TO INFLUENCE

                    ELECTIONS, FOR ANCESTRY, A -- A WHOLE HOST OF THINGS.  WHY WOULD THIS BE

                    A PROBLEM?  JUST COLLECTING INFORMATION.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, THAT'S NOT JUST WHAT --

                    WHAT THE ISSUE IS.  IT'S COLLECTING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INFORMATION, WITH

                    LANDLORDS COLLUDING ON AN ALGORITHM TO ARTIFICIALLY SET PRICES HIGH.  AND

                    THAT IS COLLUSION WHICH IS NOT LEGAL UNDER THE DONNELLY ACT IF IT WERE

                    YOU AND I SPEAKING ABOUT IT AND PLOTTING TOGETHER.  SO THIS EXTENDS IT TO

                    USING AI.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  DO YOU HAVE ANY EVIDENCE --

                                         145



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OH.  THERE'S --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- OF THIS COLLUSION OR... I MEAN,

                    YOU'RE -- YOU WANT TO PROHIBIT ANY KIND OF COORDINATION OR AGREEMENTS,

                    AND I GET -- I GET THAT, BUT DO YOU HAVE EVIDENCE?  AND WOULD -- WOULD

                    AN ORGANIZATION, FOR EXAMPLE, LIKE THE REAL ESTATE BOARD OF NEW YORK

                    OR THE GROUP FORMALLY KNOWN AS THE RENT STABILIZATION ASSOCIATION,

                    THESE ARE GROUPS THAT -- OF -- OF LIKE-MINDED PEOPLE IN THE SAME

                    BUSINESS JUST LIKE ANY OTHER ORGANIZATION.  ARE YOU -- ARE YOU MAKING

                    THE ARGUMENT THAT MEMBERSHIP IN A GROUP LIKE REBNY OR RSA WOULD

                    BE AN ATTEMPT TO COORDINATE OR --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT'S -- IT'S THE USE OF SOFTWARE TO

                    SET PRICES ARTIFICIALLY HIGH, WHICH IS ANTI-COMPETITION.  IN AUGUST, THE

                    DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE TOGETHER WITH EIGHT STATE ATTORNEYS GENERAL --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  COULD -- I'M SORRY.  COULD YOU

                    SPEAK A LITTLE LOUDER?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SURE.  IN AUGUST, THE

                    DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, TOGETHER WITH THE EIGHT STATE ATTORNEYS

                    GENERAL, FILED A LAWSUIT AGAINST TECHNOLOGY COMPANY, REALPAGE, FOR ITS

                    ALLEGED MONOPOLIZATION OF THE MARKET FOR SOFTWARE LANDLORDS USE TO

                    PRICE APARTMENTS FOR DECREASE IN COMPETITION AMONG LANDLORDS.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY.  YOU -- YOU USE THE

                    WORD "ALLEGEDLY".  SO, IS ANYTHING --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.  I'M DISCUSSING -- IT'S A

                    LAWSUIT.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- HAS ANYTHING BEEN -- SO, A

                                         146



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    LAWSUIT HAS BEEN FILED, YOU'RE SAYING?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  ALL RIGHT.  HAS IT BEEN

                    ADJUDICATED?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, WORKING WITH THE

                    GOVERNOR'S OFFICE --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  HAS ANYBODY BEEN PROVEN

                    GUILTY OF THIS?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  -- AND -- NO, BUT WE KNOW THAT

                    THIS CAN HAPPEN.  IT HAS HAPPENED IN OTHER STATES.  AND WORKING WITH

                    THE AG AND THE GOVERNOR, THIS BILL IS PRODUCED, WHICH WOULD BAN WHAT

                    IS ILLEGAL FOR HUMANS TALKING TOGETHER, BAN IT IF IT'S USED THROUGH AN

                    ALGORITHM OR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  BUT YOU DON'T HAVE ANY

                    EVIDENCE --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  I'VE GOT PLENTY OF EVIDENCE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- THAT THIS IS OCCURRING.  BY A

                    LAWSUIT?  THERE -- THERE'S --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WE'RE -- WE'RE GIVING THE AG A

                    TOOL THAT THEY NEED TO GO AFTER THOSE WHO VIOLATE THE ANTITRUST

                    DONNELLY ACT.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  I UNDERSTAND.  BUT YOU -- DO

                    YOU HAVE ANY EVIDENCE THAT THIS IS OCCURRING NOW OR HAS OCCURRED?  OR,

                    ARE YOU JUST ATTEMPTING TO GET IN FRONT OF SOMETHING YOU BELIEVE MIGHT

                    HAPPEN?  WHERE IS THE EVIDENCE THAT THIS IS OCCURRING?  BECAUSE BASED

                                         147



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ON YOUR LEGISLATION, JUST MEMBERSHIP IN AN ORGANIZATION WOULD BE

                    COLLUDING --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.  SO I'LL GIVE YOU --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- POSSIBLE ATTEMPT TO COLLUDE.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  -- SOME EVIDENCE OF IT

                    HAPPENING IN OTHER PLACES.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  WHAT -- WHAT -- OTHER PLACES?

                                 (CROSS-TALK)

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  WHOA, WHOA, WHOA --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  I WILL -- I WILL TELL YOU --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- TIME OUT.  TIME OUT.  OTHER

                    PLACES?  YOU MEAN OTHER STATES, OR IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IF YOU LET ME FINISH, I WILL

                    EXPLAIN IT TO YOU.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  ATTORNEY GENERAL BRIAN

                    SCHWALB ANNOUNCED THAT WILLIAM SMITH WILL PAY OVER $1 MILLION AND

                    REFORM ITS BUSINESS PRACTICES TO RESOLVE ALLEGATIONS THAT IT CONSPIRED

                    WITH OTHER DISTRICT LANDLORDS, USING PRICING SOFTWARE FROM REALPAGE TO

                    INFLATE RENTS AT OVER 50,000 UNITS ACROSS D.C.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  AND THAT ATTORNEY GENERAL IN

                    WHAT STATE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.  OKAY,

                    THAT'S NOT NEW YORK STATE.  SO, WE DON'T HAVE ANY -- WE DON'T HAVE ANY

                                         148



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    EVIDENCE THAT THIS IS OCCURRING HERE IN NEW YORK STATE RIGHT NOW?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  JERSEY CITY, PHILADELPHIA,

                    MINNEAPOLIS, SAN FRANCISCO, PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, HAVE ALL

                    PASSED LAWS BANNING PRICE FIXING.  SO THIS IS SOMETHING THAT DOES

                    OCCUR.  THIS IS SOMETHING THAT THE ATTORNEY GENERAL NEEDS MORE TOOLS

                    TO GO AFTER.  I CAN'T IMAGINE THAT ANYONE WOULD APPROVE OF VIOLATING THE

                    ANTITRUST DONNELLY ACT, WHICH IS WHAT WE ARE SAYING, USING ALGORITHMS

                    AND AI.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY, BUT --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  AND -- AND WE'RE GIVING THE AG

                    TOOLS TO INVESTIGATE CONCERNS THAT ARE ARISING IN NEW YORK STATE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY, BUT YOU DON'T HAVE ANY

                    HARD EVIDENCE THAT THIS IS OCCURRING OR HAS OCCURRED.  THERE'S NO --

                    THERE IS NO LAWSUIT OR NO JUDGMENT OR THERE'S BEEN NO TRIAL.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THIS IS SOMETHING THE ATTORNEY

                    GENERAL NEEDS.  THEY NEED THE TOOLS, BECAUSE RIGHT NOW IT IS UNCLEAR IF

                    USING AI OR AN ALGORITHM TO GO AFTER THOSE WHO WOULD COLLUDE TO

                    ARTIFICIALLY SET RENTS IF THAT -- IF THEY CAN GO AFTER THEM.  SO THEY CAN IF

                    IT'S PHYSICAL PEOPLE TOGETHER, PEOPLE.  THIS EXTENDS IT TO ALGORITHMS.  IT

                    IS HAPPENING.  IT'S HAPPENING OUTSIDE NEW YORK, IT'S HAPPENING IN NEW

                    YORK AND THE AG NEEDS THESE TOOLS.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  WELL, WE HAVE -- WE HAVE

                    SOME VERY STRICT RENTAL REGULATIONS HERE IN NEW YORK, AS WE'RE BOTH

                    AWARE.  WHERE -- WHERE DO YOU BELIEVE THIS IS HAPPENING?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT -- IT DOESN'T -- SO --

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  ARE WE TALKING -- WE'RE --

                    WE'RE CERTAINLY NOT TALKING -- YOU'RE TALKING UNREGULATED OR MARKET

                    RENTS.  IS THAT WHAT YOU'RE REFERRING TO HERE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, AND -- AND IN THE BILL, IT

                    SPECIFICALLY EXEMPTS RENT-STABILIZED UNITS, OTHER REGULATED UNITS,

                    AFFORDABLE HOUSING UNITS THAT ARE MONITORED THROUGH DHCR OR HPD.

                    WHAT WE DO KNOW IS THAT THIS IS OCCURRING THROUGHOUT THE NATION AND

                    THESE COMPANIES OPERATE IN NEW YORK STATE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  ALL RIGHT.  SO HOW -- HOW FAR

                    BACK?  WHEN WAS THIS FIRST DISCOVERED OR ALLEGED TO HAVE HAPPENED?

                    WHERE -- WHEN WAS THE FIRST LAWSUIT IN ANY OTHER STATE?  HOW -- HOW

                    LONG HAS THIS PRACTICE BEEN GOING ON?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT WAS -- WELL, 2023 WAS THE FIRST

                    LAWSUIT, BUT THIS HAS BEEN GOING ON THROUGHOUT THE NATION FOR QUITE

                    SOME TIME.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  QUITE SOME TIME.  SO -- ALL

                    RIGHT, SO BY 2023 WAS THE FIRST LAWSUIT THAT WAS BROUGHT AGAINST THESE

                    SUPPOSED COMPANIES.  SO ARE YOU AWARE OF ANY OTHER USE OF, AS YOU

                    DESCRIBE IT, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO RUN OR SET PRICES IN ANY OTHER

                    INDUSTRY?  ANY OTHER CONSUMER PRODUCTS OR ANYTHING ELSE?  WHY ARE

                    WE FOCUSING JUST ON HOUSING?  WHY NOT MAKE THIS KIND OF ACTIVITY

                    ILLEGAL FOR ANY OTHER PRODUCT?  I MEAN, WE COULD EITHER -- I MEAN,

                    THERE'S ALSO --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES, YOU ARE RIGHT.  YOU ARE

                    RIGHT.

                                         150



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- THERE'S ALSO COORDINATION, FOR

                    EXAMPLE --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  COLLEAGUES, WE

                    NEED TO MAKE SURE ONE PERSON SPEAKS AND THE OTHER PERSON ANSWERS.

                    THANK YOU.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  I KNOW, MADAM SPEAKER, I

                    KNOW.  I -- I DON'T LIKE TO BE INTERRUPTED AND I -- I WOULD LIKE TO ASK THE

                    QUESTION, BUT, MS. ROSENTHAL, TODAY OUTSIDE WE HAD A DEMONSTRATION.

                    THERE IS A NETWORK OF COORDINATED EVENTS OCCURRING ARGUING AGAINST

                    WHAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS DOING NOW.  SO THERE'S CERTAINLY THE

                    USE OF ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE OR COMPUTER SOFTWARE TO COORDINATE ACTIVITY

                    THAT'S LEADING TO THE DESTRUCTION OF PRIVATE PROPERTY.  THAT IS ILLEGAL.

                    WHY ARE WE -- WHY ARE WE NOT MOVING AGAINST THAT KIND OF

                    COORDINATION OR USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE OR COMPUTER SOFTWARE TO

                    NETWORK A SERIES OF ACTIVITIES THAT ARE LEADING TO THE DESTRUCTION OF

                    PROPERTY?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY, BUT -- BUT --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  THE POINT I'M TRYING TO MAKE IS

                    THERE IS -- THERE -- PEOPLE USE ARTIFICAL INTELLIGENCE OR COMPUTER

                    SOFTWARE TO RUN THEIR BUSINESS, TO COORDINATE THEIR ACTIVITIES.  SO WHY

                    ARE WE FOCUSING ONLY ON HOUSING WHEN WE KNOW THAT THERE COULD BE

                    PRICE FIXING OR OTHER TYPES OF ILLEGAL BEHAVIOR BY USING THE SAME TOOLS?

                    BUT YET, WE'RE NOT MOVING AGAINST THAT TYPE OF ACTIVITY.  YOU SEEM TO

                    BE FOCUSING ONLY ON HOUSING.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, I AM THE CHAIR OF THE

                                         151



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HOUSING COMMITTEE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  YES, BUT --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO, THIS IS SOMETHING THAT IS OF

                    INTEREST TO ME, HAS COME TO MY ATTENTION, THAT I CAN DO SOMETHING

                    ABOUT.  THE ACTIVITIES YOU DESCRIBED OUTSIDE ABOUT COORDINATING A

                    DEMONSTRATION HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH VIOLATING THE DONNELLY ACT AND

                    THE SHERMAN ACT [SIC] ON THE FEDERAL LEVEL.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  I UNDERSTAND.  BUT, THERE'S

                    OTHER -- THERE'S THE USE OF -- THE USE OF TECH --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, THERE'S NEXT SESSION

                    --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR ALL

                    SORTS OF ACTIVITIES THAT ARE NOT LEGAL IS -- IS GOING ON AS WELL.  YET, WE

                    DON'T SEEM TO TAKE ANY ACTION AGAINST THAT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  THE ARGUMENT -- THE ARGUMENT

                    I'M TRYING TO MAKE HERE IS THAT, WE ARE, AGAIN, AND WE DO THIS SO WELL IN

                    THIS BODY, USING THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT TO INTERFERE INTO OR INTERFERE

                    IN THE OPERATION OF -- OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YOU KNOW, SO A COUPLE OF

                    THINGS.  THERE'S ALWAYS NEXT SESSION -- NEXT YEAR TO INTRODUCE MORE

                    LEGISLATION.  YOU ARE FREE TO INTRODUCE LEGISLATION ABOUT THOSE ITEMS

                    AND WE DID PASS IN THE BUDGET SOME MEASURES THAT BANNED

                    COORDINATION ON -- ON DIFFERENT ISSUES.  SO WE HAVE ADDRESSED IT, IT IS AN

                    EVOLVING TECHNOLOGY, IT IS AN EVOLVING TOOL.  AND WE WANT TO BE

                                         152



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    PREPARED THAT WHEN COLLUSION THAT HAS HAPPENED IN OTHER STATES HITS

                    NEW YORK, WHICH IT ALREADY IS DOING, I'M SURE, THAT WE HAVE THE TOOLS

                    TO PROSECUTE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY.  SO -- SO RATHER THAN --

                    ALL RIGHT.  I -- I UNDERSTAND YOU WOULD LIKE TO MAYBE GET AHEAD OF THE --

                    AHEAD OF THE CURVE HERE IN A SENSE, BUT IS IT NOT -- WOULD IT NOT BE

                    PREFERABLE TO WAIT FOR AN ACTUAL OCCURRENCE OF THIS OR -- OR, YOU KNOW,

                    AN OCCURRENCE OF THIS BEFORE WE TAKE THAT KIND OF ACTION?  BECAUSE,

                    YOU KNOW, IN NEW YORK WE HAVE THE STRICTEST RENT REGULATION AND

                    HOUSING LAWS THAN ANY OTHER STATE.  SO WHAT HAPPENS IN OTHER STATES

                    GENERALLY DOESN'T HAPPEN IN NEW YORK BECAUSE WE ARE SO STRICTLY

                    REGULATED.  SO, YOU KNOW, SOME OF THESE COMPANIES MAY NOT BE

                    CONDUCTING THIS PRACTICE IN NEW YORK STATE BECAUSE THEY KNOW HOW

                    REGULATED THE HOUSING MARKET IS IN NEW YORK.  SO, WHAT I'M SAYING IS,

                    YOU ARE AGAIN, THIS IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE, I BELIEVE, ABUSING THE POWER OF

                    GOVERNMENT TO INTERFERE IN THE OPERATION OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR.  WE

                    ALREADY -- YOU KNOW, PROPERTY OWNERS ARE ALREADY UNDER TREMENDOUS

                    STRESS BECAUSE OF WHAT THIS LEGISLATURE HAS DONE TO PREVENT THEM FROM

                    RECOVERING THE COST OF OPERATING THEIR BUILDINGS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY, BUT THIS HAS NOTHING TO DO

                    WITH THIS BILL.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  BUT WHAT WE HAVE DONE IS WE

                    ARE NOW INCENTIVIZING THESE PROPERTY OWNERS TO TAKE UNITS OFF THE

                    MARKET --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, NO, NO.

                                         153



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- BECAUSE THEY CAN'T RECOVER

                    THE COST OF KEEPING THESE UNITS ON THE MARKET.  SO HERE WE HAVE

                    ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF GOVERNMENT INTERFERING IN THE OPERATION, JUST, YOU

                    KNOW -- YOUR LEGISLATION WOULD SIMPLY MAKE MEMBERSHIP IN AN

                    ORGANIZATION AN ATTEMPT AT COLLUDING OR TRYING TO MANIPULATE THE

                    MARKET.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, IT WOULD NOT.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  I BELIEVE IT WOULD.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.  LET ME TELL YOU A FEW

                    THINGS.  IN ORDER TO MEET THE STANDARD HERE OF A COORDINATING FUNCTION,

                    THESE THREE ITEMS WOULD HAVE TO HAPPEN.  AND BEFORE I -- I SPEAK THEM,

                    RENT-REGULATED UNITS ARE NOT PART OF THIS BILL, AS I SAID EARLIER.  SO THIS

                    CONCERNS MARKET RATE WHEN THERE IS COLLUSION THAT IS FORBIDDEN UNDER

                    THE ANTITRUST LAW THAT WE'VE HAD IN THIS STATE SINCE 1899.  SURELY

                    YOU'RE NOT SUGGESTING THAT IT'S PERMISSIBLE TO SKIRT THE LAW IF IT'S AN

                    ALGORITHM AS OPPOSED TO TWO HUMANS, OR THREE HUMANS.  BUT LET ME TELL

                    YOU ABOUT A COORDINATING FUNCTION.  COLLECTING HISTORICAL OR

                    CONTEMPORANEOUS PRICES, SUPPLY LEVELS, OR LEASE OR RENTAL CONTRACT

                    TERMINATION AND RENEWAL DATES OF RESIDENTIAL DWELLING UNITS FROM TWO

                    OR MORE RESIDENTIAL RENTAL PROPERTY OWNERS OR MANAGERS.  AND,

                    ANALYZING OR PROCESSING THE INFORMATION USING A SYSTEM, SOFTWARE OR

                    PROCESS THAT USES COMPUTATION INCLUDING BY USING THAT INFORMATION TO

                    TRAIN AN ALGORITHM AND RECOMMENDING RENTAL PRICES, LEASE RENEWAL

                    TERMS, IDEAL OCCUPANCY LEVELS, OR OTHER LEASE TERMS AND CONDITIONS TO A

                    RESIDENTIAL RENTAL PROPERTY OWNER OR MANAGER.  THOSE THREE FUNCTIONS

                                         154



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HAVE TO OCCUR IN ORDER FOR THE AG TO PURSUE ANY ACTION AGAINST THEM.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY.  SO, AGAIN, I ASK, DO YOU

                    HAVE EVIDENCE OF THIS OCCURRING IN NEW YORK STATE?  IT APPEARS YOU DO

                    NOT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  AS I SAID EARLIER, THE COMPANIES

                    THAT OPERATE IN NEW YORK STATE HAVE BEEN DOING THIS IN OTHER STATES.  IN

                    RESPONSE, THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE HAS FOLLOWED SUIT.  AND OTHER

                    STATES HAVE ENACTED RULES AND OTHER PROVISIONS AGAINST PRICE FIXING,

                    WHICH THIS IS.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  MM-HMM.  SO, WE -- PRICE --

                                 DO I HAVE ANOTHER 15, OR?  I DO, OKAY.

                                 SO, MS. ROSENTHAL, IS -- IS PRICE FIXING ALREADY ILLEGAL

                    IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. FITZPATRICK IS

                    TAKING HIS ADDITIONAL 15 MINUTES.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  MAY I -- MAY I CONTINUE TO ASK

                    QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  YES.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  PRICE FIXING IS ILLEGAL --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  OKAY.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  -- IN NEW YORK STATE.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  IT IS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  HOWEVER, ALGORITHMS AND AI ARE

                    NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT'S HITTING THE MARKET AND AFFECTING ALL OUR LIVES, IS

                    NOT INCLUDED IN THAT DEFINITION.  SO THIS BILL WOULD INCLUDE ALGORITHMIC

                                         155



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    DEVICES AND THOSE THREE PROVISIONS THAT I JUST SAID, IN ORDER TO PURSUE

                    ANY ACTION AGAINST LANDLORDS WHO ARE COLLUDING OR SOFTWARE COMPANIES

                    THAT ARE PART OF THE COLLUSION.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  SO, WHY -- WHY -- WHY IS USING

                    AN ALGORITHMIC METHOD WRONG?  WHAT IS --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT'S NOT ABOUT USING IT, IT IS ABOUT

                    PERFORMING THESE THREE FUNCTIONS.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  MM-HMM.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IF A LANDLORD USES THEIR PRIVATE

                    INFORMATION, PUBLIC INFORMATION, THIS BUILDING OWNER DOES IT, THAT

                    BUILDING OWNER DOES IT, THEY GET TOGETHER, THEY USE THE ALGORITHM TO SET

                    ARTIFICIALLY HIGH PRICES AND TAMP DOWN COMPETITION, THEN THAT WOULD BE

                    PRICE FIXING AND ILLEGAL.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  MM-HMM.  YOU KNOW, IT'S

                    KIND OF INTERESTING, ISN'T THAT -- ISN'T THAT A SIMILAR SYSTEM LIKE THAT IS

                    ALREADY BEING DONE OR PERFORMED IN -- IN PRICING JUST RESIDENTIAL REAL

                    ESTATE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  NO, IT'S NOT.  NO, IT'S NOT.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  WHEN YOU -- WHEN YOU --

                    WHEN YOU LOOK AT COMPARABLE VALUES OF HOMES THAT SELL IN YOUR

                    NEIGHBORHOOD, YOU KNOW, A SIMILAR HOME AND -- AND APARTMENTS ARE

                    VERY SIMILAR --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  IT'S NOT THE SAME.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  -- BUT A SIMILAR HOME SELLS FOR

                    THIS MUCH A BLOCK AWAY OR THAT MUCH A COUPLE OF BLOCKS AWAY AND

                                         156



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    YOU'RE USING COMPARABLE SALES, WHY IS THAT OKAY IN RESIDENTIAL REAL

                    ESTATE BUT NOT OKAY IN ESTABLISHING A PRICE FOR A RENTAL APARTMENT?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  COMBINING INFORMATION FROM

                    POTENTIALLY HUNDREDS OF PROPERTIES IS A POWERFUL TOOL FOR PRICE FIXING.

                    YOU AND YOUR NEIGHBOR SITTING AROUND TALKING ABOUT, HEY, I GOT 4,000

                    FOR THIS AND THEM SAYING, WOW, I COULD GET 4,000 IS NOT THE DEFINITION

                    OF PRICE FIXING AND COLLUSION.  WHAT I'M DESCRIBING IS, IT'S DONE TO RAISE

                    -- RAISE PRICES AS REALPAGE HAS SUGGESTED TO ITS USERS, AND I CAN PROVIDE

                    YOU WITH A LOT OF DOCUMENTATION ABOUT HOW REALPAGE, WHICH HAS THE

                    MAJORITY OF THE MARKET ON THIS AND VARIOUS OTHER SUCH TOOLS, ORCHESTRATE

                    THIS.  COLLUSION IS ALREADY ILLEGAL IN NEW YORK STATE.  WHAT WE ARE

                    CLARIFYING IS IS THAT USING AN ALGORITHM IS ALSO COLLUSION.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  INTERESTING.  OKAY, SO THEN, IF

                    THERE IS -- IF THERE'S USE OF ANY ALGORITHM OR ANY OTHER TYPE OF SOFTWARE

                    IN PERFORMING A REAL ESTATE EVALUATION SAY, IN THE RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE

                    MARKET, THEN THAT SHOULD ALSO BE DEEMED ILLEGAL OR BE MADE ILLEGAL AS

                    WELL, BECAUSE YOU'RE SIMPLY USING COMPARABLE VALUES TO ESTABLISH WHAT

                    I CAN GET FOR MY PROPERTY, IS NO DIFFERENT THAN WHAT BUILDING OWNERS DO

                    IN -- IN USING MARKET CONDITIONS TO ESTABLISH PRICES TO RENT THEIR

                    PROPERTIES.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY, IT'S -- IT'S -- IT'S DIFFERENT --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  HOW IS THAT COLLUSION WHEN

                    YOU'RE USING COMPARABLE VALUES AND MARKET CONDITIONS?  THAT'S WHAT

                    EVERYBODY DOES TO SET A VALUE FOR THEIR PROPERTY.  WHY ARE -- WHY ARE

                    APARTMENT OWNERS --

                                         157



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. ROSENTHAL,

                    PLEASE LET HIM FINISH HIS COMMENTS.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  OKAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  WHY ARE APARTMENT OWNERS

                    BEING SINGLED OUT FOR DOING WHAT OTHER PEOPLE DO TO ESTABLISH A VALUE

                    FOR THEIR PROPERTY?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  AS I EXPLAINED EARLIER, THERE ARE

                    THREE FUNCTIONS THAT HAVE TO BE MET --

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  MM-HMM.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- IN ORDER FOR THIS TO BECOME A

                    TOOL TO GO AFTER PRICE FIXING INDIVIDUALS AND SOFTWARE COMPANIES.

                    REALPAGE AND OTHERS SUGGEST PRICES.  IF ALL THE BUILDING OWNERS IN THE

                    NEIGHBORHOOD AND ACROSS TOWN ALL SET THEIR PRICES AT THAT LEVEL, WHICH

                    IS ARTIFICIALLY HIGH, THAT CHANGES THE MARKET.  AND I UNDERSTAND FREE

                    MARKET, THIS IS NOT FREE MARKET; THIS IS PRICE FIXING.  TO ARTIFICIALLY

                    INFLATE RENTS.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  VERY WELL.  ALL RIGHT, THANK

                    YOU, MS. ROSENTHAL.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  APPRECIATE IT.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. FITZPATRICK:  I UNDERSTAND WHAT THE SPONSOR

                    IS TRYING TO ACCOMPLISH HERE.  HOWEVER, AGAIN, THIS IS -- AND WE'VE SEEN

                                         158



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THIS FOR YEARS AROUND HERE, ANOTHER ATTEMPT BY GOVERNMENT TO INTERVENE

                    IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR, IN A SENSE, TO FIX PRICES AS WELL.  THAT'S WHAT --

                    THAT'S WHAT RENT STABILIZATION AND RENT CONTROL WERE ACTUALLY MARKET

                    MANIPULATION TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED BY GOVERNMENT TO ARTIFICIALLY

                    DEPRESS RENTS, PREVENTING OWNERS OF PROPERTY TO RECOVER THE COST OR TO

                    MEET THE COSTS OF KEEPING THEIR APARTMENT UNITS OPEN.  THE SPONSOR

                    DOES NOT PROVIDE ANY EVIDENCE OF THIS HAPPENING IN THE STATE OF NEW

                    YORK AND IS USING EXAMPLES FROM OTHER STATES THAT DON'T HAVE LAWS

                    REGARDING HOUSING AS STRICT AS NEW YORK'S, AND THAT'S PROBABLY WHY

                    YOU'RE NOT SEEING THAT KIND OF ACTIVITY HERE IN NEW YORK NOW.

                                 SO I JUST DON'T BELIEVE THAT THIS LEGISLATION IS

                    NECESSARY, MAYBE IN THE FUTURE WHEN WE HAVE CASES OF THIS HAPPENING,

                    BUT IT HASN'T HAPPENED YET.  AND I DON'T THINK WE NEED TO GET OUT AHEAD

                    OF SOMETHING THAT DOESN'T EXIST YET.  IT WILL BE A FURTHER INTERVENTION OF

                    GOVERNMENT INTO THE PRIVATE SECTOR, MAKING HOUSING UNNECESSARILY

                    MORE EXPENSIVE AND MAY TAKE EVEN MORE UNITS OFF THE MARKET, WHICH IS

                    A PROBLEM NOW BECAUSE OWNERS CAN'T RECOVER THE COST TO OPERATE THEIR

                    BUILDINGS.  SO, AGAIN, THIS IS UNNECESSARY, ANOTHER ATTEMPT AT

                    GOVERNMENT TO INTERFERE IN A MARKET THAT WILL FUNCTION FINE IF LEFT ALONE

                    AND I WOULD URGE MY COLLEAGUES TO REALLY CONSIDER REJECTING THIS BILL AS

                    UNNECESSARY.  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  WOULD THE SPONSOR YIELD FOR A FEW QUICK QUESTIONS?

                                         159



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MS.

                    ROSENTHAL.

                                 I WANT TO KIND OF HARP IN ON THE THREE POINTS, THE THREE

                    CRITERIA THAT IN THIS SCENARIO -- OR I GUESS, IN THE -- IN THE BILL, YOU

                    WOULD DESCRIBE AS COLLUSION.  WOULD YOU MIND GOING THROUGH THOSE

                    THREE CRITERIA FOR ME?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  CERTAINLY, AND THAT IS -- THAT IS IN

                    THE BILL --

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  YUP, I'M LOOKING AT IT RIGHT NOW.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO IT'S ABOUT COORDINATING

                    FUNCTION, PERFORMING ALL OF THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONS:  COLLECTING

                    HISTORICAL OR CONTEMPORANEOUS PRICES --

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  YUP.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- SUPPLY LEVELS, LEASE OR RENTAL

                    CONTACT TERMINATIONS AND RENEWAL DATES OF RESIDENTIAL DWELLING UNITS

                    FROM TWO OR MORE RESIDENTIAL RENTAL PROPERTY OWNERS OR MANAGERS.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  YOU DIDN'T HAVE TO -- YOU DIDN'T

                    HAVE TO READ THE WHOLE THING, I JUST THINK THE FIRST -- THE FIRST LINE OF

                    EACH ONE.  SO --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  WELL, YOU -- WELL, YOU ASKED ME

                    WHAT IS WAS.  IN ADDITION, ANALYZING THE INFORMATION --

                                         160



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  YUP.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- USING A SYSTEM, SOFTWARE, OR

                    PROCESS THAT USES COMPUTATION, INCLUDING BY USING INFORMATION TO TRAIN

                    AN ALGORITHM --

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  MM-HMM.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL: -- AND THEN RECOMMENDING RENTAL

                    PRICES, LEASE RENEWAL TERMS, IDEAL OCCUPANCY LEVELS, OR OTHER LEASE

                    TERMS AND CONDITIONS TO A RENTAL PROPERTY OWNER OR MANAGER.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  OKAY.  SO WITH THOSE THREE THINGS

                    IN MIND, I'M GONNA LAY OUT A SCENARIO FOR YOU THAT -- THAT I ACTUALLY

                    THINK IS MORE FREQUENTLY USED THAN YOU MIGHT IMAGINE AND NOT

                    NECESSARILY BY FOLKS THAT OWN, YOU KNOW, MULTIPLE BUILDINGS, MULTIPLE

                    UNITS THAT -- THAT ARE MORE MOM-AND-POP STOP -- MOM-AND-POP STYLE

                    LANDLORDS.  THERE ARE THREE TOOLS ONLINE OR THAT YOU COULD SUBSCRIBE TO:

                    CHATGPT, ALPHASOURCE, DATARAILS, APPIN, THAT ARE ALL AI

                    PROGRAMMING TOOLS.  AND WHAT YOU CAN DO IS, YOU CAN UPLOAD DATA

                    THAT'S ALL PUBLIC, YOU CAN GO TO, YOU KNOW, WHETHER IT'S REDFIN, ZILLOW

                    -- YOU CAN TAKE ALL THIS INFORMATION THAT IS PUBLIC AND/OR PRIVATE AND

                    YOU CAN UPLOAD THAT INTO THE PROGRAM, WHICH I WOULD -- I THINK WOULD

                    SATISFY NUMBER ONE AND NUMBER TWO.  NUMBER ONE IS ANALYZING AND

                    PROCESSING DATA INFORMATION -- I'M SORRY, NUMBER ONE IS COLLECTING

                    HISTORICAL OR CONTEMPORANEOUS PRICES AND SUPPLY LEVELS.  SO YOU'RE

                    COLLECTING THAT DATA.  TWO, YOU'RE ANALYZING OR PROCESSING THAT DATA IN

                    DATA SOFTWARE, AND THEN BECAUSE THAT INFORMATION IS COLLECTED FROM A

                    NUMBER, YOU KNOW, OF LANDLORDS AND MARKET DATA, THAT WOULD SATISFY.

                                         161



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THREE IS RECOMMENDING PRICES.  SO I GUESS WHAT I'M SAYING IS -- IS IF A

                    LANDLORD WERE TO ASK ONE OF THESE SOFTWARE PROGRAMS, WHAT IS THE

                    MAXIMUM RENT I CAN GET FOR A PROPERTY AT THIS LOCATION, AT THIS SPOT?

                    YOU KNOW, WITH THESE TRENDS IN MIND, IS THAT CONSIDERED COLLUSION,

                    EVEN THOUGH THAT INDIVIDUAL LANDLORD HASN'T ACTUALLY TALKED TO ANY OTHER

                    INDIVIDUAL?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO, IF YOU'RE USING YOUR ONE

                    LANDLORD, USING THEIR OWN PRIVATE INFORMATION AND PUBLIC INFORMATION

                    THEMSELVES, IS NOT ACTUALLY COLLUDING WITH OTHER LANDLORDS.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  OKAY.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO YOU -- YOU WANT INFORMATION

                    ON HOW TO SET A PRICE FOR YOUR BUILDING, GO AHEAD.  I THINK PEOPLE DO

                    THAT ALREADY.  THIS CONCERNS CASES WHERE THERE IS COLLUSION, SO THAT

                    EVERY OWNER SETS THE SAME RENT BASED ON INFORMATION SUCH AS LEASE

                    RENEWAL TIME, SQUARE FOOTAGE, WHO LIVES THERE, ALL SORTS OF PROPRIETARY

                    INFORMATION.  WHEN THEY GET TOGETHER AND USE THE ALGORITHM TO FIGURE

                    OUT WHAT THEY WANT TO CHARGE IN THE ENTIRE NEIGHBORHOOD OR THROUGH

                    THOSE PORTFOLIOS, THAT IS DIFFERENT THAN YOU PERSONALLY TRYING TO FIGURE

                    OUT WHAT YOU SHOULD CHARGE SOMEBODY.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  I UNDERSTAND THAT AND I -- AND I

                    AGREE WITH YOU THAT -- THAT COLLUSION, AS YOU DESCRIBED, IT IS NOT GOOD.  I

                    GUESS WHAT I'M DRAWING TO YOUR ATTENTION IS THAT, THAT ACTUALLY MIGHT BE

                    HAPPENING VIA AI BECAUSE AI, WHETHER IT'S CHATGPT, ACTUALLY SEARCHES

                    THE INTERNET FOR THE VARIOUS DATA THAT -- THAT YOU'RE DESCRIBING.  SO

                    WHAT'S ACTUALLY HAPPENING IS INADVERTENTLY PEOPLE ARE COMMUNICATING

                                         162



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WITH PROPRIETARY DATA WITH ONE ANOTHER, BECAUSE AI IS ABLE TO ACTUALLY

                    TAKE THAT INFORMATION FROM THE INTERNET AND SPIT IT BACK TO YOU AFTER YOU

                    ASK A QUESTION.  DOES THAT MAKE SENSE?

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO IT DEPENDS ON THE

                    CIRCUMSTANCE, BUT THAT MAY FIT THE PROFILE OF PRICE FIXING, BUT I THINK

                    YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT RECOMMENDATIONS ABOUT GETTING AN ESTIMATE.  NOT

                    A RECOMMENDATION, NOT AN AGREEMENT WHERE EVERYBODY GETS THEIR --

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  CORRECT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  -- TRADES THEIR PRIVATE

                    INFORMATION AND PUBLIC INFORMATION AND THEN GETS A RECOMMENDATION

                    ON WHAT RENTS TO CHARGE AND THEREFORE ARTIFICIALLY INFLATING THE MARKET

                    AND THAT'S CALLED PRICE FIXING.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  SO WHAT --

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  AND THAT'S ILLEGAL WHETHER IT'S

                    HUMANS OR -- OR, YOU KNOW, USING MACHINE INTELLIGENCE.  IT ALSO SAYS IN

                    -- IN THIS BILL THAT IT'S KNOWINGLY OR WITH RECKLESS DISREGARD.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  OKAY.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  SO THAT'S AN IMPORTANT

                    COMPONENT OF THE BILL AS WELL.

                                 MR. BOLOGNA:  OKAY, THE RECKLESS DISREGARD.

                    OKAY.  MS. ROSENTHAL, THANK YOU VERY MUCH.  I APPRECIATE IT.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 60TH

                                         163



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS BILL.  IF ANYONE

                    WANTS TO VOTE YES, THEY MAY DO SO NOW AT THEIR SEATS.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THE MAJORITY

                    CONFERENCE IS GOING TO BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION;

                    HOWEVER, THERE MAY BE A FEW THAT WOULD DESIRE TO BE AN EXCEPTION.

                    THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO USE THEIR RIGHT.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. GALLAGHER TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. GALLAGHER:  THANK YOU, SPEAKER [SIC].

                                 I AM VERY GRATEFUL FOR THIS BILL.  I LIVE IN A DISTRICT

                    WHERE RENTS HAVE RISEN OVER 40 PERCENT BASED ON OPPORTUNITIES THAT

                    LANDLORDS HAVE TAKEN TO REALLY MAXIMIZE PROFIT AT THE COST OF MY

                    COMMUNITY MEMBERS' LIVELIHOODS.  AND MANY OF THESE LANDLORDS ARE

                    NOT, "QUOTE UNQUOTE, MOM-AND-POP LANDLORDS"; THEY ARE INTERNATIONAL

                    PRIVATE EQUITY FIRMS THAT ARE USING THIS AS A WAY TO EXPLOIT THE MARKET.

                    HOUSING IS FOR PEOPLE, IT IS FOR COMMUNITIES AND IT IS TO BUILD

                                         164



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CONNECTIONS AND CONTINUE LIVES AND I'M GRATEFUL TO THE SPONSOR FOR

                    PASSING THIS BILL THAT WILL HELP KEEP RENTS IN A REASONABLE LEVEL FOR

                    PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN OUR STATE.  THANK YOU.  I AM VOTING YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. GALLAGHER IN

                    THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. ROSENTHAL:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, TO

                    EXPLAIN MY VOTE.

                                 UPON PASSAGE AND SIGNAGE, THIS WOULD BE A FIRST IN THE

                    NATION COMPREHENSIVE MEASURE THAT WILL BE OF GREAT USE TO THE

                    ATTORNEY GENERAL.  I WOULD LIKE TO SINGLE OUT THE HOUSING STAFF OF THIS

                    COMMITTEE FOR THEIR YEOMAN'S WORK ON THIS THROUGHOUT THE BUDGET

                    PROCESS.  CHRISTANA MAJEKODUNMI, MEGHAN -- MEGHAN FURCICK AND

                    FLETCHER WHYLAND SPENT MONTHS PERFECTING THIS BILL.  I'D LIKE TO THANK

                    THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S OFFICE, I'D LIKE TO THANK THE GOVERNOR'S OFFICE

                    AND I'D LIKE TO THANK THE SENATE FOR PASSING THIS AND USHERING IN A WAY

                    TO CONTAIN VIOLATIONS OF THE DONNELLY ACT, WHICH HAS BEEN THE LAW IN

                    THIS STATE SINCE 1899.  AS TECHNOLOGY MATURES AND GROWS, WE HAVE TO

                    KEEP UP WITH IT AND THIS BILL DOES JUST THAT.  AND I VOTE IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. ROSENTHAL IN

                    THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MR. DIPIETRO TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. DIPIETRO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 AS A LANDLORD MYSELF, THIS BILL DOES NOTHING BUT KILL --

                                         165



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    KILL THE HOUSING MARKET BECAUSE IT TAKES -- IT DISINCENTIVIZES ANYONE

                    WHO'S A LANDLORD FROM FIXING THEIR PROPERTY.  WHEN YOU LOOK AT A

                    PROPERTY, YOU LOOK AT HOW MUCH IT'S GOING TO COST TO REHABILITATE, HOW

                    MUCH ARE THE TAXES, HOW MUCH ARE THE EXPENSES, WHAT'S IT GOING TO

                    COST?  WITH THIS, YOU'RE GOING TO BE STUCK AND NO ONE -- WHAT HAPPENS

                    IS IT TAKES AWAY THE INVESTMENT.  NO ONE'S GOING TO WANT TO INVEST IN

                    HOUSING.  THE PROBLEM WITH HOUSING IN NEW YORK STATE IS IT'S BEEN SO

                    REGULATED THAT THE PEOPLE WHO WANT TO ACTUALLY INVEST IN THOSE MARKETS

                    WALK AWAY AND WILL NOT.  SO THE HOUSING MARKET ACTUALLY DRIES UP.  IT'S

                    A MATTER OF CAPITALISM, WHICH ACTUALLY DOESN'T WORK IN NEW YORK

                    STATE.  RENT CONTROL HAS KILLED THE HOUSING MARKET IN THE CITY.  WHEN

                    YOU TAKE AWAY AN INCENTIVE TO MAKE A PROFIT AND YOU TELL A LANDLORD

                    THEY CAN'T MAKE ANY MONEY BUT YET THEY HAVE TO KEEP UP THE

                    MAINTENANCE AND THE TAXES, WHAT DO THEY DO?  THEY ABANDON

                    BUILDINGS.  UNDER TRUE CAPITALISM, THE PEOPLE, IF THERE WAS -- IF THERE'S A

                    -- A MARKET FOR HOUSING, THEY WILL BUILD THE HOUSING BECAUSE THEY WILL

                    GET A RETURN ON THEIR INVESTMENT.  THIS DOES NOTHING BUT KILL THE

                    HOUSING MARKET.  IT DOES NOTHING BUT TELL LANDLORDS NOT TO INVEST IN NEW

                    YORK, NO WAY WE'RE GOING TO KEEP UP -- WE'RE GOING TO USE THIS AND TELL

                    US WHAT WE CAN OR CANNOT MAKE ON OUR UNITS.

                                 SO, WITH THIS, I'LL BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE AND I'D

                    ENCOURAGE ALL OF MY FELLOW COMPATRIOTS TO DO SO ALSO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. DIPIETRO IN THE

                    NEGATIVE.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                         166



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER, FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE.

                                 AS A LANDLORD AS WELL, I WOULD SAY THAT, YOU KNOW, I

                    THINK THAT THIS BILL MAKES A LOT -- A LOT OF SENSE BECAUSE YOU DON'T WANT

                    PEOPLE UNSCRUPULOUSLY TARGETING AN OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE SURE THAT YOU

                    HAVE TO PAY THEIR LEVEL OF RENT AS OPPOSED TO WHAT YOU CAN AFFORD.  BUT

                    AT THE SAME TIME, WE HAVE TO REMEMBER THIS IS ABOUT TECHNOLOGY.  AND

                    IT'S MOVING FAST.  AND SO WHATEVER WE CREATE NOW OR TRY TO STOP IT,

                    GUARANTEED, PEOPLE WHO WANT TO BE UNSCRUPULOUS WILL FIND A WAY TO GET

                    AROUND IT.  SO I SUPPORT THE DESIRE AND WHAT OUR SPONSOR HERE HAS TO DO

                    AND I CERTAINLY FAVOR VOTING FOR HER LEGISLATION.  BUT I ASSURE YOU THAT

                    IT'S -- IT'S AN INDUSTRY THAT WE YET DO NOT UNDERSTAND AND I THINK, AS WAS

                    MENTIONED EARLIER BY MY COLLEAGUE ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE AISLE, THERE

                    IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO LOOK AT WHAT AI IN ITS FULL POTENTIAL CAN DO TO US AS

                    A SOCIETY AND I THINK THAT WE SHOULD FOCUS ON THAT.  THANK YOU FOR THE

                    OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE AND IT IS A YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MRS.

                    PEOPLES-STOKES IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULT.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, IF YOU

                    COULD NOW CALL THE HOUSE -- THE HOUSE AT EASE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON

                                         167



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES' MOTION, THE HOUSE STANDS AT EASE.

                                 (WHEREUPON, AT 5:26 P.M. THE HOUSE STOOD AT EASE.)



                    *******************************************************.

                                 (WHEREUPON, AT 7:18 P.M. THE HOUSE WAS CALLED BACK

                    TO ORDER.)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE HOUSE WILL

                    COME TO ORDER.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU.  IF WE COULD

                    CONTINUE OUR FLOOR WORK.  COLLEAGUES, WE'RE GONNA GO RIGHT TO RULES

                    REPORT NO. 425 BY MR. SIMONE, FOLLOWED BY RULES REPORT NO. 463 --

                    NO, RULES REPORT NO. 480 BY MS. PAULIN, AND THEN RULES REPORT NO.

                    482 BY MS. SOLAGES, RULES REPORT NO. 488 BY MR. OTIS, AND THEN

                    RULES REPORT NO. 463 BY MR. EPSTEIN.  IN THAT ORDER, MADAM SPEAKER,

                    AND THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 PAGE 17, RULES REPORT NO. 425, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A03665-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 425, SIMONE, WEPRIN, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, DINOWITZ, EPSTEIN,

                    GLICK, TAPIA, REYES.  AN ACT TO REPEAL PARAGRAPHS (E), (F) AND (G) OF

                    SUBDIVISION 5 OF SECTION 36 OF THE MUNICIPAL HOME RULE LAW, RELATING

                    TO LIMITATIONS ON THE SUBMITTING OF A QUESTION TO THE QUALIFIED ELECTORS

                    OF A CITY WHEN THERE IS A QUESTION SUBMITTED BY A CHARTER COMMISSION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                         168



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMONE.

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THE PURPOSE OF THIS BILL IS TO REMOVE

                    THE BUMPING POWERS OF A MAYOR WHEN IT COMES TO AMENDING A CITY

                    CHARTER.  CITY CHARTERS MAY CURRENTLY BE AMENDED THROUGH VOTER

                    REFERENDUMS OR CHARTER REVISION COMMISSIONS CREATED BY CITY COUNCILS.

                    HOWEVER, CURRENT LAW ALLOWS A MAYOR TO BUMP PROPOSALS FROM EITHER

                    OF THESE SIMPLY BY PROPOSING THEIR OWN PROPOSALS NO MATTER THE

                    CONTENT OR SCOPE.  THEY COULD EVEN JUST PUT A COMMA ON THE BALLOT AND

                    BUMP A CITY COUNCIL PROPOSAL.  THIS BILL ENSURES NO MAYOR WOULD HAVE

                    THE POWER TO BLOCK THE ABILITY OF NEW YORKERS AND THEIR

                    REPRESENTATIVES FROM HAVING AN ISSUE CONSIDERED BY VOTERS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. REILLY.

                                 MR. REILLY:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL

                    THE SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  YES, I YIELD.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. REILLY:  THANK YOU SO MUCH, MR. SIMONE.

                                 SO WOULD -- WOULD THIS APPLY TO ALL MAYORS IN NEW

                    YORK STATE?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IT WOULD APPLY FOR THE ENTIRE STATE,

                    YES.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  SO WHEN IT COMES TO THE -- THE

                    BUMPING THE QUESTION, RIGHT, HOW DOES THAT GET TRIG -- TRIGGERED?

                                         169



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SO, IT'S BEEN KNOWN IN THE PAST

                    SEVERAL MAYORS HAVE ABUSED THIS AND HAVE USED THE BUMPING PROVISION.

                    FOR INSTANCE, WHEN MAYOR GIULIANI WAS MAYOR, THERE WAS A

                    REFERENDUM ON YANKEE STADIUM THE COUNCIL PRESENTED.  HE SIMPLY

                    BUMPED IT BY ADDING HIS OWN REFERENDUM.  THIS WOULD CHANGE IT, AND

                    IN OTHER WORDS, ALLOW BOTH BALLOT MEASURES TO BE ON THE BALLOT, AND THE

                    ONE WITH THE MOST VOTES WOULD -- WOULD PASS, THE MOST VOTERS.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  SO BEING THAT BOTH -- THERE'S A

                    POTENTIAL FOR BOTH PROPOSALS TO BE ON A BALLOT, DO WE THINK THAT MAY BE

                    CONFUSING TO VOTERS?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I DON'T THINK SO.  AND CLEARLY, WE

                    NEED VOTER EDUCATION LIKE MY BILL I JUST PASSED THE OTHER NIGHT ABOUT

                    HAVING A FULL BALLOT MAILED TO VOTERS AND ALSO BE ON LINE 12 DAYS BEFORE

                    EARLY VOTING.  SO PLENTY OF TIME FOR THEM TO READ.  AND CLEARLY, IT'D BE

                    UP TO THOSE WHO PUT IT ON THE BALLOT TO EDUCATE VOTERS.  THIS EMPOWERS

                    VOTERS.  THIS ALSO PREVENTS FROM VOTER REFERENDUM AFTER GETTING TENS OF

                    THOUSANDS OF SIGNATURES TO NOT BE BUMPED OFF SIMPLY BECAUSE THE

                    MAYOR DOESN'T LIKE SOMETHING THAT HAPPENED IN THE PAST UNDER MAYOR

                    BLOOMBERG WHEN THEY TRIED TO PUT A REFERENDUM ON CLASS SIZE.

                                 MR. REILLY:  HMM.  SO I'M THINKING BACK TO OUR

                    PAST.  NOT TOO LONG AGO WE HAD AN ELECTION AND WE HAD ABOUT FIVE

                    PROPOSALS ON A BALLOT, AND THERE WAS A LOT OF MISINFORMATION AND THINGS

                    THAT WERE CONFUSING TO SOME OF OUR -- TO SOME OF THE ELECT -- YOU KNOW,

                    THOSE IN THE ELECTORATE AND THEY -- THERE WAS A SHORTFALL IN THE

                    COMMUNICATION PIECE.  WHAT COULD WE DO TO ENSURE THAT THAT WON'T

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HAPPEN IF THIS BILL PASSES?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION.  I DO THINK IN

                    -- IN THE PRIOR BALLOT PROPOSALS IN THE LAST ELECTION THERE WASN'T ENOUGH

                    INFORMATION OUT THERE FOR VOTERS AND NOT ENOUGH ORGANIZING AROUND

                    INFORMING WHAT THOSE PROVISIONS ACTUALLY DID.  AND THIS IS NOT TO SINGLE

                    OUT ANY MAYOR.  THIS HAS BEEN ABUSED BY MANY MAYORS IN THE PAST.

                    BUT THE LAST PROPOSALS WERE ABOUT GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY, AND I READ

                    THEM SEVERAL TIMES AND EVEN HAD MY PREDECESSOR, WHO'S BEEN THE

                    SPONSOR OF THIS BILL FOR DECADES, WAS CONFUSED ON WHAT THOSE BALLOT

                    MEASURES EVEN MEANT.  AND IT SEEMED THAT THE CURRENT MAYOR USED IT

                    JUST TO BUMP OFF THE CITY COUNCIL PROPOSALS.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO WHAT -- HOW OLD -- HOW OLD IS THIS

                    BILL IN -- HAS -- HAS IT BEEN -- WHEN WAS THE FIRST TIME IT WAS

                    INTRODUCED?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THAT WAS A DIFFERENT FORM OF THIS BILL.

                    THIS BILL ONLY HAS THE BUMPING PROVISION.  THE PRIOR BILL HAD A TIMELINE

                    AS WELL.  SO THIS IS THE FIRST ORIGIN OF THE NEW BILL WHICH ONLY GETS RID OF

                    THE BUMPING PROVISION.  THERE'S NO TIMELINE.

                                 MR. REILLY:  ALL RIGHT.  SO ONE OF THE THINGS THAT

                    CAME TO MIND AS I WAS RESEARCHING THE BILL IS WHEN IT COMES TO, I

                    GUESS, INTEREST GROUPS ADVOCATING FOR THE POSSIBLE PROPOSALS THAT ARE

                    GOING TO BE RIVALING EACH OTHER, IS THERE GOING -- DOES THIS BILL HAVE

                    ANYTHING TO SAFEGUARD HOW THAT HAPPENS?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  COULD YOU REPEAT THAT?  I DIDN'T

                    UNDERSTAND YOUR QUESTION.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO BASICALLY, POLITICIZING THE TWO

                    PROPOSALS.  IS THERE ANYTHING THAT COULD BE PUT IN PLACE TO STREAMLINE

                    WHO'S BEHIND EACH PROPOSAL, WHO'S BACKING THEM?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I -- I -- YEAH.  THIS -- THIS LEGISLATION

                    JUST SAYS IT SHOULDN'T ONLY BE THE MAYOR WHO GETS TO PICK WHAT'S ON THE

                    BALLOT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO IF THIS -- IF THIS IS PASSED AND IT

                    MOVES FORWARD AND GETS SIGNED INTO LAW AND THE -- THE BUMPING RULE IS

                    -- IS NO LONGER IN EXISTENCE, WOULD THAT MEAN THAT THERE'S -- THERE'S

                    POTENTIAL FOR MORE FREQUENT BALLOT QUESTIONS WITHOUT A CHARTER

                    COMMISSION?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SURE.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO HOW OFTEN COULD THAT HAPPEN?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I -- I BELIEVE IT COULD HAPPEN EVERY

                    ELECTION IF THEY HAVE THE SIGNATURES TO GET IT ON THE BALLOT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  HOW OFTEN DO WE HAVE A

                    CHARTER REVISION?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  A LOT.  AS A MATTER OF FACT, MAYORS

                    USE IT NOW TO BUMP OFF OTHER CHARTER COMMISSIONS WORKING ON ISSUES

                    THAT VOTERS CARE ABOUT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  WHAT KIND OF IMPACT COULD IT

                    HAVE ON BOARDS OF ELECTIONS?  FINANCIALLY, WHAT KIND OF IMPACT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THERE'S NO FISCAL IMPACT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  THERE'S NO FISCAL IMPACT AT ALL?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  WE DON'T THINK SO, NO.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. REILLY:  FOR -- WHAT IF THERE'S MULTIPLE

                    PROPOSALS ON A BALLOT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IT'S JUST LIKE NOW, THEY STILL HAVE TO

                    PRESENT ONE BALLOT BY A DEADLINE.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  ALL RIGHT.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 SO GETTING BACK TO WHAT -- WHAT I STARTED WITH EARLIER

                    ABOUT THE TWO PROPOSALS THAT MAY BE CONTRARY TO EACH OTHER, RIGHT?

                    HOW WOULD THAT -- ARE WE GOING TO ENSURE THAT THERE ISN'T A MISTAKE

                    WHERE PEOPLE VOTE FOR BOTH PROPOSALS?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  WELL, IN THE END THE ONE WITH THE

                    MOST AFFIRMATIVE VOTES WOULD PASS AND THE OTHER ONE WOULDN'T.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO IS THERE -- IS -- IN THE BILL IS IT

                    GONNA BE DELINEATED THAT THERE HAS TO BE A COLUMN A, COLUMN B?  OR

                    WHAT IF THERE'S THREE PROPOSALS?  HOW WILL WE --

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THAT'S ALREADY EXISTING STATE LAW.

                                 MR. REILLY:  HOW -- HOW DOES THAT WORK NOW?

                                 (CONFERENCING)

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IT -- IT SIMPLY SAYS THE PROVISIONS JUST

                    APPEAR ON THE BALLOT IF THEY'VE GOT ENOUGH SIGNATURES TO APPEAR ON THE

                    BALLOT, AND THEN WHICHEVER GETS MORE VOTES PASSES.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO IF EVERY VOTER WALKS IN AND VOTES

                    ON, SAY THERE'S THREE PROPOSALS, RIGHT?  ONE AND TWO ARE CONTRADICTING

                    EACH OTHER AND THERE'S A THIRD, AND ALL THREE PROPOSALS GET THE SAME

                    AMOUNT OF VOTES.  WHAT HAPPENS?

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I MEAN, IT COULD -- IT WOULD PROBABLY

                    GO TO COURT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  ALL RIGHT.

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IF IT WAS TIED, BUT THE CHANCES OF THAT

                    ARE -- IT HASN'T HAPPENED YET.

                                 MR. REILLY:  BECAUSE I'M THINKING ABOUT THE LAST

                    TIME WE'VE HAD THE FIVE PROPOSALS.  THERE WASN'T ANYTHING THAT REALLY

                    WENT AGAINST EACH OTHER, RIGHT?  SO IS THERE -- THAT'S THE -- THAT'S THE

                    PIECE THAT'S VERY CONFUSING, RIGHT, THAT NOW WE'RE GONNA HAVE

                    CONTRADICTING PROPOSALS.  IT COULD CONFUSE THE ELECTORATE.

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SURE.  THAT'S WHY YOU NEED MORE

                    VOTER EDUCATION, LIKE MY BILL TO PUT THE BALLOTS OUT 12 DAYS BEFORE.

                                 MR. REILLY:  ALL RIGHT.  IS THERE ANY FUNDING FOR --

                    FOR THAT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IS THERE WHAT?

                                 MR. REILLY:  IS THERE FUNDING FOR THAT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THERE'S NO FISCAL IMPACT FOR THAT,

                    EITHER, BECAUSE RIGHT NOW THEY HAVE TO TRANSMIT CANDIDATE INFORMATION

                    BEFORE A CERTAIN TIME.  THE BILL THAT PASSED THE OTHER NIGHT ABOUT THE

                    12-DAY NOTIFICATION JUST CLARIFIES THAT THAT'S 12 DAYS BEFORE EARLY VOTING.

                    WE JUST CHANGED IT FOR FOLKS TO KNOW THAT IT HAS TO BE IN TIME FOR THE

                    STATE BOARD OF ELECTIONS 12 DAYS PRIOR TO GIVE MORE TIME SO VOTERS CAN

                    READ THE BALLOT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO IF WE HAVE MULTIPLE PROPOSALS AND

                    THEY'RE CONTRADICTORY, YOU DON'T THINK THERE'S A FISCAL IMPACT TO BOARDS

                                         174



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    OF ELECTIONS OR...

                                 MR. SIMONE:  NO, BECAUSE NOW MAYORS CAN HAVE

                    MULTIPLE PROPOSALS NOW, ALREADY.

                                 MR. REILLY:  WOULD THERE BE CONTRADICTING

                    PROPOSALS ON THAT IF A MAYOR PUTS IT OUT FROM A -- FROM A CHARTER

                    REVISION COMMISSION?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I MEAN, IT JUST GIVES THE VOTERS MORE

                    CHOICE.  SO IF THE MAYOR PUTS CONTRADICTING PROPOSALS, THE VOTERS NEED

                    TO EDUCATE THEMSELVES ON WHICH PROPOSAL THEY PREFER.

                                 MR. REILLY:  HAS A MAYOR EVER DONE THAT IN THE

                    HISTORY OF NEW YORK STATE?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IT'S A -- IT'S A LONG HISTORY.  WE CAN

                    GET BACK TO YOU ON THAT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  ALL RIGHT.  IN RECENT -- IN MODERN

                    HISTORY, HAVE YOU -- LET'S GO BACK TO 2005 WHEN A VERSION OF THIS BILL,

                    RIGHT, WAS INTRODUCED.  HAS THERE EVER BEEN A CHARTER COMMISSION THAT

                    PUT ON TWO PROPOSALS THAT ACTUALLY CONTRADICTED EACH OTHER?

                                 (CONFERENCING)

                                 MR. SIMONE:  IT'S A STATEWIDE BILL, SO I CAN'T SPEAK

                    TO EVERY CITY IF THEY'VE DONE THAT OR NOT.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  ALL RIGHT.  SO IS THERE -- IS

                    THERE ANYTHING THAT COULD BE DONE TO ENSURE THAT A CLEAR, DELINEATED

                    METHOD AND PROCESS FOR OUR BOARD OF ELECTIONS TO FOLLOW SO WE COULD

                    REDUCE AND MAKE IT MORE CLEAR FOR VOTERS?  I KNOW THAT YOU MENTIONED

                    THAT EARLIER A LITTLE BIT.  CAN YOU GO INTO A LITTLE BIT MORE DEPTH ON THAT?

                                         175



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THERE'S A CLEAR -- CLEAR PROCESS NOW,

                    BUT CLEARLY WE'RE OPEN TO CLARIFY FURTHER IN THE NEW LEGISLATION IF WE

                    MADE -- MAKE IT CLEARER.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO JUST TO GIVE US A LITTLE BASELINE OF

                    WHAT THAT MAY ENTAIL, CAN YOU GIVE US AN EXAMPLE?  JUST ANY -- ANY

                    IDEAS THERE?

                                 (CONFERENCING)

                                 MR. SIMONE:  WE'LL ENACT THIS BILL FIRST AND SEE IF

                    IT'S SIGNED, AND THEN WE CAN GO BACK AND AMEND IT IF WE FEEL THERE'S

                    FURTHER CONFUSION.

                                 MR. REILLY:  OKAY.  THANK YOU, MR. SIMONE.

                                 MR. SIMONE:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. REILLY:  MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL, PLEASE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. REILLY:  SO -- SO I THINK PART OF THE -- THE ISSUE

                    IS THAT THERE'S NO REAL CLARITY OF HOW WE'RE GONNA DELINEATE WHEN THERE'S

                    MULTIPLE PROPOSALS ON A BALLOT, POTENTIALLY, THAT CONTRADICT EACH OTHER.

                    AND WE'RE ALWAYS TALKING ABOUT MAKING SURE THAT WE GIVE THE BENEFIT

                    OF THE DOUBT TO VOTERS AND WE -- WE MAKE THINGS CLEAR TO THEM.  I THINK

                    THIS -- THIS SPECIFIC PIECE OF LEGISLATION MAY BE MUDDYING THE WATER

                    THERE.  AND I THINK WE SHOULD JUST TAKE SOME TIME TO -- TO REALLY LOOK AT

                    THIS AND SEE HOW MAYBE POTENTIALLY COMING UP WITH A PLAN WHERE I'VE

                    HEARD IN DISCUSSIONS THAT WE HAVE MULTIPLE PEOPLE IN CITIES -- IN CITY

                    GOVERNMENT APPOINT PEOPLE TO A COMMISSION AND GET TO A POINT WHERE

                    POSSIBLY THEY COME UP WITH A CHARTER REVISION COMMITTEE WHERE YOU

                                         176



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    GIVE MAYBE THE CITY COUNCIL, A MAYOR, IN NEW YORK CITY MAYBE THE

                    BOROUGH PRESIDENTS, THE OPPORTUNITY TO PUT SOMEONE ON THAT

                    COMMISSION.  SO THEN YOU GET A MORE FAIR AND BALANCED LEGISLATIVE

                    PROCESS AND INTRODUCE IT TO THE VOTERS.  SO I'M HOPING THAT MAYBE THAT

                    DISCUSSION CAN CONTINUE.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                    WOULD THE SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  THANK YOU, MR. SIMONE.  I JUST

                    -- JUST TO -- FOR CLARITY PURPOSES.

                                 SO WITHOUT THE ENACTMENT OF THIS LEGISLATION, WHEN THE

                    CHARTER REVISION COMMISSION MAKES SOME KIND OF RECOMMENDATION,

                    THAT RECOMMEND -- THAT POTENTIAL BALLOT QUESTION WOULD BE THE ONLY ONE

                    THAT WOULD SHOW UP ON THAT BALLOT, CORRECT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  AND WITH THIS LAW THAT YOU'RE

                    TRYING TO PASS TONIGHT, IT WOULD ALLOW FOR POTENTIALLY MULTIPLE QUEST --

                    BALLOT QUESTIONS TO BE APPEAR ON A BALLOT, CORRECT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  CORRECT.  AND THAT -- CURRENTLY, THE

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    MAYOR CAN PUT SEVERAL PROPOSALS AT ONCE.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  BUT THIS, MR. SIMONE, WOULD

                    ALSO ALLOW OTHER ENTITIES BEYOND THE MAYOR TO SUBMIT QUESTIONS,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  YES.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  INCLUDING THE NEW YORK CITY

                    COUNCIL?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  NOW, THIS IS A LAW, OBVIOUSLY,

                    THAT AFFECTS THE ENTIRE STATE.  BUT YOU YOURSELF, MR. SIMONE, REPRESENT

                    MANHATTAN.

                                 MR. SIMONE:  CORRECT.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  CORRECT?  SO IS IT FAIR TO SAY THAT

                    YOU HAD NEW YORK CITY IN MIND TONIGHT IN PASSING THIS LEGISLATION?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  YES, BECAUSE PRIOR MAYORS HAVE

                    ABUSED THIS POWER.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  SAY THAT AGAIN?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  BECAUSE PRIOR MAYORS IN NEW YORK

                    CITY HAVE ABUSED THE BUMPING POWER.  IT ONLY ACTUALLY EXISTED AFTER

                    1958 BECAUSE OF THE TAMMANY HALL DISPUTE.  IT WASN'T MEANT TO BE

                    PERMANENT.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.  SO IT LED ME TO MY OTHER

                    QUESTION, WHICH IS WHAT LED YOU TO THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION TONIGHT,

                    WHICH YOU JUST ANSWERED.  CAN YOU PLEASE ELABORATE IN INSTANCES WHERE

                    YOU HAVE YOURSELF HAVE SEEN THAT ABUSE?

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SURE.  WHAT LED THIS -- MY

                    PREDECESSOR CARRIED THIS BILL, DICK GOTTFRIED, ALONG WITH SENATOR LIZ

                    KRUEGER IN THE SENATE.  BASICALLY, WE DON'T THINK IT'S EVER A WRONG TIME

                    TO ENSURE THAT THERE'S A BALANCE OF POWER.  THE MAYOR CLEARLY IN NEW

                    YORK CITY HAS MUCH MORE POWER THAN THE CITY COUNCIL.  BUT WE'VE

                    SEEN IT BE ABUSED WHERE THERE'S BEEN ACTUAL LEGITIMATE SUBSTANTIVE

                    PROPOSALS BY THE CITY COUNCIL, THE MAYOR JUST BUMPS, FOR INSTANCE,

                    RECENTLY, ABOUT CONFIRMING COMMISSIONERS LIKE CONGRESS DOES AND

                    STATE LEGISLATURES DO, AND THE CURRENT MAYOR JUST BUMPED THAT BECAUSE

                    HE DIDN'T LIKE IT.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.  SO THIS IS BASICALLY IN

                    RESPONSE TO THE ACTIONS OF THE CURRENT MAYOR, MAYOR ADAMS?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  NO.  IT'S NOT IN RESPONSE TO ANY ONE

                    MAYOR.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.  BUT YOU JUST REFERENCED

                    CERTAIN ACTIONS THAT OCCURRED.  WERE YOU REFERRING TO THE ACTIONS OF

                    MAYOR ADAMS?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SURE.  IT WAS AN EXAMPLE OF HOW THEY

                    USE THE BUMPING PROVISION.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  AND WHEN YOU ARE REFERRING TO

                    THESE EXAMPLES, ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT THE CURRENT COMMISSION THAT IS

                    CURRENTLY IN PLACE AND CURRENTLY ACTIVE?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I AM NOT.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  YOU'RE NOT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  NO.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.

                                 OBVIOUSLY WE HAVE ELECTIONS COMING UP IN NEW YORK

                    CITY, MR. SIMONE, CORRECT?  AND WE STILL DON'T KNOW AT THIS POINT WHO

                    THE NEW MAYOR, POTENTIALLY, OF NEW YORK CITY WILL BE COME JANUARY,

                    IS THAT RIGHT?  SO WHAT LAW YOU PASS TODAY WILL AFFECT WHOEVER THAT

                    INDIVIDUAL MAY BE THAT' ELECTED THE NEXT MAYOR, WHETHER IT'S MAYOR

                    ADAMS OR ANYONE ELSE.

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SO IT WOULD DEPEND ON WHEN THE

                    GOVERNOR SIGNS IT.  SHE WOULD HAVE TO SIGN IT THIS SUMMER.  THIS MOST

                    LIKELY WOULDN'T GO INTO EFFECT UNTIL 2026.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.

                                 WAS THE OFFICE OF THE MAYOR IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  WE HAVEN'T HEARD FROM THEM.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.  WELL, IT'S FAIR TO SAY THAT

                    THEY ARE NOT, RIGHT, MR. SIMONE?  OKAY.  IS THE CONFERENCE OF MAYORS

                    IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  I HAVEN'T TALKED TO THEM EITHER.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.  ARE YOU AWARE THAT THEY

                    CAME OUT AGAINST THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION, STATING THAT ALLOWING

                    MULTIPLE CHARTER AMENDMENTS TO BE PLACED ON THE SAME BALLOT WOULD BE

                    USED BY SOME AS POLITICAL OPPONENTS TO SABOTAGE PROPOSED CHARTER

                    AMENDMENTS BY CREATING CONFUSION ABOUT SUCH AMENDMENTS THAT A

                    MAJORITY OF THE CITY'S RESIDENTS WOULD OTHER -- OTHERWISE SUPPORT?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  LOOK, I HAVE FAITH IN THE VOTERS.  I

                                         180



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    REPRESENT A VERY EDUCATED ELECTORATE.  IT'S CLEAR WHEN I READ THE LAST

                    BALLOT MEASURES AND MY HUSBAND, WHO'S NOT POLITICALLY ACTIVE AS I AM,

                    BUT A PRETTY SMART GUY, THAT THOSE BALLOT MEASURES THAT WERE PUT ON BY

                    THIS CURRENT MAYOR, AS PREVIOUS MAYORS, SIMPLY TO BUMP WHAT THE CITY

                    COUNCIL WAS TRYING TO PUSH, REPRESENTING THEIR CONSTITUENTS.  I THINK IN

                    A TRUE DEMOCRACY YOU SHOULD EXPAND MORE OPTIONS FOR FOLKS TO PUT ON

                    THE BALLOT, NOT LESS.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  OKAY.  THREW ME OFF.

                                 (LAUGHTER)

                                 MR. SIMONE:  HAPPY COLLEAGUE.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  SO -- OKAY.  SO JUST TO BE -- AND

                    -- AND I -- BUT I JUST WANT TO BE CLEAR, AND I APPRECIATE YOUR RESPONSES.

                    THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION, YOU WOULD ADMIT, LIMITS THE POWERS OF THE

                    MAYOR?

                                 MR. SIMONE:  SURE.  AND I THINK THE -- IT WOULD --

                    THE MAYOR OF NEW YORK CITY SPECIFICALLY, AS AN EXAMPLE, STILL HAS A

                    MUCH UNBALANCED, MUCH MORE POWER THAN THE CITY COUNCIL.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  ALL RIGHT.  THANK YOU SO MUCH

                    FOR YOUR TIME.

                                 ON THE BILL, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. TANNOUSIS:  THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION IS A

                    DIRECT RESPONSE TO CERTAIN EVENTS THAT ARE OCCURRING IN THE CITY OF NEW

                    YORK, INCLUDING THE CURRENT CHARTER REVISION COMMISSION THAT IS

                    PARTAKING IN NEW YORK CITY.  I HAVE MADE NO BONES ABOUT THE FACT THAT

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SOMETIMES I HAPPEN TO AGREE WITH CERTAIN THINGS WITH THE MAYOR,

                    SOMETIMES I CERTAINLY DO NOT AGREE WITH THE MAYOR.  AND I CERTAINLY

                    DID NOT HAVE A GREAT RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRIOR MAYOR, PRIOR TO THIS

                    MAYOR, MAYOR DE BLASIO.  PUTTING THAT ASIDE, I THINK THAT THIS PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION IS CONFUSING.  AND I THINK THERE IS A REASON WHY THE MAYOR

                    OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, NO MATTER WHO THAT PERSON MAY BE, HAS

                    CERTAIN POWERS VESTED IN HIM OR HER.  AND I DO NOT BELIEVE THAT

                    STRENGTHENING, POTENTIALLY, OTHER ENTITIES SUCH AS THE NEW YORK CITY

                    COUNCIL AND PUTTING -- GIVING THEM THIS AMOUNT OF POWER IN TERMS OF

                    PUTTING A POTENTIAL BALLOT IN FRONT OF THE VOTERS EVEN KEEL WITH THE

                    MAYOR OF NEW YORK I THINK IS A GOOD IDEA IN TERMS OF HOW NEW YORK

                    CITY IS RUN, HOW NEW YORK CITY GOVERNMENT OPERATES.

                                 I WILL BE VOTING AGAINST THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION.

                    THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. WEPRIN.

                                 MR. WEPRIN:  ON THE BILL, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. WEPRIN:  I SERVED IN THE NEW YORK CITY

                    COUNCIL FROM 2002 THROUGH 2009.  AND WE HAD MANY VERY VALID, VERY

                    GOOD PROPOSALS IN THE CITY COUNCIL, AND EVERY ONE OF THEM WAS

                    BUMPED BY AT THE -- BY MAYOR BLOOMBERG AT THE TIME.  BUT THEY WERE

                    NOT FOR SUBSTANTIVE REASONS.  THEY WERE DONE TO -- JUST TO NOT ALLOW OUR

                    PROPOSALS TO BE AIRED.

                                 THIS IS A VERY DEMOCRATIC PROPOSAL.  IT ALLOWS FOR

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VOTER INPUT TO -- TO A WIDE VARIETY, AND I THINK THAT THIS IS SOMETHING

                    THAT WE -- WE CAN USE STATEWIDE, BUT CERTAINLY IT'S SOMETHING THAT IS A

                    DEMOCRATIC PROPOSAL TO ALLOW MANY, MANY DIFFERENT PROPOSALS TO BE

                    AIRED AND BE VOTED ON BY THE VOTERS.

                                 SO I STRONGLY SUPPORT THIS BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. YEGER.

                                 MR. YEGER:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I, TOO, SERVED ON THE NEW YORK CITY COUNCIL --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ARE YOU ON THE BILL,

                    SIR?

                                 MR. YEGER:  ON THE BILL, MADAM.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. YEGER:  I, TOO, SERVED ON THE NEW YORK CITY

                    COUNCIL.  NOT AS LONG AS THE PREVIOUS SPEAKER, SLIGHTLY SHORTER, BUT ALSO

                    AT A DIFFERENT TIME AND A DIFFERENT MOMENT.  AND I THINK IT'S FAIR TO SAY

                    THAT THE COUNCIL THAT THE GENTLEMAN SERVED IN HAD A REPUTATION OF BEING

                    SLIGHTLY MORE RESPONSIBLE THAN THE COUNCIL THAT I LEFT.  THERE'S A REASON

                    -- OF COURSE, THERE'S A REASON THAT THE MAYOR, IS A PROPHYLACTIC MEASURE,

                    A STOPGAP, A FINGER IN THE DAM, TO STOP THE INSANITY OF THE CITY COUNCIL

                    WHEN IT WANTS TO DO SOMETHING TO DESTROY NEW YORK CITY, WHICH HAS

                    BEEN ITS POSITION AS A GENERAL RULE FOR THE LAST SEVERAL YEARS.  AND IT'S

                    NOT NECESSARILY ANTI-DEMOCRATIC TO HAVE A CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER BE

                    ABLE TO PRESIDE OVER A CITY AND STOP BAD THINGS FROM HAPPENING.  I THINK

                    THAT'S WHAT WE EXPECT OF THE MAYOR.  THE CITY COUNCIL CAN PASS

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    LEGISLATION, CAN SEND IT TO THE MAYOR FOR SIGNATURE.  HE CAN APPROVE IT,

                    HE CAN VETO IT, JUST LIKE WHAT WE HAVE UP HERE, AND THEN THE COUNCIL

                    CAN OVERRIDE, WHICH IN THE TIME OF THE GENTLEMAN, THAT WAS DONE AND

                    ALSO IN THE TIME THAT I LEFT THE COUNCIL THAT WAS DONE.  SO THERE IS

                    DEMOCRACY, IF YOU WILL.  BUT YOU DO NEED TO HAVE A TIEBREAKER WHEN

                    THE COUNCIL, AS IT WILL AND AS IS ITS WAY, DOES SOMETHING IRRESPONSIBLE.

                    YOU GOTTA HAVE A GUY WHO SAYS THERE'S A WAY TO STOP IT.  THAT'S WHY WE

                    HAVE THE BUMPING PROVISION IN THE STATUTE IN NEW YORK STATE LAW, SO

                    THAT MUNICIPALITIES CAN'T JUST HAVE CHAOS.  AND THEY CAN'T JUST HAVE

                    ANYTHING PUT ON THE BALLOT WHENEVER.  THERE HAS TO BE A TIEBREAKER, AN

                    UMPIRE.  AND THE STATUTE WAS DESIGNED TO CREATE THE UMPIRE POSITION

                    AND GIVE IT TO THE MAYOR.  I DON'T THINK RIGHT NOW, AT THIS TIME, GIVEN

                    THE CURRENT CITY COUNCIL THAT WE HAVE AND PERHAPS IF THE MAYOR IS A

                    DIFFERENT MAYOR NEXT YEAR, WE MAY HAVE A DIFFERENT CONVERSATION AND I

                    MAY HAVE CHANGED MY POSITION.  BUT AS IT STANDS RIGHT NOW WITH THIS

                    CITY COUNCIL AND THIS MAYOR, THIS PROVISION AND STATUTE, WE NEED IT.

                    WE NEED IT IN NEW YORK CITY.  AS A NEW YORK CITY RESIDENT, I'M

                    TELLING YOU, IT'S SOMETHING THAT I NEED, SOMETHING THAT MY CONSTITUENTS

                    NEED.  I'M GLAD IT'S THERE AND I HAVE TO VOTE NO ON THIS BILL.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. CARROLL.

                                 MR. R. CARROLL:  ON THE BILL, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. R. CARROLL:  THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                         184



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 CLEARLY, THERE'S AN ISSUE IN NEW YORK CITY WHEN IT

                    COMES TO BALLOT PROPOSALS.  IT IS IMPOSSIBLE FOR THE COUNCIL OR FOR

                    AVERAGE CITIZENS TO PUT A MEANINGFUL PROPOSAL FORWARD TO THE VOTERS.

                    WE HAVE THAT POWER HERE IN THIS HOUSE AND ACROSS THE HALLWAY IN THE

                    SENATE.  WE SHOULD MAKE SURE THAT THERE IS A WAY FOR THE VOTERS OF

                    NEW YORK CITY AND FOR THE NEW YORK CITY COUNCIL TO HAVE THAT SAME

                    POWER AND TO BE ABLE TO PERFORM THEIR OWN CIVIC DUTY.

                                 THAT BEING SAID, I DO THINK THERE IS VAGUENESS IN THIS

                    BILL.  AND THERE NEEDS TO BE SOME STRICTER GUIDELINES TO MAKE SURE THAT

                    THERE'S SOME RULES OF THE ROAD SO THAT WE DO NOT CONFUSE VOTERS, WE DO

                    NOT HAVE BALLOT INITIATIVES THAT RUN IN THE DOZENS.

                                 THAT BEING SAID, I STILL AM IN FAVOR OF THIS BILL AND I

                    WILL BE VOTING FOR IT AND I LOOK FORWARD TO WORKING WITH THE SPONSOR,

                    WORKING WITH ADVOCATES AND EVERYONE HERE TO MAKE SURE THAT WE

                    PERFECT IT IN THE FUTURE.  BUT I SUPPORT THIS PROPOSAL AND I HOPE THE

                    OTHER MEMBERS OF THIS BODY DO THE SAME.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. GLICK.

                                 MS. GLICK:  THANK YOU, MS. [SIC] SPEAKER.  THE

                    MEASURE BEFORE US --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL?

                                 MS. GLICK:  ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MS. GLICK:  THE MEASURE BEFORE US IS IMPORTANT.

                                         185



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WE HAVE HAD PRIOR MAYORS, I WOULD SAY, ALMOST ABUSE THIS, THEIR ABILITY

                    TO PUT THINGS ON THE BALLOT BY BUMPING OTHER MEASURES THAT WERE PUT BY

                    THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PEOPLE, THE COUNCIL, TO GET THEM OFF THE -- OFF

                    THE BALLOT.  IN ADDITION, IN THE LAST FEW YEARS THE CURRENT MAYOR HAS

                    ENGAGED IN A PROCESS OF PUTTING MEASURES -- COMMISSIONS TOGETHER TO

                    PUT MEASURES ON THE BALLOT IN A WAY THAT IS TOTALLY ANTITHETICAL TO WHAT

                    HAD HAPPENED IN THE PAST.  THERE WOULD BE A CHARTER COMMISSION

                    REVISION.  THERE WOULD BE PRESENTATIONS TO EVERY COMMUNITY BOARD.

                    QUESTIONS COULD BE ASKED AT THE COMMUNITY BOARDS.  THIS HAS BEEN

                    THREE HEARINGS IN THE DEAD OF THE SUMMER WHEN NOBODY IS AROUND, WITH

                    VERY LITTLE NOTICE, AND ALMOST AN IMPOSSIBILITY TO FIND OUT INFORMATION

                    ABOUT WHERE AND WHEN THEY WERE HAPPENING.

                                 SO THIS HAS BEEN AN EXECUTIVE OVERREACH THAT NEEDS

                    SOME COUNTERWEIGHT.  SO I APPRECIATE MY COLLEAGUE BRINGING FORTH --

                    FORTH THIS BILL TO RESTORE A LITTLE BIT OF CHECKS AND BALANCES WHICH WE

                    SEE ACROSS THE COUNTRY BEING ERODED BY HIGH-HANDED EXECUTIVES FROM

                    WASHINGTON TO NEW YORK CITY.

                                 SO I APPRECIATE THE BALLOT INITIATIVE DISCUSSION, BUT I

                    HAVE CONFIDENCE THAT THE WAY IN WHICH THE BILL HAS BEEN DRAFTED AND

                    THE FACT THAT PEOPLE WILL BE ABLE TO ENGAGE, PERHAPS, A LITTLE BIT MORE

                    THAN WHAT HAS HAPPENED UNDER THE CURRENT MAYOR THAT WE WILL SEE MORE

                    DEMOCRATIC INPUT UNDER THIS MEASURE THAN WE HAVE SEEN IN THE LAST

                    NUMBER OF YEARS UNDER THE CURRENT MAYOR.

                                 I URGE A YES VOTE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                         186



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. LASHER.

                                 MR. LASHER:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. LASHER:  I APPRECIATE THE SPONSOR'S GOOD WORK

                    ON THIS BILL, AND I SHARE SOME OF THE CONCERNS THAT HAVE BEEN EXPRESSED

                    WITH REGARD TO THE WAY THAT MAYORS OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK HAVE USED

                    THEIR BUMPING POWER IN WAYS THAT MAY NOT BE IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST.

                                 I THINK IT IS A HARD THING TO KNOW WHETHER AT ANY GIVEN

                    TIME A MAYOR OR A CITY COUNCIL IS GOING TO BE MORE OR LESS RESPONSIBLE,

                    AND I THINK IT'S HARD TO LEGISLATE ON THAT BASIS.  BUT I DO HAVE SOME

                    CONCERNS ABOUT THE BILL, NONETHELESS.  FIRST, I THINK THAT THE WAY THAT

                    THE CURRENT LAW THAT THIS BILL WOULD AMEND DEALS WITH THE PROSPECT OF

                    CONFLICTING AMENDMENTS BASICALLY SAYS WHICHEVER -- WHICHEVER

                    PROPOSAL GETS THE MORE VOTES, THAT ONE PREVAILS.  THAT SUGGESTS THAT

                    YOU'RE GONNA HAVE MULTIPLE PROPOSALS THAT ARE SORT OF DIRECTLY

                    COMPETING.  THAT IT'S EITHER A OR B.  BUT THE REALITY IS THAT YOU'RE

                    PROBABLY GONNA HAVE PROPOSALS THAT ARE SORT OF MORE COMPLEXLY

                    CLASHING WITH ONE ANOTHER.  MAYBE AMENDING THE SAME PART OF

                    GOVERNMENT IN SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT WAYS.  AND THE NOTION OF HOW A COURT

                    WOULD SORT THAT OUT, WE HAVEN'T TESTED IT BECAUSE WE HAVEN'T HAD THIS

                    PROBLEM BECAUSE OF THE BUMPING PROVISION.  AND I THINK WHEN YOU GET

                    RID OF THAT, I THINK WE ARE GONNA ENTER INTO A WORLD OF LITIGATION OVER

                    VERY SERIOUS ISSUES AND IT'S GONNA -- THAT'S NOT GONNA BE GREAT.

                                 THE -- MY BIGGER CONCERN IS THAT WHETHER OR NOT THE

                                         187



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    COUNCIL OR THE MAYOR IS MORE RESPONSIBLE AT ANY GIVEN POINT, WHAT THIS

                    BILL WILL HAVE THE EFFECT OF IS MORE REFERENDA.  AND I THINK THAT THE

                    EXPERIENCE, CERTAINLY IN CALIFORNIA, I DON'T THINK THE PEOPLE OF

                    CALIFORNIA -- I'M NOT AN EXPERT ON CALIFORNIA GOVERNANCE, BUT HAVE

                    BENEFITTED A GREAT DEAL FROM THEIR CONSTANT BACK-AND-FORTH BATTLING

                    REFERENDA ONE YEAR TO THE NEXT, PASSING THINGS, REPEALING THEM, IT'S NOT

                    -- THAT HAS NOT BEEN HEALTHY FOR DEMOCRACY THERE.  AND SO WITHOUT

                    KNOWING WHETHER A MAYOR IS GOING TO BE MORE OR LESS RESPONSIBLE AT

                    ANY GIVEN POINT, THE NOTION THAT WE'RE JUST GONNA OPEN THE APERTURE AND

                    KIND OF ENCOURAGE MORE REFERENDA -- AND WE'VE SEEN THAT, BY THE WAY.

                    WE'VE SEEN VERY WEALTHY PEOPLE IN NEW YORK CITY BUY THEIR WAY ONTO

                    THE BALLOT.  THAT'S HOW WE GOT TERM LIMITS IN NEW YORK CITY.  I -- I JUST

                    -- I -- IT'S JUST NOT -- IT DOESN'T SEEM GREAT TO ME.

                                 SO WITH APPRECIATION THAT THERE ARE REAL PROBLEMS THAT

                    THIS BILL IS TRYING TO ADDRESS, I WORRY THAT IT WILL CREATE MORE PROBLEMS

                    THAN IT SOLVES.  AND SO I WILL BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  GOOD EVENING, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PARTICULAR PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION.  BUT ANY YES VOTES CAN BE CAST AT THE DESK NOW.

                                         188



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, THE

                    MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION;

                    HOWEVER, THERE MAY BE SOME THAT WOULD DESIRE TO BE AN EXCEPTION.

                    THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO DO SO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MR. YEGER TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. YEGER:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I THINK THE LAST SPEAKER HAD IT RIGHT.  NEW YORK CITY

                    SHOULDN'T BECOME CALIFORNIA.  AND WE'RE AT A CROSSROADS IN THE CITY.

                    IT'S THE CITY I LOVE, IT'S THE CITY I GREW UP IN.  AND IT'S A CITY THAT HAS HAD

                    ITS INCREDIBLE CHALLENGES FOR THE LAST SEVERAL YEARS, AND PARTICULARLY THE

                    LAST TWO OR THREE.

                                 THIS WILL LEAD TO MORE CHAOS IN OUR CITY.  AND I'M

                    ASKING FOLKS WHO, MAYBE YOU DON'T CARE BECAUSE YOU'RE NOT A NEW

                    YORK CITY RESIDENT.  MAYBE THIS IS NOT YOUR -- YOUR THING.  AND YOU

                    DEFER TO THE SPONSOR WHO IS, AND THAT MAKES SENSE AND I GET IT.  THEN

                    THERE ARE OTHER SPONSORS WHO ARE NEW YORK CITY RESIDENTS.  I'M ASKING

                    YOU TO DEFER TO -- AS YOU SEE ON THE BOARD THERE ARE SOME NEW YORK

                    CITY RESIDENTS WHO ARE SEEING IT THE OTHER WAY.  GIVE US A CHANCE TO TRY

                    TO KEEP WHAT'S LEFT OF THIS CITY THAT -- THAT WE LIVE IN FROM -- FROM

                                         189



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    COMPLETELY FALLING TO THE GROUND, AND THIS IS ONE OF THE FEW WAYS WE

                    CAN.  ONE OFFICE HOLDER THAT -- THE FINGER IN THE DAM AND STOP THE CHAOS

                    OF A RUNAWAY CITY COUNCIL THAT IS HIGHLY, HIGHLY INTENT ON BURNING THE

                    PLACE TO THE GROUND.

                                 PLEASE, PLEASE HELP US SAVE OUR CITY.  THANK YOU VERY

                    MUCH.  I'LL BE VOTING NO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. YEGER IN THE

                    NEGATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 18, RULES REPORT NO. 480, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00536-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 480, PAULIN, SEPTIMO, MAGNARELLI, JACOBSON, MCDONOUGH,

                    DESTEFANO, DURSO, K. BROWN, WEPRIN, SANTABARBARA.  AN ACT TO AMEND

                    THE INSURANCE LAW, IN RELATION TO SUMMARIES OF READABLE AND

                    UNDERSTANDABLE INSURANCE POLICIES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. PAULIN.

                                 MS. PAULIN:  OF COURSE.  THIS BILL REQUIRES INSURERS

                    TO PROVIDE AUTO AND HOMEOWNERS POLICY HONERS -- HOLDERS WITH A

                    SUMMARY DOCUMENT SUMMARIZING COVERAGE IF ASKED.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. GANDOLFO.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                         190



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WOULD THE SPONSOR PLEASE YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  YES, OF COURSE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  SO I GUESS MY FIRST QUESTION IS,

                    THIS NEW DISCLOSURE THAT WE WOULD BE REQUIRING FROM THE INSURANCE

                    CARRIERS.  HOW EXACTLY DOES IT DIFFER FROM A DECLARATIONS PAGE THAT YOU

                    WOULD FIND IN A POLICY?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  WELL, I WILL SAY, YOU KNOW, I THINK IT'S

                    IMPORTANT TO POINT OUT WHO BROUGHT THIS TO MY ATTENTION, AND THAT IS THE

                    DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF THE DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE RIGHT BEFORE IT

                    WAS CHANGED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF -- DFS, BECAUSE HE WAS PARTLY

                    RESPONSIBLE FOR LOOKING AT ALL OF THOSE DECLARATIONS AND REALIZED THAT

                    THEY WERE, YOU KNOW -- I DON'T KNOW WHETHER -- IT'S REALLY EVEN HARD TO

                    SEE EVEN WITH MY GLASSES AND READ THEM AND VERY CONFUSING.  THEY GO

                    ON FOR PAGES.  AND AT A GLANCE IT'S VERY HARD FOR SOMEONE TO -- EVEN

                    THOUGH WE PASSED A LAW TO ENSURE THAT IT WOULD BE CLEARER, IT'S STILL NOT

                    CLEAR.  AND IN HIS VIEW, THE ONLY WAY WE WERE GONNA BE PROVIDING

                    INFORMATION TO CONSUMERS WAS TO BE GIVING A -- A SUMMARY -- YOU

                    KNOW, WE'RE VERY SPECIFIC IN THE BILL WITH WHAT THAT SUMMARY WOULD

                    INCLUDE -- IN LARGE PRINT AND TO BE GIVEN SEPARATELY SO SOMEONE AT A

                    GLANCE COULD SEE WHAT IS THE COVERAGE, WHAT IS -- WHAT IS NOT IN THE

                    COVERAGE.  AND -- AND IT'S A LIMITED DOCUMENT THAT WOULD BE VERY CLEAR.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  SO I GUESS IT'S MORE -- YOU

                                         191



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WOULD SAY IT'S MORE SIMPLIFIED THAN THE DECLARATIONS PAGE?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  YEAH, IT'S A SUMMARY.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  BECAUSE MY UNDERSTANDING IS

                    THAT THAT INFORMATION IS ALREADY IN THE DECLARATIONS PAGE.

                                 MS. PAULIN:  I DON'T DISAGREE THAT IT'S -- IT'S MOST

                    OFTEN IN THE DECLARATIONS, IT'S JUST HARD TO FIND.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  SO JUST FROM YOUR

                    COMMENTS, IS IT MORE OF AN ISSUE OF, I GUESS, READABILITY, FONT, OR IS IT

                    JUST ARE CONSUMERS FINDING THAT DECLARATIONS PAGES JUST AREN'T EASY TO

                    FOLLOW?  IS THAT --

                                 MS. PAULIN:  I THINK IT'S IMPORTANT, YOU KNOW -- -

                    YOU KNOW, WHEN -- WHEN YOU BUY A NEW HOME YOU GET HOMEOWNERS

                    INSURANCE.  BUT YOU DON'T REALLY KNOW WHAT YOU'RE GETTING.  YOU CALL UP

                    AN INSURANT [SIC] AGENT -- INSURANCE AGENT AND YOU GET A POLICY THAT THEY

                    RECOMMEND, AND YOU USUALLY JUST BUY IT.  BUT YOU REALLY DON'T KNOW,

                    YOU KNOW, WHAT THE KEY ELEMENTS ARE, AND THEN HOPEFULLY YOU DON'T

                    HAVE A -- A -- EVER AN OCCASION TO USE IT.  BUT IF YOU SAW AT A GLANCE, FOR

                    EXAMPLE, THAT YOU WERE IN AN AREA THAT HAD A LOT OF RECENT HURRICANES OR

                    OTHER -- OR OTHER WATER DAMAGE, FLOODING OF ANY SORT, YOU MIGHT PERK

                    UP IF YOU SAW THAT THAT POLICY DIDN'T COVER SOMETHING AND YOU REALLY

                    HAD TO COMB THROUGH IT TO FIGURE IT OUT.  SO THIS IS -- YES, SO IS IT A

                    MATTER OF FONT?  YES.  IS IT A MATTER OF CLARITY?  YES.  AND JUST

                    SIMPLIFYING IT SO THAT WHEN YOU BUY A POLICY YOU KNOW WHAT YOU'RE

                    GETTING.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  IS THERE ANY CONCERN THAT BY, I

                                         192



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    GUESS, MAKING A ONE-PAGER OUT OF THIS AND REALLY SIMPLIFYING WHAT'S

                    CONTAINED IN YOUR POLICY THAT AN INSURANCE CARRIER MIGHT NOT BE ABLE TO

                    ADEQUATELY FIT A SUMMARY OF THE POLICY ONTO ONE PAGE AND IT MIGHT

                    MISLEAD THE CUSTOMER A LITTLE BIT?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  SO, YOU KNOW, THAT'S WHY WE PUT THAT

                    PANEL TOGETHER IN THE BILL.  YOU KNOW, A PANEL OF PEOPLE WHO ARE VERY

                    FAMILIAR SO THAT THEY CAN SCALE IT DOWN TO A -- A MANAGEABLE AMOUNT OF

                    WORDS.  AND, IN FACT, HERE AGAIN I'M GONNA POINT TO THE PERSON WHO

                    BROUGHT IT TO MY ATTENTION, HE'S, YOU KNOW, THE DEPUTY, YOU KNOW, OF

                    INSURANCE, YOU KNOW, IS VERY AWARE OF, YOU KNOW, WHAT -- YOU KNOW,

                    WHAT WOULD BE OF VALUE TO A CONSUMER BECAUSE THEY GET ALL THE

                    COMPLAINTS.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  FAIR ENOUGH.

                                 NOW, LOOKING AT THE LANGUAGE I THINK THERE'S A

                    PROVISION IN HERE THAT SAYS THAT A CARRIER CAN USE THE DECLARATION PAGE

                    TO SATISFY THIS NEW REQUIREMENT.  DO I HAVE THAT CORRECT?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  JUST POINT ME.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  YEAH, I'M LOOKING FOR THE

                    LANGUAGE NOW.  JUST BEAR WITH ME ONE SECOND.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 MS. PAULIN:  LINE 14.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  YES, THERE IT IS.

                                 MS. PAULIN:  YEAH.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 YES, YOU CAN.

                                         193



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  SO HOW EXACTLY WOULD THAT

                    WORK?  WOULD THAT JUST BE A MATTER OF CHANGING THE FONT TO SIZE 12 RED

                    FRONT ON THE DECLARATIONS PAGE?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  YEAH, SO THAT SOMEONE WITH GLASSES

                    CAN READ IT.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  OKAY.  BECAUSE I'M JUST THINKING,

                    IF YOU NOW JUST ADD ANOTHER SUMMARY TO THE DECLARATIONS PAGE, IS THAT

                    NOW GONNA KIND OF SNOWBALL INTO A MORE CONFUSING DECLARATIONS PAGE

                    WITH, I GUESS, A SUMMARY AND THEN A MORE CONCISE SUMMARY?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  IF -- IF YOU LOOK AT THE, YOU KNOW, THE

                    REQUIREMENTS THAT WE HAVE IN THE BILL, YOU KNOW, THAT -- YOU KNOW,

                    WHAT NEEDS TO GET PULLED OUT, IT -- IT'S JUST VERY BASIC INFORMATION.  AND

                    SO I DON'T THINK, FRANKLY, IT'S GONNA TO BE THAT MUCH OR THAT HARD, BUT

                    PROBABLY THE KEY INFORMATION TO A CONSUMER.  SO IT'S JUST -- IT'S ALMOST

                    LIKE HAVING, YOU KNOW, IN A -- IN A LEGAL BRIEF, RIGHT, YOU HAVE A

                    SUMMARY, YOU KNOW, OR YOU SEE IT IN -- YOU KNOW, YOU HAVE THE

                    SUMMARY OF PROVISIONS SO THAT YOU CAN -- OR ANY -- YOU KNOW, ANY --

                    ANY DOCUMENT OR ANY RESEARCH PAPER, USUALLY.  YOU KNOW, WHEN WE

                    WRITE STUFF, YOU KNOW, HERE'S THE SUMMARY AND HERE'S THE REST.  IT'S

                    REALLY ABOUT THAT SO THAT AT A GLANCE -- YOU KNOW, NOT EVERYONE'S GONNA

                    READ -- IT'S HUMONGOUS PAGES LONG.  YOU KNOW -- YOU KNOW, PEOPLE

                    AREN'T GONNA READ ALL OF IT AND THEY COULD MISS SOMETHING IMPORTANT TO

                    THEM.  SO THIS WAY IT GIVES THEM SOME REASON TO READ THE REST OR NOT.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  NOW, IN MY RESEARCH ON THIS,

                    THERE'S NOT NECESSARILY A DECLARATIONS PAGE REQUIRED BY LAW, BUT THE

                                         194



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    REQUIREMENTS ON AN INSURANCE CARRIER TO GIVE THE DETAILS OF THE POLICY

                    EXIST THROUGH VARIOUS DIFFERENT LAWS AND REGULATIONS.  IS THIS NOT

                    SOMETHING THAT DFS COULD JUST REGULATE AND CHANGE HOW A

                    SUMMARIZING PAGE, WHETHER YOU CALL IT A DECLARATIONS PAGE, MUST BE

                    DELIVERED BY A CARRIER?

                                 MS. PAULIN:  SO APPARENTLY THE -- THE EXECUTIVE

                    WHO BROUGHT IT TO ME, WHO'S ALSO A LAWYER, DIDN'T THINK SO.  THAT'S WHY

                    -- THAT'S WHY HE ASKED ME TO CARRY THE BILL.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  ALL RIGHT.  FAIR ENOUGH.  THANK

                    YOU.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL BRIEFLY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. GANDOLFO:  I APPRECIATE THE -- THE SPONSOR

                    ANSWERING MY QUESTIONS HERE.  OF COURSE, LIKE MOST OF US IN HERE, WE

                    WANT MORE CONSUMER-FRIENDLY POLICIES, ESPECIALLY WHEN IT COMES TO

                    INSURANCE.  IT'S SUCH AN IMPORTANT PART OF OUR LIVES AND PROTECTING OUR

                    PROPERTY THAT YOU WANT PEOPLE TO CLEARLY UNDERSTAND WHAT THEY ARE

                    PAYING FOR AND WHAT THEY ARE SUPPOSED TO RECEIVE.  BUT IN MY READING

                    OF THIS IT -- IT ALMOST SEEMS LIKE WE'RE JUST KIND OF REFORMATTING THE

                    EXISTING DECLARATIONS PAGES, WHICH IS JUST CREATING A LITTLE MORE

                    BUREAUCRACY FOR DFS, SPENDING MORE STATE RESOURCES ON IT.  AND IF IT'S

                    A PAGE THAT MUST BE INCLUDED IN ADDITION TO A DECLARATIONS PAGE, I'M

                    WORRIED THAT IT'S ALMOST GONNA BE, LIKE, AN INFORMATION OVERLOAD

                    SITUATION THAT WE SEE SO OFTEN WHERE A CONSUMER IS BOMBARDED WITH

                    DIFFERENT SHEETS WITH DIFFERENT INFORMATION.  A LOT OF IT MIGHT BE

                                         195



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    EXACTLY THE SAME INFORMATION TO THE POINT THAT PEOPLE MIGHT JUST TUNE

                    OUT AND NOT READ IT BECAUSE THEY OPENED THE PACKET AND A THOUSAND

                    PAGES FALL OUT.

                                 SO FOR THAT REASON I WILL BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE.  I

                    DO THINK THE DECLARATIONS PAGES DO PROVIDE EVERYTHING THAT A CONSUMER

                    WOULD NEED TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS IN THE POLICY.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. EACHUS.

                                 MR. EACHUS:  ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. EACHUS:  I WANT TO THANK THE SPONSOR FOR THIS.

                                 JULY 9, 2023, A TERRIBLE STORM HIT MY DISTRICT.  NOW,

                    MY DISTRICT IS VERY MOUNTAINOUS, SO MANY OF THE HOMES ARE ON THE SIDE

                    OF A MOUNTAIN.  AND YET THIS STORM, A RAINSTORM, CAUSED TENS OF

                    MILLIONS OF DOLLARS OF DAMAGE.  ALL OF THE FOLKS WHO HAD DAMAGE DONE

                    HELD INSURANCE POLICIES.  OKAY?  HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE POLICIES.  BUT

                    OF THE ALMOST 600 HOMEOWNERS, ONLY FIVE WERE ABLE TO COLLECT ANY

                    MONEY FROM THE INSURANCE COMPANIES.  AND IT WAS BECAUSE ONLY THOSE

                    FIVE EXISTED IN A FLOODPLAIN AREA.  THE REST OF THEM ON THE MOUNTAINS

                    WITH SOME OF THE HOUSES BEING WASHED RIGHT OFF THEIR FOUNDATIONS,

                    DIDN'T COLLECT A RED CENT.  I AM SO GLAD THAT THIS BILL CONDENSES WHAT THE

                    POLICYHOLDERS NEED TO KNOW.  I DO NOT WISH FOR ANY OF YOU TO

                    EXPERIENCE WHAT I HAD TO EXPERIENCE TWO YEARS AGO.  AND I THINK THIS

                    WILL HELP.  PEOPLE WILL UNDERSTAND THAT FLOODS ARE NOT ACTUALLY COVERED

                                         196



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BY HOMEOWNERS INSURANCE, BECAUSE THE INSURANCE COMPANIES DEFINE

                    WHAT A FLOOD ARE [SIC].

                                 NOW, THE HILARITY OF THE SITUATION IS THAT OF THOSE

                    HUNDREDS OF HOMEOWNERS, MOST OF THEM HAVE NOW APPLIED FOR FLOOD

                    INSURANCE.  GUESS WHAT?  THEY CAN'T GET IT BECAUSE THEY DON'T EXIST IN A

                    FLOODPLAIN.  AND SO WHAT WE CAN DO TO HELP THESE CONSUMERS

                    UNDERSTAND THEIR POLICIES BETTER IS THE LEAST THAT WE SHOULD DO.  AND

                    AGAIN, I THANK THE SPONSOR VERY MUCH FOR BRINGING THIS FORTH AND I

                    ENCOURAGE EVERYBODY TO VOTE YES ON THIS BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT OCTOBER 1ST.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    MINORITY CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION.  ANY AFFIRMATIVE VOTES COULD BE CAST AT THE DESKS NOW.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.  THE MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION.  THERE MAY BE A FEW THAT WOULD DESIRE TO BE AN

                    EXCEPTION.  THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO DO SO AT THEIR SEATS.

                                         197



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. BLANKENBUSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER.

                                 FIRST OF ALL, BY PUTTING MORE WORDING ON A DECLARATION

                    PAGE IS NOT GONNA CLARIFY OR HELP ANY OF OUR CLIENTS LOOK AT IT.  THE

                    MORE THEY HAVE TO READ, THE LESS THEY ARE GONNA TO READ.

                                 SECOND OF ALL, INSURANCE COMPANIES DON'T DEFINE WHAT

                    A FLOOD ZONE IS.  THE FLOOD ZONES ARE FEDERALLY PICKED IN A -- IN A FLOOD

                    ZONE AREA.  SO AN INSURANCE COMPANY DOESN'T GO IN AND SAY THIS IS A

                    FLOOD ZONE AND THIS ISN'T A FLOOD ZONE.  THAT'S A FEDERAL -- A FEDERAL

                    ISSUE.  THEY'RE THE ONES THAT PICK THE FLOOD ZONES.

                                 AND SO I'LL -- I'LL BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE.  THANK

                    YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. BLANKENBUSH IN

                    THE NEGATIVE.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER, FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE.

                                 I -- I THINK IT'S CRITICALLY IMPORTANT AS WE MOVE

                    FORWARD IN SOCIETY THAT WE MAKE THINGS READABLE AND UNDERSTANDABLE.

                    MANY TIMES THE PAPERWORK THAT COMES WITH YOUR CREDIT CARD, WHAT

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    COMES WITH INSURANCE, WHAT COMES WHEN YOU BUY SOMETHING NEW, IS

                    WRITTEN IN A LANGUAGE BY, I WOULD SAY COUNSEL OR ATTORNEYS.  AND SOME

                    OF IT IS ACTUALLY WRITTEN IN A WAY BECAUSE THEY DON'T -- REALLY DON'T WANT

                    YOU TO READ IT.  WHEN PEOPLE ARE SPENDING THEIR MONEY, WE SHOULD

                    MAKE SURE THAT THEY ARE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IT IS THEY HAVE

                    PURCHASED, WHAT IS THEY NOW OWN.

                                 AND ANOTHER THING I THINK IS SIG -- SIGNIFICANTLY

                    IMPORTANT FOR US IN THIS DAY IS TO BE CONSCIOUS AND AWARE OF THE FACT

                    THAT ONLY 21 PERCENT OF HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES IN THE CLASS OF 2023 MET

                    THE COLLEGE READINESS BENCHMARKS IN ALL FOUR SUBJECTS; THAT'S INCLUDING

                    ENGLISH COMPREHENSION.  SO IT'S CRITICALLY IMPORTANT NOT THAT WE DUMB

                    THINGS DOWN, BUT THAT WE WRITE THEM IN A WAY THAT'S UNDERSTANDABLE

                    AND CLEARLY ABLE TO BE READ BY THE AVERAGE PERSON.

                                 THANK YOU.  I VOTE YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.  MRS.

                    PEOPLES-STOKES IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MR. HAWLEY TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. HAWLEY:  A VERY BRIEF STATEMENT.  I'D LOVE TO

                    BE ABLE TO ASK EVERYONE HERE TO RAISE EITHER THEIR RIGHT OR THEIR LEFT HAND

                    IF THEY READ THEIR INSURANCE POLICIES TODAY.  DON'T DO IT, BECAUSE WE

                    CAN'T.  AND THAT I'D LOVE TO, AFTER THIS LEGISLATION PASSES, WHICH IT WILL,

                    THEN ASK IF PEOPLE WILL ACTUALLY READ THEIR POLICIES WHEN IT BECOMES

                    MORE CLEARER.  BUT I WON'T.  WHAT I WILL SAY IS THAT MOST PEOPLE DO NOT

                    READ THEIR POLICIES.  MOST PEOPLE ACTUALLY CALL THEIR AGENT AND HAVE

                    THEM EXPLAIN IT OR ANSWER THEIR QUESTIONS.  SO I THINK WE HAVE TO HAVE

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SOME PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY HERE AND TAKE ADVANTAGE OF OUR AGENTS.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. HAWLEY IN THE NEGATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 18, RULES REPORT NO. 482, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A00836, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 482, SOLAGES, ROSENTHAL, SIMON, COLTON, OTIS, LUPARDO,

                    SANTABARBARA, SHRESTHA, KELLES, EPSTEIN, SEAWRIGHT, SEPTIMO, REYES,

                    SIMONE, JACOBSON.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PUBLIC SERVICE LAW, IN

                    RELATION TO UTILITY INTERVENOR REIMBURSEMENT; AND TO AMEND THE STATE

                    FINANCE LAW, IN RELATION TO ESTABLISHING THE UTILITY INTERVENOR

                    ACCOUNT.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. SOLAGES.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 YOU KNOW, TODAY CUSTOMERS SHOULDN'T BE A

                    GOFUNDME TO FIGHT UNFAIR RATE HIKES.  AND SO THIS BILL WOULD ESTABLISH

                    A UTILITY INTERVENOR ACCOUNT, ALLOWING PARTICIPANTS TO APPLY FOR

                    FUNDING FOR UTILITIES TO COVER THE COST OF PARTICIPATING IN CERTAIN

                    PROCEEDINGS AND ALLOWING CITIZEN GROUPS AND NON-PROFITS TO APPLY FOR

                    DP -- SORRY, THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE REIMBURSEMENT FOR COST

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    INCURRED BY PARTICIPATING IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. PALMESANO.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  YES, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD FOR SOME QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YES, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  THANK YOU, MS. SOLAGES.  I

                    KNOW WE HAVE DISCUSSED THIS BILL ON THE FLOOR FOR A NUMBER OF YEARS.

                    IN FACT, IN 2022, 2023 AND LAST YEAR WE DEBATED THIS BILL AND IT PASSED

                    THE ASSEMBLY BUT THE GOVERNOR VETOED IT.  AND WHEN SHE VETOED IT SHE

                    SAID -- LAST YEAR, SHE SAID, THIS BILL IS IDENTICAL TO LEGISLATION I VETOED IN

                    2022 AND 2023.  SINCE IT'S DUPLICATIVE OF EXISTING CONSUMER PROTECTION

                    EFFORTS WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE AND THE DEPARTMENT OF

                    STATE, IT COULD ALSO LEAD TO THE COST BEING PASSED ON TO RATEPAYERS,

                    RAISING UTILITY RATES AT A TIME WHEN AFFORDABILITY IS A TOP PRIORITY FOR

                    MOST NEW YORKERS.  HAS THIS BILL CHANGED SINCE LAST YEAR OR 20 -- SINCE

                    2022 OR IS IT THE SAME BILL AS IN THE PAST?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  I'M KIND OF SHOCKED THAT YOU ARE IN

                    AGREEANCE WITH THE GOVERNOR FOR ONCE.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  THERE ARE TIMES.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO, YOU KNOW, WHEN UTILITIES ASK FOR

                    RATE INCREASES THEY SEND US THE -- THE BILL FOR THEIR ADVOCATES.  AND IN

                    THIS BILL, IT'S REALLY TIME FOR THE CUSTOMER TO HAVE AN ADVOCATE, TOO.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    AND IT'S NOT JUST PAID FOR ALREADY BY -- BY US, THE RATEPAYERS.  AND SO I

                    BELIEVE THAT THIS BILL-IN-CHIEF IS A -- A GOOD BILL, AND WE ARE GOING TO

                    ADVOCATE FOR IT AND HOPE THAT THE GOVERNOR AGREES WITH US.  BECAUSE AT

                    THE END OF THE DAY -- AT THE END OF THE DAY, WE DON'T WANT UTILITIES

                    WRITING A BLANK CHECK FOR THEIR POCKETS WHILE CONSUMER VOICES ARE NOT

                    HEARD.  AND WE NEED TO MAKE SURE WE'RE TAKING A REGIONAL APPROACH,

                    ALLOWING DIFFERENT CITIZEN GROUPS TO BE REFLECTIVE OF THEIR REGION AND

                    BEING ABLE TO ADVOCATE FOR THEIR COMMUNITY.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.  AND, BELIEVE ME, WE'RE

                    GONNA TALK ABOUT CONSUMERS DURING THIS DEBATE.

                                 SO YESTERDAY ON THIS FLOOR, I THINK YOU WERE HERE

                    DURING THE DEBATE, WE HAD ANOTHER BILL ON THE FLOOR.  IT WAS FOR A UTILITY

                    CONSUMER ADVOCATE.  DO WE NEED BOTH?  HOW IS THIS BILL DIFFERENT FROM

                    THE OTHER BILL?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  I -- I SEE MULTIPLE RATE -- RATE

                    INCREASES ALL AROUND THIS STATE.  AND SO I WANT TO ENSURE THAT THE

                    RATEPAYERS, WHICH IS [SIC] OUR CONSTITUENTS, HAVE A LARGE VOICE.  AND SO,

                    YOU KNOW, I HOPE THAT WE'RE NOT SAYING THAT WE SHOULD ONLY ADVOCATE

                    FOR THE UTILITIES AND THAT THE UTILITIES CAN GET REIMBURSEMENT FROM THE

                    STATE, BUT WE SHOULD MAKE SURE THAT WE'RE ADVOCATING FOR CITIZEN

                    GROUPS, INDIVIDUALS, NON-PROFITS, TO BE ABLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THESE RATE

                    PROCEEDINGS.

                                 AND SO ALL THIS BILL SAYS IS THAT WE CREATE A FUND, THE

                    PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION -- OR SORRY, THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC

                    SERVICE, THANK YOU, WOULD CREATE A -- A FUND.  THEY WOULD DETERMINE

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HOW MUCH THE FUND IS, AND THEY WOULD BE ALLOWED -- INDIVIDUAL GROUPS

                    AND ORGANIZATIONS WOULD BE ALLOWED TO APPLY.  SO THIS IS NOT LIKE A

                    BLANK CHECK.  THIS HAS CHECKS AND BALANCES.  AND SO WHAT I'M SAYING

                    IS THAT WE SHOULD ALLOW THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE TO BE THE LOUDEST, NOT

                    UTILITIES.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND RIGHT NOW THE UTILITIES HAVE A

                    BLANK CHECK.  THEY CAN GET RE -- THEIR FANCY LAWYERS CAN GET

                    REIMBURSEMENT FROM -- FROM, YOU KNOW, THE TAXPAYERS FROM THE

                    RATEPAYERS WHILE, YOU KNOW, CITIZENS' GROUPS CAN'T.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  AND, BELIEVE ME, WE'LL GET INTO

                    THAT DISCUSSION OVER THE NEXT 30 MINUTES.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  OH MY GOD, 30 MINUTES?

                                 (LAUGHTER)

                                 I DO NOT (INDISCERNIBLE/CROSS-TALK)

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  MAYBE 30 MINUTES.  WHO

                    KNOWS.  AT LEAST.  WHO KNOWS.

                                 SO RIGHT NOW, AS WE MENTIONED YESTERDAY, THERE ARE

                    NUMEROUS AGENCIES CURRENTLY OPERATING ON BEHALF OF THE RATEPAYERS;

                    YOU HAVE THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE'S OFFICE OF CONSUMER

                    SERVICES, WHICH REPRESENTS THE VOICE OF CONSUMERS FOR ALL ACTIVITIES

                    OVERSEEN BY THE COMMISSION.  IN 2020 WE HAD THIS -- IT WAS -- THE

                    GOVERNOR CREATED THE STATEWIDE SPECIAL COUNSEL FOR RATEPAYER

                    PROTECTION, WHO HAS THE ABILITY TO PARTICIPATE IN PROCEED -- PSC PRO --

                    PROCEEDINGS DEALING WITH HEARINGS AND INVESTIGATION AND RATES.  YOU

                                         203



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ALSO HAVE THE UTILITY INTERVENTION UNIT ON BEHALF OF THE DEPARTMENT OF

                    STATE.  DIVISION OF CONSUMER OF PROTECTION, WHO ALREADY OPERATES WITH

                    TAXPAYERS FUNDS ON BEHALF OF CONSUMERS.  AND THE UTILITY INTERVENTION

                    UNIT SUBMITS FORMAL COMPLAINTS ON PROPOSALS AND REGULATIONS, AND

                    PROVIDES TESTIMONY TO THE PSC.  AND YOU ALSO HAVE THE -- THE PUBLIC

                    UTILITY LAW PROJECT, WHICH RECEIVES TAXPAYERS FUNDS TO ADVOCATE ON

                    BEHALF OF OUR RATEPAYERS.  AND OF COURSE THE ATTORNEY GENERAL.

                                 IS IT YOUR BELIEF, YOUR OPINION OF THE MAJORITY THAT

                    THESE DO NOT DO ENOUGH TO REPRESENT THE VOICE OF THE RATEPAYER HERE IN

                    THESE PROCEEDINGS, AND IF NOT WHY?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  MADAM SPEAKER, I BELIEVE THAT THE

                    VOICE OF THE PEOPLE SHOULD BE THE LOUDEST.  SO IF WE GIVE MULTIPLE

                    AVENUES FOR INDIVIDUALS TO HAVE A SAY IN THE PROCESS, I -- I THINK THAT'S A

                    GOOD THING, THAT -- RATEPAYERS HAVING A LARGER VOICE.  YOU KNOW, I DON'T

                    KNOW WHY WE ARE NOT, YOU KNOW, ALLOWING THAT, AND THAT'S WHY I PUT IN

                    THIS BILL.  BECAUSE I WANT TO ENSURE THAT CITIZEN GROUPS, NON-PROFITS

                    FROM DIFFERENT REGIONS, DIFFERENT PLACES, DIFFERENT SPACES FROM BUFFALO

                    TO MONTAUK CAN BE ABLE TO PARTICIPATE IN THESE RATE PROCEEDINGS.  AND I

                    THINK THE MORE THE MERRIER.  I DON'T WANT TO SUPPRESS THE VOTE.  IF

                    THERE'S A SMALLER NON-PROFIT THAT IS WORKING TO HELP PEOPLE WITH UTILITY

                    ARREARS AND THEY'RE CURRENTLY NOT PARTICIPATING, WE SHOULD ALLOW THEM

                    TO PARTICIPATE.  AND THIS FUND WOULD CREATE A PARADIGM IN WHICH PEOPLE

                    CAN PARTICIPATE IN THAT.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND SO, YOU KNOW, THIS BILL IS

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ALLOWING MORE INDIVIDUALS TO ADVOCATE ON BEHALF OF LOW-INCOME

                    CUSTOMERS AND SMALL BUSINESSES AND ENSURE THAT THEIR INTEREST IS

                    REPRESENTED.  SO THIS IS ABOUT MAKING THE VOICE OF THE RATEPAYER LOUDER

                    SO THAT THEY CAN PARTICIPATE IN THESE RATE PROCEEDINGS.  BECAUSE I KNOW

                    -- I -- YOU KNOW, I CAN TELL YOU THAT THESE RATE INCREASES ARE REALLY

                    DIFFICULT ON FOLKS, AND SO WE NEED TO ENSURE THAT PEOPLE HAVE AN

                    AVENUE TO SPEAK.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I AGREE A HUNDRED PERCENT.

                    THESE RATE INCREASES ARE DIFFICULT ON THE PUBLIC, ON OUR FAMILIES, OUR

                    SMALL BUSINESSES, OUR FARMERS.  NO QUESTION ABOUT IT.

                                 SO I KNOW YOU -- THE -- I MENTIONED IN THE DEBATE WE

                    HAD YESTERDAY.  HOW IS YOUR DIFFERENT BILL -- HOW IS YOUR BILL DIFFERENT

                    FROM THE BILL WE DID YESTERDAY?  DO YOU RECALL?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO MY BILL BASICALLY, THE BILL THAT IS

                    IN-CHIEF, IT REQUIRES THAT ALL ADVOCATE FEES, EXPERT WITNESSES FEES AND ALL

                    THE OUT-OF-POCKET EXPENSES DIRECTLY INCURRED BY THE PARTICIPANT DIRECTLY

                    RELATED TO PARTICIPATING ARE REIMBURSED UPON APPROVAL, AND GIVING

                    DISCRETION TO THE PSC TO DETERMINE THAT.  AND SO THIS IS DIFFERENT

                    BECAUSE WE ARE ALLOWING CITIZENS, INDIVIDUALS, CITIZEN GROUPS, I MEAN,

                    NON-PROFITS TO PARTICIPATE IN RATE PROCEEDINGS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO THIS IS DIFFERENT FROM A -- A

                    GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY OR -- OR ENTITY THAT'S TIED TO UTILITIES.  THIS IS

                    ABOUT INDEPENDENCE.  IT'S ABOUT TRANSPARENCY, ACCOUNTABILITY AND

                    GIVING PEOPLE THE AVENUE TO PARTICIPATE.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SO THE BILL YESTERDAY, AS I RECALL

                    FROM MY DEBATE WITH THE SPONSOR, TALKED ABOUT THE FACT THAT THE STATE

                    TAXPAYERS WILL PICK UP THE COST OF THAT BILL.  I STILL ARGUE THAT IT'S THE

                    RATEPAYERS PICKING UP, BECAUSE THE PSC AND THEIR OPERATIONS, A LOT OF IT

                    IS FUNDED THROUGH THE 18-A ASSESSMENT CHARGE.  BUT NEITHER HERE NOR

                    THERE.  SO THAT BILL DEALS WITH THAT.  HOW IS YOUR BILL FUNDED?  BECAUSE

                    THE REASON I ASK THE QUESTION IS YOUR MEMO SAYS THERE IS -- WHEN I --

                    WHEN I ASKED ABOUT THE COST IT SAYS THERE'S NONE TO THE STATE.  YOUR

                    COLLEAGUE ON THE BILL YESTERDAY SAID IT'S UNDETERMINED.  SO IF IT'S NONE

                    TO THE STATE, THEN WHO PAYS FOR IT?  THE UTILITY?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YEAH.  SO, LOOK, WE WANNA PUT THE

                    "PUBLIC" BACK IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION.  AND SO THIS MONEY

                    IS GONNA BE A FUND THAT'S ESTABLISHED THROUGH THE COMPTROLLER, AND IT --

                    IT IS RATEPAYER MONEY, BUT THINK ABOUT IT.  IT'S RATERPAYER MONEY THAT'S

                    GOING BACK TO THE LOWEST LEVEL CITIZEN GROUPS AND NON-PROFITS TO BE

                    ABLE TO PARTICIPATE.  NOT FAIR TO UTILITY LAWYERS.  BECAUSE RIGHT NOW,

                    UTILITY COMPANIES ARE -- THEY HAVE A MEGAPHONE AND THEY HAVE

                    UNLIMITED REIMBURSEMENT WHILE REGULAR GROUPS THAT SPEAK FOR THE

                    PEOPLE DON'T HAVE ACCESS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  RIGHT.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND SO FOR ME, THIS IS ABOUT

                    LEVELING THE PLAYING FIELD --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- SO THAT INDIVIDUALS CAN

                    PARTICIPATE.  BECAUSE AS I SAID BEFORE, CUSTOMERS DON'T -- CUSTOMERS

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SHOULDN'T NEED A GOFUNDME TO FIGHT UNFAIR RATE INCREASES.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.  AND THEN I -- I CAN

                    APPRECIATE YOUR INTERESTS IN THE RATEPAYER.  SO AS YOU SAID, THIS GOES ON

                    THE UTILITY AND YOU SAID THE RATEPAYERS ARE PAYING FOR THIS; IS THAT NOT

                    CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YEAH.  AND RIGHT NOW, UTILITIES,

                    THEY'RE BILLING US TWICE FOR -- WELL, THEY'RE BILLING US FOR UTILITIES,

                    ELECTRICITY AND SUCH, AND THEN THEIR LAWYERS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO THIS WILL ALLOW THE RATEPAYER TO

                    AT LEAST GET SOME OF THEIR MONEY BACK IN THEIR POCKETS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I -- I -- I HEAR WHAT YOU'RE

                    TRYING TO DO HERE, BUT THAT'S FINE.  AND AT A TIME WHEN OUR UTILITY RATES

                    ARE SOME OF THE HIGHEST THEY'VE EVER BEEN, PROBABLY THE HIGH -- ONE OF

                    THE HIGHEST IN THE COUNTRY, YOU'D THINK THAT IT'S EVEN BETTER TO PUT MORE

                    INCREASES ON THE RATEPAYER?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  LOOK, I -- I -- I DON'T HAVE TO THINK, I

                    COULD LOOK AT BEST PRACTICES.  IDAHO AND CALIFORNIA BOTH HAVE PASSED

                    THIS FUND.  AND YOU'VE SEEN THAT THEY SAVE THE RATEPAYERS MONEY.  THEY

                    WERE ABLE TO HAVE CITIZEN GROUPS COME AND PARTICIPATE IN THE RATE

                    PROCEEDINGS AND ACTUALLY FIGHT AGAINST INCREASES.  SO WE'RE PUTTING

                    MONEY BACK INTO PEOPLE'S POCKETS.  SO I BELIEVE IN CALIFORNIA THEY

                    SAVED ABOUT $19 MILLION, PER SE.  AND, YOU KNOW, FOR A STATE LIKE IDAHO

                    TO BE ABLE TO HAVE SOMETHING LIKE THIS, I THINK THE EMPIRE STATE, WHICH

                    IS THE GREATEST STATE IN THE NATION, CAN (INDISCERNIBLE) AS WELL.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 SO ALSO, ON PAGE 2 YOU TALK ABOUT OTHER REASONABLE

                    COSTS RELATING TO OUT-OF-POCKET COSTS.  DO YOU HAVE ANY ESTIMATE WHAT

                    THIS IS GONNA COST RATEPAYERS?  HAVE YOU -- HAVE YOU DETERMINED -- I

                    KNOW YOU SAID IN YOUR MEMO THAT THERE'S NONE TO THE STATE, BUT HAVE

                    YOU DETERMINED HOW MUCH THIS BILL IS GONNA COST RATEPAYERS OR YOU JUST

                    -- OR IS IT YOUR BELIEF AND OPINION THAT THIS BILL IS GONNA SAVE MONEY

                    BECAUSE THEY'RE GONNA GO AND ADVOCATE FOR RATEPAYERS IN THESE HEARINGS

                    AND THINGS LIKE THAT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO, THE -- THE PARADIGM -- THE PUBLIC

                    SERVICE COMMISSION WOULD CREATE A -- A FRAMEWORK AND PARADIGM TO

                    CREATE CHECKS AND BALANCES AND ALLOW, YOU KNOW, ORGANIZATIONS AND

                    NON-PROFITS TO PARTICIPATE.  SO WE'RE ALLOWING THEM -- YOU KNOW, WE'RE

                    NOT NECESSARILY LEGISLATING IT WITHIN THIS -- THIS BILL RIGHT HERE, BUT WE'RE

                    ALLOWING FOR A FRAMEWORK TO BE BUILT.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY.  SO THE PSC IS GONNA

                    MAKE THAT DETERMINATION ON HOW MUCH CAN BE SPENT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YES, OF COURSE.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OH, OKAY.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  THAT IS -- LIKE I SAID BEFORE, THIS IS

                    NOT A --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  WE'RE BASICALLY GIVING A -- A --

                    A BLANK CHECK TO THE PSC TO SPEND?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  NO.  LIKE I SAID BEFORE, THIS IS NOT A

                    BLANK CHECK, BECAUSE --

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  WELL, THE PSC GETS TO DECIDE,

                    RIGHT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  I'M SORRY, (INDISCERNIBLE/CROSS-TALK)

                    --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  THE PSC GETS TO DECIDE, RIGHT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- REPEAT THE QUESTION?

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  MY QUESTION IS, THE PSC GETS TO

                    DECIDE HOW MUCH TO SPEND ON THIS PROGRAM, CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO CURRENTLY RIGHT NOW, THEY'RE

                    GIVING THE UTILITIES A BLANK CHECK FOR THEIR LAWYER.  SO RIGHT NOW WE'RE

                    NOT ONLY PAYING FOR ELECTRIC --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I UNDER --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- BUT WE'RE ALSO PAYING FOR THE

                    FANCY LAWYERS TO FIGHT FOR RATE INCREASES.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I UNDERSTAND.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO WHY NOT HAVE THAT -- AND THIS IS

                    NOT A BLANK CHECK.  OBVIOUSLY, THERE'S A FUND CREATED, A DYNAMIC'S

                    GONNA BE CREATED.  AND SO, THERE IS GONNA BE A LIMITED AMOUNT OF

                    MONEY FOR THAT.  SO IT'S -- IT'S A PARADIGM THAT -- THAT IS NOT GONNA BE

                    (INDISCERNIBLE) LEGISLATED, BUT IT'S GOING TO BE --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  BUT --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- A FUND IS CREATED AND THE FUND IS

                    NOT GONNA HAVE UNLIMITED MONEY.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  BUT THIS FUND WILL BE CREATED

                    AND DETERMINED AT THE AUTHORITY AND IN THE DISCRETION OF THE PSC TO SAY

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WHETHER IT'S GONNA BE 10 MILLION, 50 MILLION, 100 MILLION, RIGHT?  IT'S

                    THE PSC'S DISCRETION BASED ON THE LANGUAGE OF THIS BILL, CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  ARE YOU QUESTIONING THE PSC'S

                    ABILITY TO DETERMINE IF THEY CAN CREATE A FUND THAT'S REASONABLE?

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  YES, I AM, ACTUALLY.  BECAUSE,

                    YOU KNOW, IN JULY OF 2023 -- AND THAT'S ONE OF MY QUESTIONS COMING UP

                    -- THE PSC APPROVED $43 BILLION IN FUTURE RATEPAYER INCREASES TO PAY

                    FOR THE GREEN ENERGY MANDATES THAT THIS HOUSE HAS ADVANCED.  SO, YES,

                    I DO.  SO --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND SO WHAT I'D SAY TO THAT IS THAT AT

                    LEAST WE'RE GIVING THE ABILITY FOR THE RATEPAYERS TO GET THAT MONEY BACK

                    IN THEIR POCKETS SO THAT THEY CAN FIGHT AGAINST --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  AND -- AND --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- THE RATE INCREASE AND RAISING THEIR

                    VOICES.  THIS IS NOT GOING TOWARDS, YOU KNOW, A FANCY ATTORNEY.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  THIS IS ACTUALLY GOING TO THE PEOPLE

                    WHO ARE GONNA FIGHT AND ADVOCATE FOR THE AVERAGE RATEPAYER.  AND

                    WE'RE TALKING ABOUT RATEPAYERS ACROSS THIS GREAT STATE.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SO MY QUESTION, SO THERE'S NO

                    COST ESTIMATE THAT YOU HAVE.  THERE'S NO CAP ON THE AMOUNT OF FUNDING

                    INTERVENORS CAN GET -- GET, CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO THIS CREATES A PARADIGM.  SO --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I KNOW IT CREATES --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- WHEN YOU CREATE A FUND, THE FUND

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    IS GONNA HAVE A FINITE AMOUNT OF MONEY.  SO THIS -- WE'RE NOT DIRECTLY

                    ALLOCATING A CERTAIN -- CERTAIN POOL OR DOLLAR.  ALL WE'RE SAYING IS CREATE

                    A FUND AND WE'RE ALLOWING THE PSC TO COME --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I -- I UNDERSTAND YOU'RE CREATING

                    A FAN -- FUND.  I UNDERSTAND YOU'RE CREATING A PARADIGM.  BUT YOU'VE

                    ALSO SAID YOU'RE GIVING THE DISCRETION TO THE PSC.  YOU HAVE ALSO SAID

                    THERE'S NO LIMIT ON THE FUNDS.  YOU'VE ALSO SAID --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  IN THIS LEGISLATIVELY.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  -- THERE'S NO CAP ON THE FUNDS TO

                    INTERVENORS, CORRECT?  THERE'S NO CAP ON THE FUNDS TO INTERVENORS,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  WELL, I WANNA -- I WANNA CLARIFY.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  WELL, PLEASE DO.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  THERE -- WHAT -- THE BILL LANGUAGE

                    DOES NOT DICTATE THE FUND, BUT THE PSC, WHICH I THINK IS GOING TO COME

                    UP WITH A FUND AND RULES AND REGS --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- AROUND THIS, WILL CREATE A

                    PARADIGM SO THAT THERE ARE CHECKS AND BALANCES AND ALSO ENSURE THAT

                    THERE'S NOT JUST ONE ENTITY SUCKING THE MONEY OUT.  THAT ACTUALLY, THIS IS

                    A FAIR PROCESS WHERE PEOPLE CAN APPLY AND PARTICIPATE --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- AND BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE AND THAT

                    IT CAN BE TRANSPARENT.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  AND I TOTALLY UNDERSTAND YOUR

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    INTENT BEHIND THE LEGISLATION.  SO WE'VE -- WE'VE ALREADY ASSERTED THAT

                    THERE IS NO COST ESTIMATE FROM THIS BILL.  WE'VE ALREADY ASSERTED THAT

                    THERE'S NO CAP ON FUNDING ALLOWED TO INTERVENORS.  THE PSC IS GONNA

                    HAVE FULL DISCRETION.  THE PSC IS GONNA BE ABLE TO DETERMINE HOW

                    MUCH THIS PROGRAM'S GONNA COST.  WE'VE ALREADY DETERMINED THAT.  HOW

                    ABOUT -- IS THERE A CAP FOR THE NUMBER OF INTERVENORS THAT COULD BE A

                    PART OF THIS PROCESS?  SO WE CAN HAVE A WHOLE LOT OF DIFFERENT

                    INTERVENORS, NOW THAT THIS IS A NEW PROGRAM, PARTICIPATING IN THIS

                    PROCESS.  IS THERE ANY CAP ON THE NUMBER OF INTERVENORS THAT CAN

                    PARTICIPATE IN THIS PROCESS?  THAT'S GONNA TO BE DETERMINED BY THE PSC,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YEAH.  SO WHEN WE SAY WE CREATED

                    -- IN THIS IT SAYS REASONABLE RECOVERY OF EXPENSES.  WE ALSO SAY THAT --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  BUT THERE'S NO DEFINITION OF

                    "REASONABLE."  WHAT'S THE DEFINITION OF REASONABLE IN YOUR OPINION?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND SO THE -- THE INTERVENORS WOULD

                    HAVE TO APPLY FOR FUNDS --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I UNDERSTAND.

                                 MS. SOLAGES: -- AND THE PSC CAN ALSO COMBINE

                    GROUPS OR COMBINE ORGANIZATIONS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  GOOD.  THAT'S (INDISCERNIBLE/

                    CROSS-TALK) --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO THEY WILL HAVE TO DISCRETION TO

                    DETERMINE --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  YOU MIGHT HAVE --

                                         212



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  BUT RIGHT NOW OUR UTILITIES -- AND I

                    WOULD ALSO --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SORRY.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- I WOULD HOPE YOU FEEL THE OUTRAGE

                    THAT OUR UTILITIES HAVE THE ABILITY RIGHT NOW TO HAVE UNCHECKED MONEY

                    TO -- TO FIGHT FOR RATE INCREASES, WHETHER IT'S GAS, ELECTRIC.  YOU KNOW,

                    OTHER, WATER, YOU KNOW, INTERNET.  LIKE, THEY HAVE AN UNLIMITED

                    CHECKBOOK.  AND SO, YOU KNOW, I HOPE THAT WE'RE NOT SUPPRESSING NEW

                    YORKERS' VOICES AND THAT WE CAN ACTUALLY HAVE A CONVERSATION ABOUT

                    HOW WE CAN AMPLIFY AND FIGHT AGAINST RATE INCREASES TOGETHER.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.  AND I -- AND I WOULD LIKE

                    TO GET INTO THE RATE INCREASES.  SO WE'VE ESTABLISHED THERE'S NO COST

                    ESTIMATE.  WE'VE ESTABLISHED THAT THERE'S NO CAP ON THE AMOUNT OF

                    FUNDING (INDISCERNIBLE).  WE'VE ESTABLISHED THERE'S NO CAP ON THE

                    NUMBER OF INTERVENORS.  THAT'S ALL GONNA BE AT THE DISCRETION OF THE

                    PSC.  AND ALL THOSE COSTS WILL, IN FACT, BE BORNE BY THE RATEPAYERS,

                    CORRECT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO, I MEAN, WHAT -- AND I THINK THAT

                    WHAT'S BEING LOST UPON IN THIS CONVERSATION IS THAT THESE ARE SMALL

                    INTERVENOR GROUPS.  THESE ARE COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS THAT

                    FOCUS -- THAT HAVE UNIQUE FOCUS AND EXPERTISE COMPARED TO, YOU KNOW,

                    THE OTHER, YOU KNOW, LIKE THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE UTILITY

                    CONSUMER ADVOCATE, THE UIU, THE DPS.  AND SO WHAT WE'RE SAYING IS

                    THAT THIS WOULD ALLOW, YOU KNOW, A BROKER AND INDIVIDUALS TO HAVE -- TO

                    BE PART OF THESE CONVERSATIONS.

                                         213



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO, TO ME, THIS IS ABOUT MAKING SURE

                    THAT WE HAVE THE PARTICIPATION WHICH HOPEFULLY CAN AMPLIFY THE VOICES

                    OF THE PEOPLE.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I UNDERSTAND.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND UTILITIES USE MILLIONS OF DOLLARS

                    OF RATEPAYER FUNDS TO PAY FOR THEIR ADVOCACY --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES: -- POLICY CASES AND OTHER ACTIVITY.

                    SO --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SO I HAVE ANOTHER QUESTION.  SO

                    WE'VE ESTABLISHED THIS INTERVENOR FUND THAT'S BASICALLY AT THE DISCRETION

                    OF THE PSC.  WHAT, IN FACT, CAN THESE INTERVENORS INTERVENE ON?  ARE

                    YOU SUSPECTING THEM TO INTERVENE ON RATE INCREASES, RATE PROPOSALS?

                    CAN THEY INTERVENE ON THE GREEN ENERGY MANDATES THAT THIS HOUSE HAS

                    ADVANCED AND ADVANCING FORWARD?  DO THEY HAVE ANY SAY IN THAT?  DO

                    THEY ANY SAY ON THE CONVERSION COSTS TO CONVERT YOUR HOME OVER FROM

                    NATURAL GAS TO FULL ELECTRIFICATION?  WILL THEY BE ABLE TO INTERVENE ON

                    THAT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO, THEY WOULD BE INTERVENING ON

                    THE -- THE RATE INCREASES.  AND I KNOW --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  JUST THE RATE INCREASES, RIGHT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YES.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY.  AND SO WHEN THE PSC IN

                    JULY OF 2023 APPROVED $43 BILLION, WITH A B, OF FUTURE RATEPAYER

                                         214



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    INCREASES TO PAY AND IT WAS DETERMINED AT A HEARING FOR THE GREEN

                    ENERGY MANDATES.  WOULD THEY HAVE BEEN ABLE TO INTERVENE ON THAT

                    PROCESS?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  WOULD THERE HAVE BEEN A REQUEST

                    FOR RATE INCREASES WITHIN THAT?

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  WELL, IT'S FUTURE RATE

                    (INDISCERNIBLE).  SO THEY'VE ALREADY SIGNED OFF ON $43 BILLION

                    (INDISCERNIBLE) FUTURE INCREASES.  BUT THAT'S NEAR HERE NOR THERE.

                                 SO, I DO WANT TO TALK ABOUT --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  IS THAT THE UTILITY?  I JUST WANT TO

                    CLAR -- I DON'T WANNA MOVE AWAY FROM THIS SO I WANNA JUST CLARIFY.  IS

                    THAT THE UTILITY REQUESTING THAT?

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  WELL, THAT'S WHAT THE UTILITIES.  I

                    MEAN, IF YOU HEAR -- IF YOU SEE THE RATE INCREASES THAT ARE GOING ON

                    AROUND THE STATE, EVERY ONE OF THEM ARE SAYING IT'S TO PAY FOR THE GREEN

                    ENERGY MANDATES THAT THIS HOUSE HAS PASSED, THAT YOUR SIDE OF THE AISLE

                    HAS ADVOCATED, THAT GOVERNOR HOCHUL HAS ADVOCATED FOR THAT'S GONNA

                    INCREASE RATES.

                                 (INDISCERNIBLE/CROSS-TALK.)

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  I -- I -- I WOULD -- I THINK THAT WE'RE

                    STRAYING AWAY (INDISCERNIBLE/CROSS-TALK) --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I DON'T WE'RE STRAYING AWAY --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  BUT THE CHIEF IN BILL [SIC] RIGHT NOW

                    IS STRICTLY TALKING ABOUT RATE INCREASES.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SURE.

                                         215



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND RATE PROCEEDINGS.  AND SO

                    ANYTHING OF -- ANYTHING ELSE WOULD BE --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  SO I GUESS I'LL ASK --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- STRAYING AWAY FROM THE

                    CONVERSATION.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I GUESS I'LL ASK YOU THE

                    QUESTION.  SO WHEN THE UTILITIES GO BEFORE THE PSC FOR A RATE INCREASE,

                    THEY'RE PAYING FOR A PORTION OF THE BILL.  BECAUSE ABOUT 50 PERCENT --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  WHEN YOU SAY "THEY", YOU MEAN THE

                    RATEPAYERS?

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  THE UTILITIES.  THE UTILITIES

                    WHEN THEY GO BEFORE THE RATE -- THE PSC FOR A RATE INCREASE, THEY ARE

                    GOING FOR A PORTION OF THE BILL.  BECAUSE 50 PERCENT IS SUPPLY, IT'S PASS-

                    THROUGH.  ABOUT A THIRD OF IT IS TAXES AND FEES AND ASSESSMENTS, ANOTHER

                    OR 30 OR 25 PERCENT IS FOR THE SUPPLY AND DELIVERY.  SO WHEN THEY GO

                    FOR THAT, THAT'S THE -- THAT'S WHAT THE UTILITIES HAVE BEEN SAYING, THE

                    REASON THEY'RE ASKING FOR THESE REALLY -- THEY'RE HIGH INCREASES.  I'M NOT

                    ARGUING WITH -- THEY'RE HIGH INCREASES.  IT'S TO PAY FOR THESE GREEN

                    ENERGY MANDATES.  THAT'S WHAT THEY'RE SAYING.  YOU DISAGREE WITH THAT?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  AND SO WHAT I'M SAYING IS THAT LET

                    THE INTERVENORS AND THE COMMUNITY HAVE A CONVERSATION AND BE PART OF

                    THE PROCEEDINGS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY, THAT'S FINE.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YOU KNOW, WE COULD SIT HERE AND

                    TALK ABOUT EXAMPLES AND NUANCES.  BUT THE REAL CONVERSATION IS JUST

                                         216



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ALLOWING PEOPLE TO HAVE A VOICE IN THIS --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I UNDERSTAND.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- AND TO NOT -- TO ALSO MAKE SURE

                    THAT UTILITIES DON'T HAVE JUST UNLIMITED MONEY TO PAY FOR ATTORNEYS AND

                    LAWYERS, AND NOT THE AVERAGE PERSON CAN GET SOME OF THAT RATEPAYER

                    MONEY TO HELP ADVOCATE FOR THAT.  AND I DON'T THINK THAT'S WRONG.

                    THAT'S PUTTING MONEY BACK INTO PEOPLE'S POCKETS TO ENSURE THAT --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I --

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- THEY COULD FIGHT AGAINST --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I -- I HEAR YOU.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- THE RATE INCREASES, VERSUS THE

                    UTILITIES WHO ALREADY, YOU KNOW, HAS -- YOU KNOW, IS ALREADY CHARGING

                    US.  SO THEY'RE GETTING TWO BITES OF THE APPLE WHILE THE AVERAGE --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  AND -- AND I DO UNDERSTAND.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- RATEPAYER IS STRUGGLING.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I UNDERSTAND.  IT'S JUST,

                    ESPECIALLY WITH THE UTILITIES, YOU KNOW, THEY'RE ALL DESIGNATED TO A

                    CERTAIN TERRITORY, THEY'RE ALL GUARANTEED A RATE OF RETURN ON THEIR

                    REGULATION.  BUT THIS ALSO APPLIES TO CABLE AND INTERNET PROVIDERS WHICH

                    OPERATE IN AN OPEN COMPETITIVE MARKET.  DO YOU THINK THIS IS

                    APPLICABLE, WE SHOULD BE APPLYING IT TO THEM WHEN THEY'RE OPEN --

                    OPERATING IN AN OPEN AND COMPETITIVE MARKETPLACE?  ESPECIALLY WHEN

                    OUR CABLE AND OUR INTERNET PROVIDERS ARE TRYING TO PROVIDE BROADBAND TO

                    OUR -- ESPECIALLY OUR RURAL AREAS.  YOU THINK THAT'S A GOOD PLACE FOR THIS

                    TO BE AS A LAW ON THIS INTERVENOR FUND?

                                         217



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  I -- I JUST MAKE WANNA MAKE SURE

                    FOR THE RECORD THAT THIS WOULD ONLY APPLY TO CASES RELATING TO THE PRICE

                    OF GAS, STEAM, ELECTRIC SERVICES, AS WELL AS CASES ABOUT SOME METERING

                    AND METERING ON RESIDENTIAL PREMISES.  SO I JUST WANNA JUST CLARIFY --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY.  FAIR ENOUGH.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  -- THE RECORD.  AND IT'S RESIDENTIAL.

                    THAT'S -- RESIDENTIAL, THAT'S OUR NEW YORKERS THAT WE FIGHT FOR EVERY

                    DAY; YOUR CONSTITUENTS, MY CONSTITUENTS.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  THAT -- THAT'S FAIR ENOUGH.  I DO

                    -- I APPRECIATE THAT CLARIFICATION.

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  IS IT 30 MINUTES YET?

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  NO, WE'VE GOT ABOUT TEN LEFT.

                                 SO, SHOULD INTERVENORS WHO ARE PARTICIPATING IN THIS

                    PROCESS -- LIKE, SO THE PSC HAS THE ABILITY TO COMBINE INTERVENORS IF

                    THEY'RE ALL IN THE SAME INTEREST?  THEY CAN COMBINE INTERVENORS IN THE

                    PROCESS, YOU SAID?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  YES, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY.  SO IF THERE ARE

                    ORGANIZATIONS THAT ARE RECEIVING TAXPAYER FUNDS, WOULD THEY STILL BE

                    ABLE TO RECEIVE INTERVENOR FUNDS?  LIKE, FOR EXAMPLE, THE PUBLIC --

                    PUBLIC UTILITY LAW PROJECT, THEY GET TAXPAYER FUNDS TO ADVOCATE.

                    WOULD THEY ALSO BE ELIGIBLE FOR THESE INTERVENOR FUNDS?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  I'M GLAD THAT YOU MENTIONED PULP,

                    WHICH IS A GREAT, GREAT ADVOCACY GROUP THAT REALLY GOES INTO

                    COMMUNITIES AND PROVIDES SUPPORT AND HELP FOR INDIVIDUALS.  SO THEY

                                         218



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    MAY BE ABLE TO ACCESS SOME OF THIS FUND AS WELL.  BUT AGAIN, THE -- THE

                    -- THERE'S AN ENTITY THAT WILL BE VETTING AND LOOKING AT WHO IS

                    PARTICIPATING, HOW THEY'RE PARTICIPATING, AND DETERMINE IF THEY SHOULD

                    BE GETTING REIMBURSEMENT.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY, GREAT.

                                 DO YOU SEE ANY CONFLICT IN FUNDING A SEGMENT OF

                    RATEPAYERS WHO ARE INTERESTED OR WHO ARE IN CONFLICT WITH OTHER

                    RATEPAYERS AT LARGE, WHICH MIGHT HAVE COST SHIFTS SHIFTED ON UPON

                    THEM?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  MADAM SPEAKER --

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  FOR EXAMPLE, I -- WHAT I'M

                    SAYING IS -- IS WIND AND SOLAR ADVOCATES ARE OBVIOUSLY ADVOCATING FOR

                    WIND AND SOLAR PROJECTS.  WE HAVE OFFSHORE WIND PROJECTS BEING DONE,

                    ADVOCATING DOWN ON LONG ISLAND WHERE THOSE INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE

                    OPPOSED TO WIND AND SOLAR OFF THE COAST OF LONG ISLAND, OR THOSE WHO

                    ARE OPPOSED TO WIND AND SOLAR BE ELIGIBLE FOR THESE INTERVENOR FUNDS TO

                    ADVOCATE AGAINST THIS FUNDING?

                                 MS. SOLAGES:  SO, THAT WOULD BE DETERMINED BY

                    THE -- THE GOVERNING BODY, AND THEY WOULD LOOK AT EACH AND EVERY

                    ENTITY THAT IS APPLYING FOR FUNDS AND DETERMINE THEIR LEVEL OF

                    PARTICIPATION AND ALSO DETERMINE IF THERE ARE LIKE-MINDED GROUPS THAT

                    CAN COLLABORATE AND WORK TOGETHER.  SO THIS BILL DOES CREATE GUARDRAILS

                    FOR FOLKS.  AND SO, YOU KNOW, WE'RE JUST MAKING SURE THAT WE'RE

                    ALLOWING NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS, GROUPS OF INDIVIDUALS THAT REPRESENT

                    THE INTERESTS OF A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF RESIDENTIAL OR SMALL BUSINESS

                                         219



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    UTILITY CUSTOMERS, ALLOWING THEM TO APPLY FOR THE REIMBURSEMENT OF

                    REASONABLE FEES AND THE OTHER COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH PARTICIPATING IN A

                    UTILITY RATE CASE AND OTHER POLICY PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE PUBLIC SERVICE

                    COMMISSION.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  OKAY.  WELL, THANK YOU, MS.

                    SOLAGES.  I APPRECIATE YOUR TIME.

                                 MADAM SPEAKER, ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  I CERTAINLY APPRECIATE THE

                    SPONSOR'S INTENT.  WHEN WE WERE DISCUSSING THE BILL SHE CITED THE HIGH

                    COST OF THE UTILITY BILLS THAT ALL OF OUR CUSTOMERS AND CONSUMERS ARE

                    FACING.  YOU KNOW, I ALSO APPRECIATE HER PERSEVERANCE ON A BILL THAT'S

                    BEEN VETOED SEVERAL TIMES, AND MOST LIKELY, IN MY OPINION, PROBABLY BE

                    VETOED AGAIN.  BUT THAT'S NOT NEITHER HERE NOR THERE.

                                 YESTERDAY WE DEBATED A UTILITY ADVOCATE BILL, AND I

                    THINK HOW MANY BILLS DO WE NEED?  DO WE REALLY NEED BOTH?  DO WE

                    NEED EITHER?  I SAY NO.  I BELIEVE IT'S DUPLITIC -- DUPLICATIVE,

                    UNNECESSARY AND COSTLY.  THEY ARE A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS

                    THAT ARE ADVOCATING ON BEHALF OF THE RATEPAYER.  WE HAVE THE

                    DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE OFFICE OF CONSUMER SERVICES.  YOU HAVE

                    THE -- THE UTILITY INTERVENTION UNIT AT THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE, AND THEN

                    THE DIVISION OF CONSUMER PROTECTION ALREADY OPERATES WITH TAXPAYER

                    FUNDS ON BEHALF OF CONSUMERS.  THE UTILITY INTERVENTION UNIT SUBMITS

                    FORMAL COMPLAINTS ON PROPOSALS AND REGULATIONS, AND PROVIDES

                    TESTIMONY BEFORE THE PSC.  YOU HAVE THE 2020 -- THE STATEWIDE

                                         220



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SPECIAL COUNSEL FOR RATEPAYER PROTECTION, WHO IS -- MAY PARTICIPATE IN

                    PSC PROCEEDINGS, HEARINGS AND INVESTIGATIONS.  YOU ALSO HAVE THE --

                    THE PUBLIC UTILITY LAW PROJECT, AND WE HAVE OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY

                    GENERAL.

                                 NOW, WHEN THE GOVERNOR VETOED THIS BILL SEVERAL

                    TIMES, FOR THE LAST TIME SHE VETOED THE BILL, I SAID AT THE BEGINNING, SHE

                    SAID, THIS BILL IS IDENTICAL TO LEGISLATION I VETOED IN 2022 AND 2023.

                    AND SINCE IT IS DUPLICATIVE OF EXISTING CONSUMER PROTECTION EFFORTS

                    WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE AND THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE,

                    IT COULD ALSO LEAD TO THE COST BEING PASSED ON TO RATEPAYERS, RAISING

                    UTILITY RATES AT A TIME WHEN AFFORDABILITY IS A TOP PRIORITY FOR MOST NEW

                    YORKERS.

                                 DURING THIS DISCUSSION, WE ALREADY ESTABLISHED THERE

                    IS NO COST ASSOCIATED WITH THIS PROGRAM, IT'S GONNA BE DETERMINED BY

                    THE PSC.  THERE IS NO CAP ON THE COST WITH THIS PROGRAM.  IT'S GONNA BE

                    DETERMINED BY THE PSC.  THERE'S NO CAP ON THE NUMBER OF INTERVENORS.

                    THAT'S GONNA BE DETERMINED BY THE PSC.  AND HOW MUCH DISCRETION

                    ARE WE GONNA GIVE THE PSC?  AT THE END OF THE DAY, THIS WILL BE BORNE

                    BY THE RATEPAYERS WITH HIGHER RATES AT A TIME WHEN RATES ARE SOME OF

                    THE HIGHEST IN THE NATION AND OUR -- OUR RESIDENTS AND OUR SMALL

                    BUSINESSES, OUR MANUFACTURERS AND OUR FARMERS ARE ALREADY STRUGGLING

                    WITH HIGH UTILITY COSTS.  THEY KNOW IT.  ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS LISTEN TO

                    THE PHONE CALLS THAT COME INTO YOUR OFFICE.  AND I'LL DISCUSS SOME OF

                    THOSE COSTS.  RIGHT NOW, ONE-THIRD OF YOUR BILL IS ALREADY MADE UP OF

                    TAXES, FEES AND ASSESSMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN PLACED ON UTILITY BILLS BY

                                         221



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THIS HOUSE TO PAY FOR MANY OF THESE GREEN ENERGY MANDATES.

                                 SO WE'VE ALREADY TALKED ABOUT THE FACT THAT YOU HAVE

                    FIVE DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS OUT THERE -- YOU KNOW, I MENTIONED THAT.

                    AND AS I SAID YESTER -- YESTERDAY DURING THE DISCUSSION, THIS WILL NOT

                    REDUCE UTILITY RATES FOR CUSTOMERS.  THEY'RE ALREADY HIGH.

                                 I -- AND I APPRECIATE THE EFFORT OF THE SPONSOR.  I KNOW

                    SHE'S VERY PERSISTENT ABOUT IT.  I KNOW SHE WANTS TO HELP THE RATEPAYER.

                    BUT I THINK WHAT'S CONTINUING TO HAPPEN IN THIS HOUSE WITH THE BILLS

                    THAT ARE BEING ADVANCED, IT CONTINUES TO BE A FAILURE TO RECOGNIZE IT'S

                    THE POLICIES ON YOUR SIDE OF AISLE, IT'S THE POLICIES OF THIS GOVERNOR THAT

                    CONTINUE TO DRIVE UP THE RATES AND COSTS TO FAMILIES AND BUSINESSES IN

                    THE STATE OF NEW YORK.  AGAIN, AS I SAID A FEW MINUTES AGO, ABOUT

                    APPROXIMATELY 30 PERCENT OR ONE-THIRD OF YOUR BILL IS MADE UP OF TAXES,

                    FEES AND ASSESSMENTS TO PAY FOR THESE GREEN ENERGY MANDATES.  BUT YET

                    WHEN WE HAVE LEGISLATION TO SAY LET'S BE -- LET'S BE (INDISCERNIBLE)

                    DISCLOSURE TO THE RATEPAYER ABOUT THESE COSTS, IT GETS DEFEATED IN

                    COMMITTEE BECAUSE THEY SAY IT'S NOT APPROPRIATE.

                                 YES, WE CAN HAVE AN INTERVENOR TO INTERVENE.  BUT

                    WHAT CAN THEY INTERVENE ON?  CAN THEY INTERVENE ON THE GREEN

                    MANDATES THAT THIS HOUSE HAS ADVANCED?  THE CLCPA?  CAN THEY

                    INTERVENE ON THE ONE-THIRD OF THE -- OF YOUR BILL THAT'S TAXES, FEES, AND

                    ASSESSMENTS?  CAN THEY INTERVENE ON THE COST OF THE CONVERSION FROM

                    FULL -- TO FULL ELECTRIVATION [SIC] FROM NATURAL GAS, CONSIDERING 60

                    PERCENT OF NEW YORKERS HEAT -- USE NATURAL GAS TO HEAT YOUR HOMES?

                    FORTY PERCENT OF OUR GENERATION COMES FROM NATURAL GAS.  THESE ARE --

                                         222



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THESE ARE THE PROBLEMS THAT NEW YORKERS CARE ABOUT.  YOU DON'T REALLY

                    NEED AN -- AN -- A UTILITY INTERVENOR TO ADDRESS THAT PROBLEM OR TO

                    RECOGNIZE THAT PROBLEM.  ALL YOU HAVE TO DO IS LOOK AT THE POLICIES THAT

                    COME OUT OF THIS HOUSE.  AND WHAT HAVE THESE POLICIES DONE?  AS I

                    MENTIONED YESTERDAY, IF WE DON'T CHANGE THE METHODOLOGY TO MEASURE

                    EMISSIONS FROM 20 YEARS TO 100 YEARS, PRICES AT THE PUMP WILL INCREASE

                    (INDISCERNIBLE) FOR NEW YORKERS BY 63 CENTS A GALLON.  NATURAL GAS

                    HOME HEAT INCREASE -- WILL INCREASE BY 79 PERCENT.  AS I SAID, IN JULY OF

                    '23, THE PSC APPROVED $43 BILLION IN FUTURE RATEPAYER INCREASES -- $43

                    BILLION -- TO CONVERT YOUR HOME OVER FROM NATURAL GAS TO ELECTRIC.

                    SEVERAL DIFFERENT ESTIMATES SAID IT WOULD COST ON AVERAGE

                    $35-PLUS-THOUSAND.  THE CLIMATE ACTION COUNCIL STUDY, THE CONSUMER

                    ENERGY ALLIANCE AND IN OTHERS, THIS IS...

                                 WE TALKED THE ELECTRIC SCHOOL BUS MANDATE, THE

                    MOTHER OF ALL UNFUNDED MANDATES, COSTS $150,000 VERSUS $400,000 FOR

                    AN ELECTRIC SCHOOL BUS.  $8- TO $15 BILLION IN REPLACEMENT COSTS.  THAT

                    DOESN'T EVEN GET INTO THE EV CHARGING STATION -- EV CHARGING THAT'S

                    NEEDED FOR OUR SCHOOLS.  IT DOESN'T GET INTO -- INTO THE UPGRADES THAT ARE

                    NEEDED FOR OUR ELECTRIC INFRASTRUCTURE FOR OUR SCHOOLS.  ONE SCHOOL

                    DISTRICT SAID IT WOULD COST THEM $30 MILLION, ANOTHER SAID IT WAS $10

                    MILLION, JUST TO BRING THE POWER IN FROM THE GRID.

                                 WE'VE GOT THE ACT REGULATION, WHICH WILL DEVASTATE

                    THE TRUCKING INDUSTRY.  THE ADVANCED CLEAN CAR RULE, WHICH WILL

                    DEVASTATE THE AUTO INDUSTRY IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.  AND THE FACT OF

                    THE MATTER IS THAT IN 2019 THE -- THE RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY RATE WAS 17

                                         223



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CENTS PER KILOWATT HOUR, NOW IT'S 26 CENTS PER KILOWATT HOUR, MORE THAN

                    40 PERCENT HIGHER THAN THE NATIONAL AVERAGE.  I MEAN, IT JUST SHOWS TIME

                    AND TIME AGAIN, THE POL -- THE ENERGY POLICIES, THE CLIMATE POLICY IN THIS

                    STATE IS SIMPLY DESIGNED TO DISMANTLE THE AFFORDABLE AND RELIABLE

                    NATURAL GAS INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPLY AND DELIVERY SYSTEM.  IT'S TOTALLY

                    DESIGNED TO TAKE AWAY CONSUMER CHOICE ON HOW YOU HEAT YOUR HOME,

                    COOK YOUR FOOD, POWER YOUR BUILDING AND --

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU, MR.

                    PALMESANO.

                                 MR. PALMESANO:  FOR THIS AND MANY OTHER

                    REASONS, MADAM, SPEAKER, I WILL BE VOTING IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS BILL

                    AND I URGE MY COLLEAGUES DO THE SAME THING.

                                 (APPLAUSE)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 30TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    MINORITY CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION, BUT IF THERE ARE MEMBERS WISHING TO VOTE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE

                    THEY MAY DO SO NOW.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                         224



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, THE

                    MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 18, RULES REPORT NO. 488, THE CLERK READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A02611, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 488, OTIS, SEAWRIGHT, SIMON, STIRPE, SAYEGH.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE

                    REAL PROPERTY LAW, IN RELATION TO REQUIRING LANDLORDS TO MITIGATE

                    DAMAGES WHEN COMMERCIAL TENANTS VACATE PREMISES IN VIOLATION OF THE

                    TERMS OF THE LEASE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MR. OTIS.

                                 MR. OTIS:  THANK YOU, COLLEAGUES.

                                 THE BILL BEFORE US TODAY IS TO RESTORE THE DUTY TO

                    MITIGATE DAMAGES IN CASES OF COMMERCIAL TENANTS AND COMMERCIAL

                    LEASES.  THAT WAS THE LAW OF NEW YORK STATE BEFORE 1995 WHEN A

                    COURT OF APPEALS DECISION REMOVED THAT OBLIGATION, WHICH IS GENERALLY

                    IN COMMON LAW WITH THE PRACTICES AROUND THE COUNTRY.  IN 2019, WE

                                         225



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    RESTORED THE DUTY TO MITIGATE DAMAGES IN THE CASES OF RESIDENTIAL LEASES

                    AND HAD LANGUAGE IN THERE THAT WOULD BE USED IN -- IN THE CASE OF THIS

                    BILL THAT HAS THE BURDEN PRETTY LOW IN TERMS OF JUST A DUTY TO TRY AND

                    FIND ANOTHER TENANT FOR THAT SPACE.

                                 THIS IS A GOOD BILL FOR SMALL BUSINESS, ESPECIALLY TO --

                    IN RETAIL SPACES TO NOT MAKE IT SO EASY FOR A -- A COMMERCIAL LANDLORD TO

                    LEAVE A SPACE VACANT, WHICH COULD HURT OTHER RETAIL BUSINESSES IN A

                    RETAIL MULTI-BUSINESS SETTING.  AND SO, I'LL LEAVE IT THERE.

                                 HAPPY TO ANSWER ANY QUESTIONS AND TALK IN MORE

                    DETAIL, BUT I RECOMMEND SUPPORT FOR BASICALLY RESTORING THE LAW TO WHAT

                    IT WAS BEFORE 1995, MAKING THE LAW CONSISTENT TO WHAT WE DID IN 2019

                    AS IT RELATES TO RESIDENTIAL LEASES.  AND MORE BROADLY, AS A MATTER OF

                    JURISPRUDENCE, IT'S A PRINCIPLE IN LAW THAT'S LONGSTANDING AND MAKES

                    SENSE AND NEW YORK NEVER SHOULD HAVE DEVIATED FROM IT.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. MOLITOR.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL

                    THE SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. OTIS:  OF COURSE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  THANK YOU, MR. OTIS.  I APOLOGIZE

                    FOR TALKING BEHIND YOUR BACK AND OVER YOU AT THE SAME TIME.

                                 (LAUGHTER)

                                 SO, MR. OTIS, THIS BILL HAS BEEN AROUND FOR A FEW

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    YEARS.  HAS THIS BILL CHANGED SUBSTANTIALLY AT ALL FROM LAST YEAR'S

                    VERSION?

                                 MR. OTIS:  NO, IT IS EXACTLY THE SAME.  WE'VE PASSED

                    THIS BILL A NUMBER OF TIMES AND MOVED THIS BILL A NUMBER OF TIMES.

                    AND THE ASSEMBLY -- THE WISER HOUSE -- HAS CHOSEN TO PASS THIS BILL.

                    THE SENATE HAS NOT COME TO THAT SENSE OF WISDOM YET, BUT I'M SURE

                    THEY WILL.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  WOULD THAT MAKE ME WISER SINCE

                    I'M IN THE WISER HOUSE, MR. OTIS?

                                 MR. OTIS:  I THINK THAT'S -- HAVING GOTTEN TO KNOW

                    YOU, I THINK THE ANSWER IS YES.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  SO ALL RIGHT.  MR. OTIS, IN THE EVENT

                    A COMMERCIAL TENANT BREACHES A CONTRACT, THE TENANT, UNDER THIS BILL,

                    WOULD NOT BE BOUND BY A LEASE AGREEMENT THAT PROVIDED FOR LIQUIDATED

                    -- LIQUIDATED DAMAGES UPON A -- A BREACH OF THAT CONTRACT; ISN'T THAT

                    CORRECT?

                                 MR. OTIS:  THAT'S ACTUALLY NOT -- NOT ACCURATE.  THE

                    -- THE DEFAULTING TENANT WOULD STILL BE LIABLE, BUT THE LANDLORD WOULD

                    HAVE A DUTY TO MAKE AN ATTEMPT TO TRY AND LEASE THE SPACE AND -- AND IN

                    THAT CASE, IT MAY RELIEVE THE -- THE TENANT OF THAT BURDEN.  BUT I SHOULD

                    ADD AT THIS JUNCTURE BECAUSE THE BURDEN'S RATHER LOW, AND I'M GONNA

                    READ FROM THE -- THE EXISTING STATUTE --

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  MR. OTIS, I'M SORRY TO INTERRUPT YOU.

                                 MR. OTIS:  OKAY.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  BEFORE YOU READ, I THINK YOU -- I

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THINK I MIGHT HAVE MISSTATED MY QUESTION.  LET ME RE-ASK IT.

                                 MR. OTIS:  OKAY.  I APOLOGIZE.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  IF A COMMERCIAL LANDLORD AND A

                    COMMERCIAL TENANT NEGOTIATE A LEASE, AND IN THAT LEASE THEY AGREE THAT

                    IN THE EVENT OF A BREACH OF CONTRACT THERE WOULD BE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES

                    WHERE THE TENANT WOULD HAVE TO PAY THE LANDLORD FOR THAT BREACH,

                    WOULDN'T THIS BILL, IF IT BECOMES LAW, ELIMINATE THAT?  THOSE CONTRACTED

                    TERMS?

                                 MR. OTIS:  WELL, AGAIN THE -- THE LAST SECTION -- THE

                    LAST SENTENCE OF THE BILL SAYS, "ANY PROVISION IN A LEASE THAT EXEMPTS A

                    LANDLORD'S DUTY TO MITIGATE DAMAGES UNDER THIS SECTION SHALL BE VOID AS

                    CONTRARY TO PUBLIC POLICY."  SO, THE WAY I WOULD INTERPRET YOUR -- YOUR

                    QUESTION IS, A TENANT WHO DEFAULTED WOULD NOT BE RELIEVED OF THE DUTY

                    TO PAY DAMAGES, BUT A -- A LANDLORD WOULD STILL HAVE A DUTY TO MAKE

                    REASONABLE EFFORTS TO TRY AND RE-LEASE THE PROPERTY, IN WHICH CASE THAT

                    MAY ACTUALLY RELIEVE THE DEFAULTING TENANT OF THAT OBLIGATION BECAUSE

                    THAT'S WHAT THE POINT OF MITIGATING DAMAGES IS.  AND THIS IS THE POINT

                    WHERE I'M GONNA READ FROM ANOTHER SECTION, IF YOU'LL ALLOW ME.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  WELL, LET ME JUST, IF I COULD, JUST ASK

                    --

                                 MR. OTIS:  OKAY.  SURE.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  -- A CLARIFYING QUESTION.  BUT IN THAT

                    SCENARIO, THE LIQUIDATED DAMAGES THAT WERE AGREED UPON IN THE CONTRACT

                    IN CASE OF A BREACH, THAT PROVISION OF THE CONTRACT WOULD BE NULL AND

                    VOID BASED UPON THAT LANGUAGE THAT YOU HAD JUST READ FROM THE BILL; IS

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THAT CORRECT?

                                 MR. OTIS:  NO, I DON'T THINK SO.  I THINK THAT -- I

                    THINK THAT THE OBLIGATION TO PAY DAMAGES IS NOT RELIEVED, BUT THERE IS A

                    DUTY TO TRY AND MITIGATE ON THE PART OF THE LANDLORD.  AND SO I -- I'LL

                    DIFFER ON OUR INTERPRETATION OF EXACTLY HOW THAT WORKS.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  I UNDERSTAND.

                                 MR. OTIS:  NOW -- NOW CAN I READ MY LITTLE -- I WANT

                    TO READ IT JUST BECAUSE I WANT TO SHOW THE BURDEN'S LOW FOR THE -- FOR

                    THE LANDLORD.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  NO, NO.  I UNDERSTAND.  I -- I'VE READ

                    THAT PART OF THE SECTION.  I'D LIKE TO --

                                 MR. OTIS:  BUT NOT EVERYONE HERE HAS HEARD.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  I -- I'M SURE THEY HAVE.  I'M SURE

                    EVERYONE HAS READ YOUR BILL, MR. OTIS.

                                 BUT THE -- SO I JUST WANT TO BE CLEAR.  THE DAY THAT THIS

                    BILL BECOMES LAW, IT WOULD INVALIDATE ALL THOSE PREVIOUSLY NEGOTIATED

                    LEASE TERMS THAT PROVIDE FOR LIQUIDATED DAMAGES AND/OR REQUIRE THE

                    BREACHING TENANT TO SUBLET AND MITIGATE DAMAGES.

                                 MR. OTIS:  SO AGAIN, MY ANSWER IS THE SAME, WHICH

                    IS TO THE EXTENT THAT THOSE LEASE PROVISIONS WOULD INVALIDATE THE DUTY TO

                    MITIGATE, THOSE LEASE PROVISIONS WOULD NOT BE EFFECTIVE TO THAT EXTENT.

                    BUT I DO NOT INTERPRET IT AS RELIEVING THE -- WE'LL TAKE THE SCENARIO

                    WHERE SOMEONE HAS MADE A REASONABLE ATTEMPT TO RE-LEASE THE PROPERTY

                    AND BEEN UNSUCCESSFUL.  THE DEFAULTING TENANT WOULD STILL BE LIABLE FOR

                    THEIR DAMAGES.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  ALL RIGHT.  THANK YOU, MR. OTIS.

                                 NOW, I -- I'M SURE, AS YOU KNOW, IN A COMMERCIAL

                    LEASE AGREEMENT THE -- THESE ARE -- YOU KNOW, BOTH PARTIES ARE

                    REPRESENTED BY ATTORNEYS.  THE ATTORNEYS NEGOTIATE THESE LEASE

                    AGREEMENTS AND, YOU KNOW, THEY'RE -- THEY FINE-TUNE THEM.  WHY

                    SHOULD THE STATE LEGISLATURE STEP IN AND UNDO THOSE LEASE AGREEMENTS

                    THAT HAVE BEEN CAREFULLY AGREED UPON BY WELL-REPRESENTED AND

                    EXPERIENCED PARTIES?

                                 MR. OTIS:  WELL, BECAUSE THE DUTY TO MITIGATE,

                    WHICH IS A PRINCIPLE THAT GOES BACK HUNDREDS OF YEARS IN LAW, MAKES A

                    LOT OF SENSE.  AND SO EVEN BEFORE 1995, ATTORNEYS FOR BOTH SIDES

                    NEGOTIATED LEASE AGREEMENTS, AND THAT WOULD STILL BE THE CASE.  BUT THE

                    PRINCIPLE AND THE BENEFIT OF HAVING THE DUTY TO MITIGATE HAS A BENEFIT IN

                    LAW THAT WE CHOSE TO ADOPT IN RESIDENTIAL LEASES IN 2019, AND WE

                    SHOULD, IN MY VIEW, BRING ON TO COMMERCIAL LEASES WITH THIS

                    LEGISLATION.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  BUT IN THE ALMOST 30 YEARS SINCE THE

                    NEW YORK COURT OF APPEALS RELIED UPON PRECEDENT IN HOLDING THAT THE

                    DUTY TO MITIGATE FOR COMMERCIAL LANDLORDS DOES NOT EXIST, THERE -- THERE

                    HAS NOT BEEN ANY GREAT BURDEN PLACED UPON OUR BUSINESSES WHO HAVE

                    BEEN SINCE THAT TIME NEGOTIATING AND ENTERING INTO LEASE AGREEMENTS FOR

                    ALL THESE YEARS; ISN'T THAT CORRECT?

                                 MR. OTIS:  WELL, ACTUALLY, I -- I WOULD NOT AGREE

                    WITH THAT ASSUMPTION.  IN FACT, WHEN I FIRST INTRODUCED THIS LEGISLATION I

                    HEARD FROM TENANTS WHO WERE IN THIS SITUATION AND FELT STRONGLY THAT THE

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    DUTY TO MITIGATE WOULD BE A GOOD THING FOR BUSINESSES AND FOR THE LAW.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  WELL, I UNDERSTAND -- I UNDERSTAND

                    THE PROBLEM OF HAVING, YOU KNOW, EMPTY BUILDINGS.  WE -- YOU AND I

                    HAVE TALKED ABOUT THIS, AND HOW THOSE EMPTY BUILDINGS MIGHT IMPOSE,

                    YOU KNOW, A PROBLEM WITHIN THE COMMUNITY.  AREN'T WE CREATING A

                    LARGER PROBLEM HERE WITH THIS BILL IN FORCING A LANDLORD, BY LAW, TO FIX

                    UP AND RENT OUT A SPACE INSTEAD OF COLLECTING DAMAGES FROM A

                    BREACHING TENANT?

                                 MR. OTIS:  NO, I THINK TO THE CONTRARY.  EMPTY

                    STOREFRONTS ARE BAD FOR THE ECONOMY, BAD FOR OTHER BUSINESSES.  AND

                    THIS WILL BE THE PLACE WHERE I READ THE LANGUAGE THAT --

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  GO AHEAD, MR. OTIS.

                                 MR. OTIS:  -- THAT YOU -- YOU HAVE READ, WHICH IS,

                    AGAIN, THE BURDEN IS PRETTY LOW.  THE LANGUAGE IN THE LAW NOW FOR

                    RESIDENTIAL LEASES AND WOULD BE FOR COMMERCIAL LEASES IS THAT THE -- THE

                    DUTY FALLING UPON THE LANDLORD IS TO IN GOOD FAITH AND ACCORDING TO

                    LANDLORD'S RESOURCES AND ABILITIES, TAKE REASONABLE AND CUSTOMARY

                    ACTIONS TO RENT THE PREMISES AT FAIR MARKET VALUE OR TO A RATE AGREED TO

                    DURING THE PREMISES AT FAIR MARKET VALUE OR A RATE AGREED TO DURING THE

                    TERM OF THE PREVIOUS TENANT TO MITIGATE DAMAGES.  SO IT'S -- WHEN THE

                    RESIDENTIAL RIGHT DUTY TO MITIGATE WAS ENACTED IN 2019, GREAT CARE WENT

                    INTO THAT THE LANGUAGE TO MAKE SURE THAT THE BURDEN WAS NOT TOO HIGH

                    ON LANDLORDS.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  THANK YOU FOR READING THAT SECTION.

                    I DID WANT TO FOCUS ON LINE -- THE -- THE VERY END OF THAT CLAUSE THAT YOU

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    READ.  I'M GONNA READ IT AGAIN, BUT I JUST WANT TO FOCUS ON THE VERY END

                    OF THAT CLAUSE, WHICH IS ON LINE 12.  SO IT SAYS IF A TENANT VACATES A

                    PREMISES IN VIOLATION OF THE TERMS OF THE LEASE, THE LANDLORD SHALL, IN

                    GOOD FAITH AND ACCORDING TO THE LANDLORD'S RESOURCES AND ABILITIES, TAKE

                    REASONABLE AND CUSTOMARY ACTIONS TO RENT THE PREMISES AT FAIR MARKET

                    VALUE OR AT THE RENT -- AT THE RATE AGREED TO DURING THE TERM OF THE

                    TENANCY -- AND THIS IS THE PART I WANT TO FOCUS ON -- WHICHEVER IS LOWER.

                    DON'T YOU THINK IT'S UNDULY BURDENSOME -- I MEAN, NOT ONLY DO

                    COMMERCIAL LANDLORDS NOW HAVE TO -- HAVE TO MITIGATE, RIGHT, THEY HAVE

                    TO MAKE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO TRY TO FIND SOMEBODY TO NOW RENT THIS

                    SPACE.  BUT IF SOMEBODY COMES ALONG AND SAYS, I'LL GIVE YOU MORE THAN

                    FAIR MARKET VALUE, OR THE FAIR MARKET VALUE IS MORE THAN WHAT THE

                    PREVIOUS TENANT PAID, ACCORDING TO THIS BILL LANGUAGE THEY COULDN'T

                    ACCEPT THAT.

                                 MR. OTIS:  I'M NOT SURE THAT I -- I READ IT THAT WAY.

                    BUT THIS SECTION IS THE EXISTING LAW.  THAT'S THE LAW FOR RESIDENTIAL

                    LEASES NOW.  AND THE -- SO I -- I THINK I DO NOT AGREE WITH YOUR -- YOUR

                    INTERPRETATION HERE THAT -- CERTAINLY, THEIR DUTY TO MITIGATE ISN'T GOING TO

                    -- SHOULD NOT BENEFIT THE DEFAULTING TENANT GREATER THAN WHAT THEY

                    WOULD HAVE HAD TO PAY HAD THEY STILL STAYED IN THE SPACE.  I THINK THAT

                    THAT'S WHAT THAT PHRASE IS INTENDED TO ADDRESS.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  WELL, YOU KNOW, AND I UNDERSTAND

                    MITIGATING, YOU KNOW, DAMAGES, RIGHT?  IT -- IT BENEFITS THE TENANT, YOU

                    KNOW, BECAUSE THEN THE TENANT DOESN'T HAVE TO PAY BACK AS MUCH OF

                    WHAT THEY OWE.  MY -- MY CONCERN IS THAT LANGUAGE, WHICH --

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    "WHICHEVER IS LOWER" PREVENTS THE LANDLORD FROM MAKING, YOU KNOW,

                    MORE MONEY IF A BETTER OPPORTUNITY COMES ALONG IN FURTHERANCE OF THE

                    -- OF THE DUTY TO MITIGATE.  SO I GUESS THAT'S THE ONLY POINT THAT I WOULD

                    MAKE AND COUNTER.

                                 MR. OTIS:  SURELY.  I MEAN, I'D JUST SAY THAT -- THAT IS

                    -- WHEN THE SOLUTION IN 2019 WAS DEVISED, THIS IS -- THESE ARE THE

                    EQUITIES IN THE FORMULA THAT WAS ARRIVED AT AT THAT TIME.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  I UNDERSTAND.  THANK YOU VERY

                    MUCH FOR YOUR TIME, MR. OTIS.

                                 ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. MOLITOR:  I KNOW THAT THE -- THAT THE SPONSOR

                    OF THIS BILL HAS HAD TO DEBATE MY PREDECESSOR NUMEROUS TIMES, AND I

                    DON'T WANT TO -- I DON'T WANT TO, YOU KNOW, SHORTCHANGE HIM AT ALL.

                    AND SO I'D LIKE TO SHARE A LITTLE BIT OF LANGUAGE FROM MY PREDECESSOR

                    ABOUT THIS BILL, IF I COULD, PLEASE.

                                 SO IN OTHER WORDS, IF THE LANDLORD HAS THE DUTY TO

                    MITIGATE, THE RENT'S GOING TO BE HIGHER BECAUSE THE LANDLORD IS TAKING ON

                    MORE RISK.  AND SO WE CAN'T STEP -- WE CAN'T AND SHOULDN'T STEP IN THE

                    MIDDLE AND REWRITE THE LEASE AGREEMENTS THAT HAVE BEEN CAREFULLY

                    NEGOTIATED WITH LAWYERS BETWEEN LARGE COMPANIES TO CHANGE THE

                    FUNDAMENTAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS.  AS WE MENTIONED, THESE LEASE

                    AGREEMENTS OFTEN CONTAIN A LIQUIDATED DAMAGE CLAUSE, AND THEY SAY,

                    LOOK, IF THE TENANT BREACHES, DEPENDING ON HOW MUCH TIME WAS LEFT ON

                    THE LEASE, THE TENANT AGREES IN ADVANCE TO PAY A CERTAIN AMOUNT.  THAT

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HELPS BOTH THE TENANT AND THE LANDLORD.  IT LIMITS THE ABILITY TO THE

                    TENANT TO AN AMOUNT THEY KNOW, AND IT HELPS THE LANDLORD KNOW WHAT

                    THEIR REVENUE STREAM IS GOING TO BE.

                                 I WOULD ADD TO THAT THAT SOME LANDLORDS, BASED UPON

                    THIS LEGISLATION IF PASSED BY BOTH HOUSES AND SIGNED INTO LAW, MAY

                    WISH TO AVOID THE RISK ALL TOGETHER.  THEY'RE GONNA STRUGGLE WITH THE

                    SUDDEN AND DISRUPTIVE REMOVAL OF THEIR NEGOTIATED LEASE AGREEMENTS,

                    AND THIS BILL MAY HAVE A NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE NUMBER OF AVAILABLE

                    SPACES FOR COMMERCIAL TENANTS IN OUR STATE.

                                 AND SO I'D ENCOURAGE MY COLLEAGUES TO VOTE NO ON

                    THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PIECE OF

                    LEGISLATION.  IF THERE ARE VOTES IN THE AFFIRMATIVE THEY MAY BE CAST AT

                    THIS TIME.

                                 THANK YOU SO MUCH.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THE MAJORITY

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CONFERENCE IS GOING TO BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE OF LEGISLATION;

                    HOWEVER, THERE MAY BE A COUPLE THAT WANT TO BE AN EXCEPTION.  THEY

                    SHOULD FEEL FREE TO DO SO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 17, RULES REPORT NO. 463, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08160-A, RULES

                    REPORT NO. 463, EPSTEIN, ROSENTHAL, COLTON, SHIMSKY, SEAWRIGHT,

                    REYES, LEVENBERG, BURDICK.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE ENVIRONMENTAL

                    CONSERVATION LAW, IN RELATION TO DIRECTING STATE AGENCIES TO ADOPT A

                    WASTE DIVERSION PLAN.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  THANK YOU.  THIS BILL CREATES A

                    LEGISLATIVE PROCESS TO DEAL WITH EXECUTIVE ORDER 22 ON WASTE

                    REMEDIATION, WASTE MANAGEMENT.  IN 2022 THE GOVERNOR SIGNED AN

                    EXECUTIVE ORDER TO REDUCE WASTE IN GOVERNMENT-OWNED PROPERTIES.

                    THIS CREATES -- CREATES A STATUTORY OBLIGATION TO DO THAT IN OUR

                    GOVERNMENT-OWNED PROPERTIES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. SIMPSON.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  MADAM SPEAKER, WILL THE BILL

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  HAPPY TO.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  WELL, THANK YOU.  SO AS YOU SAID, AS

                    YOU MENTIONED, THE GOVERNOR DID THIS THROUGH EXECUTIVE ORDER 22.

                    AND SO MY FIRST QUESTION IS, WHY ARE WE PASSING A BILL CODIFYING IT IN

                    LAW?  ISN'T THE GOVERNOR'S EXECUTIVE ORDER SUFFICIENT?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  WELL, YOU KNOW, AS YOU ARE WELL

                    AWARE, GOVERNORS CAN ISSUE EXECUTIVE ORDERS AND RETRACT THEM AT ANY

                    MOMENT, VERSUS LEGISLATION WILL HAVE THE FULL FORCE OF THE LAW OF THE

                    STATE TO CREATE OBLIGATIONS.  AND THERE ARE SOME, YOU KNOW, SLIGHT

                    DIFFERENCES WITHIN OUR BILL THAN THE EXECUTIVE ORDER.  BUT IT JUST REALLY

                    REQUIRES CODIFICATION OF A MANDATE TO DO WASTE REDUCTION ACROSS OUR

                    STATE-OWNED PROPERTIES.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  OKAY.  AND I SEE THAT YOUR BILL, JUST

                    LIKE THE GOVERNOR'S EXECUTIVE ORDER, CALLS FOR A REPORT TO BE ISSUED.  IT

                    APPOINTS A GREEN -- NEW YORK -- A GREEN NEW YORK COUNCIL.  AND

                    YOUR BILL DOES THE SAME, IT CONTINUES WITH THAT.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  YES.  SO THE GOVERNOR HAS THE GREEN

                    COUNCIL.  THEY MEET QUARTERLY.  THEY HAVE LEADERSHIP FROM ALL -- A

                    BUNCH OF AGENCIES WHO MEET REGULARLY TO TALK ABOUT HOW WE REDUCE

                    WASTE IN OUR GOVERNMENT-OWNED PROPERTIES.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  ALL RIGHT.  I -- I DID DO A SEARCH AND

                    I LOOKED UP THE -- THE REPORT, AS YOU SUGGESTED.  AND ACTUALLY, I THINK

                    THAT THEY HAVE MADE SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS IN THE AMOUNT OF WASTE.

                    THIS BILL CALLS FOR A OVERALL GOAL OF 75 PERCENT REDUCTION, 10 PERCENT

                    EVERY FIVE YEARS.  WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE REACH THE 75 PERCENT

                    REDUCTION?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE REDUCE THE

                    WASTE BY 75 PERCENT --

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  YEAH.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  -- AND WE DO DIVERSION AND LESS

                    SINGLE-USE ITEMS?  I MEAN, I THINK WE APPLAUD OUR EFFORT TO BE

                    SUCCESSFUL AND SHOW NEW YORKERS THAT WHEN GOVERNMENT FUNCTIONS IN

                    AN APPROPRIATE WAY, WE ACTUALLY CAN DO WHAT WE ASK OTHER PEOPLE TO

                    DO.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  WELL, IN THAT REPORT THERE WERE SOME

                    OF THOSE PERCENTAGES OF ACCOMPLISHMENT THAT WERE IN THE 80S, 80

                    PERCENT, 89 PERCENT IN SOME AREAS.  SO I'M JUST CURIOUS AS TO --

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  YEAH.  SO MOST OF THAT WAS NOT IN THE

                    WASTE MANAGEMENT AREA.  IT WAS -- MOST OF THAT WAS, YOU KNOW, ACROSS

                    THE BOARD.  THE WHOLE GREEN COUNCIL REQUIRES ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND

                    WASTE REDUCTION, AND THIS PIECE IS JUST A WASTE REDUCTION PIECE.  I KNOW

                    WE'VE SEEN IN SOME AREAS REAL SUCCESS.  IN OTHER AREAS LIKE IN

                    COMPOSTING AND -- AND USING -- GETTING RID OF SINGLE-USE ITEMS, WE'VE

                    NOT BEEN AS SUCCESSFUL AND THIS (INDISCERNIBLE) WILL ENCOURAGE US TO DO

                    A BETTER JOB IN THOSE FIELDS.

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  OKAY.  IN THAT EXECUTIVE ORDER

                    NUMBER 22, THERE WERE ALSO OTHER EDICTS, ESSENTIALLY.  REDUCING

                    GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, WHICH INCLUDED, YOU KNOW, MOVING TO

                    ELECTRIFY HOUSES, AFFECTING CONSTRUCTION.  THERE WERE -- ALL AFFECTED

                    ENTITIES, STATE ENTITIES, WOULD HAVE 100 PERCENT OF THE LIGHT-DUTY NON-

                    EMERGENCY VE -- VEHICLE FLEETS BE ZERO EMISSION.  WHY IS THAT NOT PART

                    OF YOUR BILL?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  SO WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO DO IS GRAPPLE

                    WITH A PIECE OF THIS AND, YOU KNOW, OBVIOUSLY, THE OVERALL EXECUTIVE

                    ORDER WILL BE, YOU KNOW, THE -- THAT'S THE ORDER FROM THE GOVERNOR AND

                    THE STATE AGENCIES WILL HAVE TO COMPLY.  THIS IS JUST TAKING ONE PIECE

                    OF IT AND PUTTING MORE LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITY UNDER IT.  BUT THERE ARE

                    OBVIOUSLY OTHER PIECES THAT ARE NOT BEING COVERED HERE, BUT THAT DOESN'T

                    MEAN THEY CAN'T MOVE -- AREN'T RESPONSIBLE TO MOVE FORWARD PURSUANT

                    TO THE EXECUTIVE ORDER.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  SO ANOTHER WAY I WANT TO ASK THIS

                    QUESTION IS, YOU KNOW, WE STILL HAVE MANDATES ON ENTITIES OUTSIDE OF

                    THE STATE AGENCIES THAT FALL UNDER DEADLINES THAT THEY HAVE TO MEET.

                    FORTUNATELY, WE SAW THAT THE BUS MANDATE WAS PROLONGED, YOU KNOW,

                    TO GIVE MORE TIME SO THAT IT COULD BE EFFECTIVE.  BY NOT INCLUDING THAT

                    IN YOUR BILL, ARE WE ALSO GIVING THE STATE MORE TIME TO ACCOMPLISH

                    THESE GOALS THAT WERE SET FORTH?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  NO, I DON'T THINK THAT CHANGES

                    ANYTHING OR THE OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE EXECUTIVE ORDER.  I THINK IT JUST

                    SAYS WE'RE DRILLING DOWN ON ONE SECTION, WHICH IS REALLY CRITICAL WHICH

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                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    IS THE REDUCTION OF WASTE AND DO WASTE DIVERSION AND MAKING SURE THAT

                    THE STATE PUTS A REAL LASER FOCUS TO IT.  NOT TO SAY THAT OTHER THINGS DON'T

                    MATTER LIKE ENERGY EFFICIENCY.  THOSE ARE CRITICAL COMPONENTS TO

                    OVERALL GETTING TO OUR CLCPA GOALS, BUT THIS IS JUST ONE PIECE OF THE

                    OVERALL PIE.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  SO WHERE'S THE ACCOUNTABILITY WITH

                    ALL OF THESE?  YOU KNOW, I KNOW THAT YOUR BILL PERTAINS TO ONE SECTION.

                    IS IT THE LEGISLATIVE BODY THAT HAS OVERSIGHT OF THIS?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  ON THE EXECUTIVE ORDER OR ON THIS?

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  ON YOUR BILL.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  ON OUR BILL.  SO THEY REQUIRE REGULAR

                    REPORTING AND THEY HAVE TO MAKE IT PUBLICLY AVAILABLE.  AND RIGHT NOW

                    UNDER THE CURRENT GREEN COUNCIL, THESE REPORTS ARE -- ARE NOT REQUIRED

                    TO -- IN EVERY YEAR.  AND WE ALSO REASSESS THE GOALS EVERY FIVE YEARS

                    UNDER OUR -- UNDER OUR BILL.  SO IT PUTS A -- A BIGGER MICROSCOPE UNDER

                    THE ISSUES THAT -- THAT AREN'T REALLY AS REQUIRED IN THE EXECUTIVE ORDER.

                    IT ALLOWS US TO REALLY HIGHLIGHT OUR SUCCESS, POTENTIALLY, IN THIS AREA.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  SO IS IT THE GOVERNOR OR THE

                    LEGISLATIVE BODY THAT HAS THE OVERSIGHT AUTHORITY OVER THE GOALS AND

                    ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF YOUR BILL?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  WELL, THE GOVERNOR AS THE, YOU

                    KNOW, THE HEAD OF ALL THOSE AGENCIES WILL HAVE -- CONTINUE TO HAVE

                    OVERSIGHT.  BUT THEN WE WILL BE GETTING REGULAR REPORTS FROM THEM TO BE

                    ABLE TO DETERMINE IF THEY'RE BEING SUCCESSFUL, WHAT OTHER -- IF ANY OTHER

                    LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS WE MIGHT WANT TO PUT INTO PLACE.

                                         239



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  OKAY.

                                 THE ONE THING I DIDN'T SEE IN THE REPORT, AND I MAY

                    HAVE MISSED IT, WERE ANY COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS

                    PROGRAM?

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  SO WITHIN THE BUDGET THAT WE PASSED

                    THERE WERE DOLLARS SET ASIDE FOR AGENCIES TO COMPLY WITH THE EXECUTIVE

                    ORDER 22.  SO BECAUSE THIS IS REALLY JUST IN LINE WITH THOSE

                    REQUIREMENTS, THERE'S NO ADDITIONAL COST NECESSARY IN THIS BILL.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  DO WE KNOW WHAT THOSE COSTS ARE,

                    THOUGH?  I MEAN, IT -- IT SOUNDS (INDISCERNIBLE/CROSS-TALK) --

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  I DON'T KNOW AGENCY BY AGENCY WHAT

                    THEY ALLOCATED, BUT THERE WERE SPECIFIC ALLOCATIONS SET ASIDE IN THE

                    BUDGET FOR IT.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  OKAY.  WELL, I THINK THAT'S ALL THE

                    QUESTIONS I HAVE ON THIS BILL.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. SIMPSON:  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  READ THE LAST

                    SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE CLERK WILL

                    RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MR. EPSTEIN TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  I RISE

                                         240



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    TO EXPLAIN MY VOTE.

                                 SO, SIX YEARS AGO WE STOOD IN THIS CHAMBER AND SAID

                    WE NEED TO GET TO A BETTER PLACE ON THE ENVIRONMENT, AND WE PASSED

                    THIS SWEEPING CLIMATE LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY PROTECTION ACT.

                    AND ALONG THE WAY WE HAVE THE GOVERNMENT NEEDS TO LEAD IN THESE

                    EFFORTS.  AND ONE WAY TO DO THAT IS TO REDUCE OUR CAP -- OUR -- OUR

                    RELIANCE ON (INDISCERNIBLE) FUELS, BUT ALSO DO WASTE REDUCTION HERE.

                    AND ACROSS ALL GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS WE HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY JUST TO

                    DO WHAT WE SAY WE'RE GONNA DO AND NOT JUST LET THE PUBLIC DO IT.  THIS

                    IS A GOOD WAY, THROUGH THIS BILL, TO ALLOW NEW YORKERS TO LEAD THROUGH

                    OUR GOVERNMENT ACTION.  THIS ALLOWS AGENCIES LIKE OGS, WHO MANAGES

                    ALL OF OUR GOVERNMENT-OWNED PROPERTIES, TO BE ABLE TO SAY, OKAY, WE

                    ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DOING WASTE REDUCTION, AND THERE ARE SPECIFIC

                    TIMELINES TO GET THAT DONE.

                                 I ENCOURAGE ALL MY COLLEAGUES TO VOTE IN FAVOR OF THIS

                    BILL.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. EPSTEIN IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 MR. CHANG TO EXPLAIN HIS VOTE.

                                 MR. CHANG:  WELL, THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 THIS BILL DOESN'T GO FAR ENOUGH AND, UNFORTUNATELY, IS

                    ONE -- ONE AREA THAT ALWAYS CONFOUND ME IS SCHOOL FOOD WASTE.  CAN

                    WE LEGISLATE KIDS NOT TO WASTE THEIR FOOD?  EVERY TIME I GO TO THE

                    SCHOOL I SEE FOODS BEING DUMPED IN THE -- IN THE GARBAGE AND THEY ARE

                    BEING -- NOT BEING EATEN.  SO IF WE CAN DO THAT, THAT WOULD BE ONE BIG

                                         241



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WINNING FOR THIS BILL.  WE CAN FIND A WAY.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. CHANG IN THE

                    AFFIRMATIVE [SIC].

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  MADAM SPEAKER, IF WE

                    CAN NOW GO TO RULES REPORT NO. 503 BY MS. SIMON, FOLLOWED BY RULES

                    REPORT NO. 541 BY MS. MITAYNES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 PAGE 19, RULES REPORT NO. 503, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  SENATE NO. S01226, RULES REPORT NO.

                    503, SENATOR RIVERA (A06004, SIMON, CRUZ, REYES, GLICK, WEPRIN,

                    BURDICK, JACOBSON, OTIS, CUNNINGHAM, SEAWRIGHT, SANTABARBARA,

                    MITAYNES, GONZÁLEZ-ROJAS, COLTON, FORREST, PHEFFER AMATO, BARRETT,

                    SHRESTHA, LEVENBERG, MAMDANI, DINOWITZ, TAPIA, LEE, KELLES, TAYLOR,

                    BORES, RAGA, ALVAREZ, ROSENTHAL, EACHUS).  AN ACT TO AMEND THE

                    PUBLIC HEALTH LAW, IN RELATION TO PROVIDING PUBLIC NOTICE AND PUBLIC

                    ENGAGEMENT WHEN A GENERAL HOSPITAL SEEKS TO CLOSE ENTIRELY OR A UNIT

                    THAT PROVIDES MATERNITY, MENTAL HEALTH OR SUBSTANCE USE CARE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  AN EXPLANATION HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. SIMON.

                                         242



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 MS. SIMON:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 THE CURRENT LAW REQUIRES THAT A COMMUNITY FORUM BE

                    HELD AFTER A GENERAL HOSPITAL HAS ALREADY BEEN CLOSED, AND DOES NOT

                    REQUIRE THE COMMISSIONER OF HEALTH TO CONSIDER THE HEALTHCARE NEEDS

                    OF THE COMMUNITY, INCLUDING EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE OR TRANSITIONAL

                    CARE, AS PART OF THE COMMISSIONER'S DECISION TO APPROVE A HOSPITAL

                    CLOSURE.  THIS BILL WOULD ESTABLISH A PROCEDURE FOR THE CLOSURE OF A

                    GENERAL HOSPITAL OR AN EMERGENCY, MENTAL HEALTH OR MATERNITY UNIT

                    BEFORE THE FACILITY CLOSES.

                                 THIS BILL WOULD ALSO ENHANCE THE CURRENT COMMUNITY

                    FORUM TO ALLOW FOR PUBLIC FEEDBACK PRIOR TO CLOSURE, AS WELL AS TO

                    PROVIDE A PROCESS FOR PUBLIC COMMENTS ON THE HOSPITAL'S CLOSURE AND A

                    REQUIREMENT THAT THOSE COMMENTS BE HEARD.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. JENSEN.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  WILL

                    MY HONORABLE COLLEAGUE FROM BROOKLYN YIELD FOR A FEW QUESTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. SIMON:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  I THANK YOU, MS. SIMON.

                                 I THINK YOU AND I, IN SOME WAY, SHAPE OR FORM, HAVE

                    BEEN DEBATING A VERSION OF THIS BILL SINCE THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION.

                    AND I KNOW IT WAS SUBJECT TO A GUBERNATORIAL VETO IN 2024.  IS THE BILL

                    THAT WE HAVE BEFORE US TODAY ANY DIFFERENT FROM THE VERSION THAT WAS

                                         243



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    VETOED BY GOVERNOR HOCHUL?

                                 MS. SIMON:  NO, BECAUSE IT WAS PERFECT LAST YEAR AS

                    WELL.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  OKAY.  WELL, THAT'S -- OPINIONS ARE

                    SOMETIMES IN THE EYE OF THE BEHOLDER, BUT I APPRECIATE YOUR -- YOUR SELF

                    CONFIDENCE IN YOUR LEGISLATIVE DRAFTING ABILITY.

                                 COULD YOU REITERATE, I KNOW YOU MENTIONED IT IN YOUR

                    EXPLANATIONS, BUT WHAT TYPE OF SERVICES PROVIDED BY A HOSPITAL OR A

                    MEDICAL CENTER WOULD BE COVERED UNDER THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE

                    LEGISLATION?

                                 MS. SIMON:  A GENERAL HOSPITAL, THE WHOLE HOSPITAL,

                    RIGHT?  THE OTHER WOULD BE EMERGENCY, MATERNITY, MENTAL HEALTH OR

                    SUBSTANCE -- SUBSTANCE USE SERVICES.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  OKAY.  SO UNDER THE PURVIEW OF THIS

                    LEGISLATION, IF A HOSPITAL SYSTEM OPERATES A GENERAL HOSPITAL AS WELL AS

                    OFFSITE FROM THE HOSPITAL ANY OF THOSE ASSOCIATED TYPES OF CARE OFF THE

                    HOSPITAL GROUNDS, WOULD THEY BE COVERED BY THE REQUIREMENTS IN THIS

                    LEGISLATION?

                                 MS. SIMON:  I THINK IT WOULD DEPEND ON THE WAY

                    THAT'S ORGANIZED.  MANY PLACES ALSO HAVE AN URGENT CARE OR AMBULATORY

                    CARE CENTER THAT'S IN A DIFFERENT BUILDING.  THOSE ARE GENERALLY NOT

                    EMERGENCY, MATERNITY, YOU KNOW, MENTAL HEALTH OR SUBSTANCE USE

                    SERVICES IN AN AMBULATORY CARE CENTER.  SO THAT WOULD BE NOT BE

                    TRIGGERED IN ANY WAY BY THIS.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  OKAY.  CERTAINLY, I KNOW SOME OF THE

                                         244



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    CONCERNS THAT I'VE RAISED IN THE PAST I THINK WAS DURING THE CARTER

                    ADMINISTRATION, ABOUT THE BIGGEST TWO REALITIES THAT RIGHT NOW CARE

                    PROVIDERS, ESPECIALLY HOSPITAL SYSTEMS, ARE FACING RIGHT NOW IS FINANCIAL

                    INSTABILITY AS WELL AS STAFFING NUMBERS.  DOES THIS LEGISLATION TAKE INTO

                    ACCOUNT ANY SORT OF EXCEPTIONS WHEN A HOSPITAL OR A HOSPITAL SYSTEM

                    THAT PROVIDES THESE DEDICATED COVERAGE SERVICES WOULD BE FACED WITH

                    STAFFING ISSUES OR POTENTIAL FINANCIAL INSTABILITY THAT COULD PUT THE

                    VIABILITY OF THE ENTIRE HOSPITAL SYSTEM OR MEDICAL CENTER INTO FLUX?

                                 MS. SIMON:  WELL, STAFFING ISSUES CAN COME FROM A

                    VARIETY OF REASONS, RIGHT, AND SOMETIMES THEY ARE BECAUSE OF CONDITIONS

                    AT THE HOSPITAL OR BECAUSE OF A -- A LACK OF -- RIGHT -- I -- I WOULD SAY A

                    LACK OF -- OF STAFF PERFORMING THOSE TASKS.  SO YOU MIGHT HAVE ACUTE

                    LABOR SHORTAGE, FOR EXAMPLE, WHICH IS IRRELEVANT TO THE PARTICULAR

                    INSTITUTION.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  OKAY.  WHAT ABOUT THE -- I KNOW YOU

                    MENTIONED THE STAFFING ISSUE.  WHAT ABOUT THE FINANCIAL QUESTIONS?  I

                    KNOW IN THE GOVERNOR'S VETO MESSAGE SHE MENTIONED THAT THERE WAS AN

                    IMBALANCE WITH THE LEGISLATION, OBVIOUSLY RECOGNIZING THE NEED FOR

                    TRANSPARENCY AND -- AND THE IMPACT THAT A CLOSURE COULD HAVE ON A

                    COMMUNITY.  BUT BALANCE -- BALANCING THAT WITH THE, QUOTE, "THE

                    FINANCIAL REALITY THAT STRUGGLING HOSPITALS FACE AND CHANGES IN THE

                    HEALTHCARE SERVICE DELIVERY."  WOULDN'T IT MAKE SENSE TO INCLUDE SOME

                    SORT OF EXEMPTION OR EXCEPTION IF THERE IS DIRE FINANCIAL IMPACT?

                                 MS. SIMON:  WELL, THE SITUATION IN MOST OF OUR

                    HOSPITALS IS THAT NOT MANY OF THEM HAVE AN AWFUL LOT OF MONEY.  THAT IS

                                         245



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    BECAUSE WE HAVE VERY LOW MEDICAID REIMBURSEMENT RATES, AS YOU

                    KNOW.  AND WE ARE IN DANGER OF HAVING EVEN LESS MONEY FOR HOSPITALS

                    AS A RESULT OF THE CUTS THAT MAY BE COMING FROM WASHINGTON.  SO I'M

                    VERY AWARE OF THAT POSSIBILITY, AND IT MAY BE THAT IT WOULD FORCE THE

                    CLOSURE OF HOSPITALS AND CRITICAL SERVICES.  AND I WOULD ENCOURAGE

                    EVERYBODY TO REACH OUT TO THEIR COUNTERPARTS IN CONGRESS TO ENCOURAGE

                    THEM NOT TO CUT MEDICAID.  BUT -- BECAUSE THAT'S GONNA MAKE A BIG

                    DIFFERENCE.  AND SO IF WE HAVE THAT MONEY WE'LL BE ABLE TO USE THAT

                    MONEY TO PROVIDE BETTER SERVICES AND KEEP HOSPITALS AND THOSE CRITICAL

                    UNITS OPEN.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  FAIR ENOUGH.  AND IT'S, CERTAINLY --

                    YOU KNOW, YOU WON'T GET ANY ARGUMENT FROM ME IN THAT RESPECT ABOUT

                    UNDERSTANDING HOW CRITICALLY IMPORTANT THE -- THE SOCIAL SAFETY NET THAT

                    IS MEDICAID IS TO THE HEALTHCARE DELIVERY FOR THOSE IN NEW YORK STATE

                    WHO RELY ON IT AND NEED IT FOR THEIR HEALTHCARE COVERAGE.  BUT ONE OF

                    THE CONCERNS THAT I HAVE, AND I'VE RAISED THIS BEFORE, IS THAT WHEN AN

                    INSTITUTION IS FACING FINANCIAL INSTABILITY AND THE DECISION IS MADE THAT

                    -- TO -- MUCH LIKE AN AMPUTATION -- SEVER ONE ASPECT OF OPERATIONS TO

                    SAVE THE REST OF THE OPERATIONS.  IS THERE A CONCERN -- I HAD THIS CONCERN,

                    BUT IS THERE A CONCERN THAT THE ELONGATED STEPS CONTAINED IN THIS

                    LEGISLATION COULD THEN THREATEN THE VIABILITY OF THE ENTIRE DELIVERY CARE

                    SYSTEM?

                                 MS. SIMON:  ONE COULD MAKE THAT ARGUMENT

                    RHETORICALLY.  BUT THE REALITY IS THAT YOU WOULD BE SUBMITTING A PLAN TO

                    THE STATE -- YOU WOULD BE SUBMITTING A PROPOSED PLAN TO THE STATE, THE

                                         246



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, AND YOU WOULD BE ABLE TO JUSTIFY THE

                    RATIONALE FOR WHY THAT WOULD BE.  BUT YOU WOULD ALSO, BECAUSE OF THE

                    REQUIRED TRANSPARENCY AND THE ENGAGEMENT OF THE PUBLIC, BE ABLE TO

                    BETTER ASCERTAIN WHAT ARE THOSE HEALTHCARE NEEDS FOR THE PUBLIC THAT

                    NEED TO BE MAINTAINED SOMEWHERE.  SO THIS DOESN'T STOP A HOSPITAL

                    FROM CLOSING OR A DEPARTMENT FROM CLOSING.  BUT IT DOES SAY YOU CAN'T

                    BE CLOSING A HOSPITAL WITHOUT EVEN KNOWING WHAT IT IS THAT ARE THE

                    HEALTHCARE NEEDS OF YOUR COMMUNITY.  AND IN THE EXAMPLE THAT I AM

                    FOND OF USING, WHICH IS THE CLOSURE OF MY HOSPITAL, THE -- THE

                    DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH DID NOTHING TO ASCERTAIN THE ACTUAL IMPACTS ON

                    COMMUNITY.  INSTEAD, THEY BELIEVED THE ARGUMENTS OF -- OF THE

                    PROPONENT AND, FRANKLY, THE -- THE PRIOR ADMINISTRATION HERE, THAT

                    NOBODY WENT TO THAT HOSPITAL, WHICH WAS RIDICULOUS.  AND -- BUT THEY

                    SHOULD HAVE ENGAGED THE PUBLIC BETTER, AND BECAUSE OF THAT THEY WERE

                    SUED.  SO THEY HAD -- IT TOOK THEM FOUR YEARS TO CLOSE THEIR HOSPITAL

                    INSTEAD OF TWO.  IF THEY WERE SMART, THEY WOULD HAVE DONE WHAT IT IS

                    THAT'S IN THIS BILL.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  SO WHEN -- AND -- AND REFRESH MY

                    MEMORY.  I -- I'M SURE I'VE ASKED THIS QUESTION OR YOU'VE SHARED IT.  BUT

                    WHEN WAS -- WHEN WAS THE CLOSING OF THAT FACILITY THAT INSPIRED THIS

                    LEGISLATION?

                                 MS. SIMON:  2013.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  2013.  SO 12 YEARS AGO.

                                 MS. SIMON:  YES.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  SO WE HAVE A DIFFERENT -- DO WE HAVE

                                         247



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    A DIFFERENT COMMISSIONER OF HEALTH?

                                 MS. SIMON:  WE DO.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  WE DO.  OKAY.  SO UNDERSTANDING THAT

                    PEOPLE CAN LEARN LESSONS AND BETTER DEAL WITH CIRCUMSTANCES, ISN'T IT

                    RATIONAL TO BELIEVE THAT THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH WOULD HAVE LEARNED

                    FROM THE EXPERIENCE WITH THAT FACILITY AND UNDERSTANDING THE NEED TO

                    CONTINUE TO ENGAGE WITH AN OPERATOR, WITH A HEALTHCARE SYSTEM, WITH A

                    MEDICAL CENTER, WITH A HOSPITAL, IF THEY ARE FACING ANY SORT OF

                    CIRCUMSTANCE THAT WOULD NESS -- NECESSITATE A REDUCTION IN SERVICES, TO

                    ENSURE THAT THE COMMUNITY IS CONTINUING TO BE SERVED?  IT'S NOT LIKE WE

                    HAVE A -- A -- A SYSTEM IN THE STATE WHERE, YOU KNOW, THE LAST PERSON

                    OUT THE DOOR TURNED THE LIGHTS OFF AND THAT'S -- THAT'S IT.  THERE IS ALREADY

                    A DOH PROCESS TO ENSURE THAT THERE IS ADEQUATE COVERAGE WITHIN A

                    COMMUNITY FOR CERTAIN HIGH-IMPACT CARE DELIVERY, ESPECIALLY THE ONES

                    THAT YOU MENTIONED IN THIS LEGISLATION.

                                 MS. SIMON:  SO WHAT THEY HAVE RIGHT NOW IS A

                    REQUIREMENT TO HAVE A COMMUNITY MEETING 30 DAYS AFTER THEY CLOSE THE

                    HOSPITAL.  THAT IS TOO LITTLE, TOO LATE TO MAKE ANY DIFFERENCE.  AND

                    BECAUSE THEY ARE NEVER ACTUALLY ASSESSING WHAT THE COMMUNITY'S NEEDS

                    ARE, THEY ARE WOEFULLY INADEQUATE IN THEIR DECISION-MAKING.  AND, IN

                    FACT, WE HAVE LOST OVER 41 HOSPITALS IN THE LAST TEN YEARS.  WE ARE --

                    HAVE LOST 27 RURAL HOSPITALS.  THERE ARE ABOUT 40 RURAL HOSPITALS THAT ARE

                    IN GRAVE DANGER OF CLOSING.  AND IN THOSE PLACES THERE'S NOT LIKE YOU

                    CAN GO DOWN THE BLOCK TO ANOTHER HOSPITAL.  PEOPLE WILL BE TRAVELING AN

                    HOUR, TWO HOURS, THREE HOURS JUST TO GO TO THE ER.  SO THE REALITY IS, WE

                                         248



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HAVE TO LOOK AT NOT JUST THE -- THE NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY, BUT THE

                    ABILITY OF THE COMMUNITY TO ACCESS THAT HEALTHCARE.  AND IN MANY PARTS

                    OF OUR STATE IT IS WOEFULLY INADEQUATE ALREADY, AND WE WANT TO MAKE

                    SURE THAT IT DOESN'T GET WORSE.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  SO YOU MENTIONED THE PROCESS THAT

                    YOU BELIEVE IS INADEQUATE.  BUT THAT IS THE OLD PROCESS AND DOESN'T

                    REFLECT THE DOH GUIDANCE THAT WAS SENT IN AUGUST OF 2023 THROUGH A

                    DEAR ADMINISTRATOR LETTER THAT EXPANDS THE DEFINITION OF CLOSURES TO

                    INCLUDE TEMPORARY REDUCTION OF SERVICES.  IT REQUIRES FACILITIES TO NOTIFY

                    THEIR ELECTED OFFICIALS, THEIR COMMUNITIES AND ORGANIZATIONS THAT

                    REPRESENT STAFF AT THE PROPOSED SITE OF THE CLOSURE.  IT REQUIRES FACILITIES

                    TO SCHEDULE A PUBLIC MEETING THAT ALLOWS COMMUNITY STAKEHOLDERS TO

                    PROVIDE PUBLIC COMMENT, ASK QUESTIONS AND RECEIVE ANSWERS FROM

                    EITHER THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFER -- OR CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OR THE CHIEF

                    OPERATING OFFICER, AND OUTLINES SIGNIFICANT DOCUMENTATION THAT MUST BE

                    SUBMITTED WITH A CLOSURE PLAN.  MY UNDERSTANDING IS ALL THOSE THINGS

                    WOULD HAVE TO HAPPEN BEFORE THE APPROVAL FOR CLOSURE.  THOSE THINGS

                    HAVE ALREADY BEEN PUT INTO PLACE AS POLICY AT DOH, WHICH, IN MY

                    READING, WOULD KIND OF MAKE EVERYTHING THAT WE'RE PASSING TODAY

                    ALREADY BEING DONE TO AN EXTENT, BUT DO IT IN A WAY THAT NOT JUST

                    PROTECTS HEALTHCARE ACCESS IN COMMUNITIES, BUT ALSO ENSURES THE

                    SURVIVAL OF OUR -- OUR OVERTAXED, UNDER-REIMBURSED -- OVER-TASKED, NOT

                    TAXED, YOU KNOW, WITH THE X AND UNDER-REIMBURSED HEALTHCARE

                    FACILITIES.

                                 MS. SIMON:  BUT IT DOESN'T ACTUALLY ENSURE THAT.  IT IS

                                         249



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    -- IT'S A -- A STEP IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION.  IT'S NOT AS COMPREHENSIVE.  AND,

                    YOU KNOW, AS SOMEBODY WHO HAS SPENT A NUMBER OF YEARS ARGUING

                    CERTAIN MATTERS IN COURT, YOU KNOW, GUIDANCE IS GUIDANCE.  GUIDANCE

                    IS, PLEASE DO THIS, FOLKS, AND HERE'S HOW I'D LIKE YOU TO DO IT.  IT HAS NOT

                    THE STRENGTH OF REGULATION, IT IS SIMPLY GUIDANCE.  SO IT'S GUIDANCE AND

                    IT'S IN THE NICE-TO-KNOW DEPARTMENT.  THEN THERE'S REGULATIONS WHICH

                    HAVE ENFORCEMENT CAPACITY.  AND THEN YOU HAVE STATUTES.  AND YOU

                    WANT STATUTORY RIGHTS TO -- THEY ARE THE MOST STRONG.  BECAUSE YOU CAN

                    CHANGE A REGULATION VERY EASILY, AND YOU CAN SAY BYE-BYE TO THAT

                    GUIDANCE.  SO WHILE I APPRECIATE THE GUIDANCE, I'M GLAD THEY -- THEY

                    READ OUR BILL AND TOOK SOME -- SOME GUIDANCE FROM THAT.  IT IS

                    INSUFFICIENT.  AND THIS WAS A MATTER I BELIEVE WE DISCUSSED LAST YEAR.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  I -- MS. SIMON, I'D LIKE TO THINK IT WAS

                    NOT NECESSARILY JUST YOUR BILL, BUT OUR ROBUST DEBATE OVER THE PAST NINE

                    PRESIDENTIAL ADMINISTRATIONS.

                                 THANK YOU, MS. SIMON.

                                 MR. SPEAKER, ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. JENSEN:  THANK YOU, MR. SPEAKER.  AND

                    CERTAINLY I THANK MS. SIMON.  I THINK THIS WAS OUR -- OUR FIFTH TIME

                    DEBATING THIS BILL, AND CERTAINLY I CAN UNDERSTAND AND -- AND

                    SYMPATHIZE WITH THE EXPERIENCE THAT HER COMMUNITY WENT THROUGH WITH

                    THE INSPIRATION FOR THIS BILL IN 2013, AS WELL AS I DO RECOGNIZE THE NEED

                    FOR COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT, NOTIFICATION WHEN THE DELIVERY AND ACCESS

                    TO CRITICALLY IMPORTANT HEALTHCARE SERVICES IS GOING TO CHANGE.

                                         250



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 I DO BELIEVE THAT THIS BILL COULD HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO

                    JEOPARDIZE THE STABILITY OF EXISTING HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IF THEY NEED TO

                    CLOSE FOR -- OR REDUCE BED CAPACITY FOR WHATEVER REASON.  BUT ALSO, IF

                    THEY WANT TO TAKE BEDS OFFLINE TEMPORARY TO MODERNIZE, TO IMPROVE THE

                    DELIVERY OF HEALTHCARE IN A COMMUNITY.

                                 I BELIEVE THAT THE GOVERNOR'S VETO OF THIS LEGISLATION

                    LAST YEAR WAS CORRECT.  HER REASONING WAS CORRECT.  I BELIEVE THAT THE

                    DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH WITH THEIR DEAR ADMINISTRATOR LETTER IN 2023 TO

                    CLARIFY THE OBLIGATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE OPERATORS OF FACILITIES

                    WAS APPROPRIATE.  AND WHILE I APPRECIATE THE -- THE HEARTFELT REASON

                    WHY THIS BILL HAS COME BEFORE US, I DO BELIEVE THAT WE HAVE IN THE

                    EXISTING ECOSYSTEM THE NECESSARY COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT AND

                    REQUIREMENTS TO PROTECT COMMUNITIES AS WELL AS OUR CARE PROVIDERS.

                                 THANK YOU, MR. SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT ON THE 60TH

                    DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  A PARTY VOTE --

                    EXCUSE ME -- A PARTY VOTE HAS BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MR. SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PARTICULAR PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION.  IF THERE ARE YES VOTES, NOW WOULD BE THE TIME TO CAST

                    THEM AT YOUR SEAT.

                                         251



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MR.

                    SPEAKER.  THE MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF THIS PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION; HOWEVER, THERE MAY BE A FEW THAT WOULD DESIRE TO BE AN

                    EXCEPTION.  THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO DO SO.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 MS. SIMON TO EXPLAIN HER VOTE.

                                 MS. SIMON:  THANK YOU, MR. SPEAKER.

                                 THIS BILL HAS BEEN DEBATED NUMEROUS TIMES, AND IT HAS

                    PASSED EVERY TIME BECAUSE THE NEED IS SO GREAT.  NO ONE SHOULD FACE

                    THE LOSS OF THEIR HOSPITAL BECAUSE THE PEOPLE WHO ARE IN THE

                    DECISION-MAKING CAPACITY DON'T KNOW ENOUGH ABOUT YOUR COMMUNITY

                    AND THOSE HEALTHCARE NEEDS SO THAT WHEN THAT HOSPITAL CLOSES THERE MAY

                    VERY WELL BE MANY PEOPLE WHO ARE LEFT HIGH AND DRY.  IN REALITY,

                    NOTHING IN THIS BILL WOULD PROHIBIT A CLOSURE IN ORDER TO -- OF A

                    DEPARTMENT IN ORDER TO RENOVATE, FOR EXAMPLE, OR TO IMPROVE OR TO

                    INSTALL NEW EQUIPMENT.  THAT IS SOMETHING THAT IS A MIS --

                    MISUNDERSTANDING OF THIS BILL.  THIS BILL WILL PROTECT PEOPLE.  IT WILL

                    MAKE SURE THAT WE KEEP OUR HOSPITALS OPEN AND PROVIDING THE SERVICES

                    THAT NEW YORKERS NEED.  AND RIGHT NOW NEW YORKERS NEED ALL THE

                                         252



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HEALTHCARE SERVICES THEY CAN GET.

                                 SO I WILL BE VOTING IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. SIMON IN THE AFFIRMATIVE.

                                 ARE THERE ANY OTHER VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THIS BILL IS PASSED.

                                 PAGE 20, RULES REPORT NO. 541, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY NO. A08663, RULES REPORT

                    NO. 541, MITAYNES, HEVESI.  AN ACT TO AMEND THE PRIVATE HOUSING

                    FINANCE LAW, IN RELATION TO INCREASING THE BONDING AUTHORITY OF THE

                    NEW YORK CITY HOUSING DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  ABSOLUTELY.  ON A

                    MOTION -- MY APOLOGIES.  ON A MOTION BY MS. MITAYNES, THE SENATE BILL

                    IS BEFORE THE HOUSE.  THE SENATE BILL IS ADVANCED.

                                 AN EXPLANATION IS REQUESTED.

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  THANK YOU.

                                 TODAY I RISE TO INTRODUCE ASSEMBLY BILL A.8663,

                    LEGISLATION THAT WOULD INCREASE THE BONDING AUTHORITY OF NEW YORK

                    CITY HOUSING DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION, HDC, FROM 19 BILLION TO 20

                    BILLION.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  MR. RA.

                                 MR. RA:  THANK YOU, MR. SPEAKER.  WOULD THE

                    SPONSOR YIELD?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  WILL THE SPONSOR

                                         253



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    YIELD?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  YES.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THE SPONSOR YIELDS.

                                 MR. RA:  THANK YOU.  SO JUST A FEW QUESTIONS

                    REGARDING THIS INCREASE IN THE BONDING AUTHORITY.  FIRST, HOW MUCH

                    ROOM UNDER THE CURRENT BOND AUTHORITY DOES THE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

                    CORPORATION HAVE?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  CURRENTLY, HDC ONLY HAS 1.67

                    BILLION LEFT TO ISSUE.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  OKAY.  SO HOW MUCH OUTSTANDING

                    DEBT DOES THE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION HAVE?

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  14.6 BILLION.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  AND WHEN WAS THE LAST TIME WE

                    INCREASED THIS BONDING AUTHORITY AND BY HOW MUCH?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  WELL, LAST TIME WAS IN 2023 BY 1

                    BILLION, 2022 BY 1 BILLION, 2021 BY 1.5- SO WE DO THIS REGULARLY.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  AND IS THIS INTENDED TO SUPPORT ANY

                    SPECIFIC PROJECTS, OR IS THIS KIND OF A ROUTINE INCREASE IN THE AUTHORITY AS

                    WE'RE APPROACHING, YOU KNOW, THE CURRENT -- THE -- THE FULL AMOUNT WITH

                    1.67 REMAINING?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  SO, THERE ARE SOME PROJECTS DOWN

                    THE PIPELINE, AND THEN, YOU KNOW, WE'RE EXPECTING ADDITIONAL PROJECTS

                    AS WELL.

                                 MR. RA:  OKAY.  AND IS THERE -- DO YOU KNOW ANY

                                         254



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    SPECIFIC CRITERIA THAT'S USED TO DETERMINE HOW THE ADDITIONAL BONDING

                    CAPACITY IS ALLOCATED AMONGST THE DIFFERENT HOUSING PROGRAMS AND

                    INITIATIVES THAT ARE SUPPORTED BY THE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT

                    CORPORATION?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  IT SUPPORTS A VARIETY OF PROGRAMS

                    IN PARTNERSHIP WITH HPD AND NYCHA TO ACHIEVE THE CITY'S AFFORDABLE

                    HOUSING GOALS.

                                 MR. RA:  THANK YOU.  AND ARE THERE POTENTIAL

                    IMPLICATIONS FOR NEW YORK CITY'S CREDIT RATING OR DEBT CAPACITY WITH

                    REGARD TO THIS 1 BILLION IN NEW DEBT AUTHORIZATIONS FOR HDC?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  NO.  WE'RE IN GOOD STANDING.

                                 MR. RA:  AND ARE THERE ANY INCREASE IN -- IS THERE

                    ANY INCREASE IN STATE-SUPPORTED DEBT AS A RESULT OF NEW DEBT ISSUANCES

                    BY HDC?

                                 MS. MITAYNES:  NO.

                                 MR. RA:  ALL RIGHT.  THANK YOU VERY MUCH.

                                 MR. SPEAKER, ON THE BILL.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  ON THE BILL.

                                 MR. RA:  SO, IN THE PAST WE'VE HAD SOME NO VOTES ON

                    THIS, AND WE DID AS IT WORKED ITS WAY THROUGH COMMITTEE.  OBVIOUSLY,

                    THE INCREASE IN CAPACITY BY $1 BILLION IS A LARGE AMOUNT OF MONEY.

                    NOW, IT'S IN THE CONTEXT OF WHAT'S CURRENTLY 19 BILLION BECOMING $20

                    BILLION.  I THINK THAT AS A GENERAL STATEMENT, YOU KNOW, HOUSING --

                    BUILDING HOUSING REQUIRES DEBT TO BE ISSUED.  WE'VE HAD A NUMBER OF

                    BILLS THAT HAVE COME THROUGH THIS YEAR WITH REGARD TO THIS.  BUT THERE

                                         255



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    HAVE BEEN CONCERNS EXPRESSED AS WE'RE TALKING ABOUT WHAT IS A VERY

                    LARGE NUMBER OF $20 BILLION WITH A $1 BILLION INCREASE THIS YEAR.  AS

                    WAS STATED, WE CONTINUE TO DO THIS EVERY COUPLE OF YEARS.  THERE IS STILL

                    $1.67 BILLION OF AUTHORITY THAT EXISTS UNDER THE CURRENT CAP.

                                 I -- I -- I THINK THAT SOME OF MY COLLEAGUES ARE JUST

                    CONCERNED WITH THE AMOUNT OF DEBT THAT IS BEING ISSUED, AND THAT'S WHY

                    THERE'S GOING TO BE MANY NEGATIVE VOTES ON OUR SIDE OF THE AISLE.

                    THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 MR. RA IN THE NEGATIVE.

                                 READ THE LAST SECTION.

                                 THE CLERK:  THIS ACT SHALL TAKE EFFECT IMMEDIATELY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  A PARTY VOTE HAS

                    BEEN REQUESTED.

                                 MS. WALSH.

                                 MS. WALSH:  THANK YOU, MR. SPEAKER.  THE

                    REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE WILL GENERALLY BE IN THE NEGATIVE ON THIS PIECE

                    OF LEGISLATION.  THERE MAY BE A COUPLE OF EXCEPTIONS.  IF SO, YOU CAN

                    CHANGE YOUR VOTE AND VOTE YES AT YOUR DESK.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES.

                                 MRS. PEOPLES-STOKES:  THANK YOU, MR.

                    SPEAKER.  THE MAJORITY CONFERENCE IS GENERALLY GONNA BE IN FAVOR OF

                    THIS OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP AND CREATE NEW HOUSING; HOWEVER, THERE

                                         256



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    MAY BE A FEW THAT WOULD BE AN EXCEPTION.  THEY SHOULD FEEL FREE TO

                    VOTE AT THEIR SEATS.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  THANK YOU.

                                 THE CLERK WILL RECORD THE VOTE.

                                 (THE CLERK RECORDED THE VOTE.)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ARE THERE ANY OTHER

                    VOTES?  ANNOUNCE THE RESULTS.

                                 (THE CLERK ANNOUNCED THE RESULTS.)

                                 THE BILL IS PASSED.

                                 MR. FALL.

                                 MR. FALL:  MADAM SPEAKER, CAN WE NOW GO TO

                    RESOLUTIONS ON PAGE 3?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER TAYLOR:  ABSOLUTELY.

                                 RESOLUTIONS, PAGE 3, THE CLERK WILL READ.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 738, MS.

                    TAPIA.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JUNE 10, 2025, AS FSGS AWARENESS DAY IN

                    THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 739, MS.

                    WATER -- CHANDLER-WATERMAN.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                                         257



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JUNE 2025, AS GUN VIOLENCE AWARENESS

                    MONTH IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. LUCAS ON THE

                    RESOLUTION.

                                 (PAUSE)

                                 MR. ANDERSON ON THE RESOLUTION.

                                 MR. ANDERSON:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, TO

                    SPEAK ON THE RESOLUTION.  I WANT TO TAKE A MOMENT TO THANK THE SPONSOR

                    FOR THIS RESOLUTION.  IT'S CRITICAL THAT EVERY YEAR IN THE MONTH OF JUNE WE

                    RECOGNIZE AND COMMEMORATE GUN VIOLENCE AWARENESS MONTH, NOT

                    JUST AS A MONTH ON THE CALENDAR, BUT AN OPPORTUNITY TO REMEMBER AND

                    MEMORIALIZE THE LIVES THAT WE'VE LOST DUE TO SENSELESS GUN VIOLENCE.

                                 EVERY YEAR THAT I'VE SERVED IN THIS LEGISLATURE, I'VE

                    ALWAYS CARRIED A PIECE OF LEGISLATION THAT FOCUSES ON GUN VIOLENCE IN

                    SOME WAY, WHETHER IT'S HELPING THE VICTIMS OR THE SURVIVORS.  WHETHER

                    IT'S SUPPORTING THOSE WHO HAVE LOST A LOVED ONE.  AND THIS YEAR I'M

                    CARRYING LEGISLATION THAT WILL CONTINUE TO PUSH ON THAT ISSUE.

                                 AND I WANT TO TAKE A MOMENT TO THANK THE CAUCUS AND

                    THE CHAIR OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON ANTIVIOLENCE AND GUN VIOLENCE

                    [SIC], ASSEMBLYWOMAN CHANDLER-WATERMAN, AND IT'S MY HOPE THAT THE

                    NAMES, THE PEOPLE AND THE INDIVIDUALS THAT WE LOST DUE TO SENSELESS GUN

                    VIOLENCE WILL BE ONES THAT WE CAN REMEMBER IN A WAY AS A STATE AS WE

                    WORK TO REPAIR AND HEAL THE HARM THAT'S CAUSED BY THIS DISEASE CALLED

                    GUN VIOLENCE.

                                 I ENCOURAGE MY COLLEAGUES TO VOTE IN FAVOR OF THIS

                                         258



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    RESOLUTION.  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 MS. CHANDLER-WATERMAN ON THE RESOLUTION.

                                 MS. CHANDLER-WATERMAN:  THANK YOU,

                    MADAM CHAIR.  I'M PROUD TO INTRODUCE AND SPEAK ON THIS RESOLUTION

                    AND CALL IN ON GOVERNOR KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JUNE AS GUN

                    VIOLENCE AWARENESS MONTH IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ON THIS DAY WE KICKED OFF BY HOLDING A PRESS

                    CONFERENCE HERE IN ALBANY AS WELL AS HAVE A ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION

                    WITH SURVIVORS, STATE AND CITY AGENCIES, ANTIVIOLENCE GROUPS AND CURE

                    VIOLENCE GROUPS THROUGHOUT THE STATE.  WE WEAR ORANGE AS WE STAND

                    WITH SURVIVORS AS THEY MEMORIALIZE THEIR LOVED ONES THAT WERE

                    MURDERED DUE TO GUN VIOLENCE BY DISPLAYING THEIR PICTURE IN THE

                    HALLWAYS OF THE CAPITOL.  DUE TO THE COLLABORATIVE WORK OF EVERYONE

                    BEHIND THE SCENES, ESPECIALLY THROUGHOUT OUR STATEWIDE DISCUSSIONS,

                    WE WERE ABLE IN THIS BUDGET TO SECURE THE NEW YORK STATE OFFICE OF

                    GUN VIOLENCE PREVENTION TO EXPAND, ENSURE IT'S PERMANENT, MAKE SURE

                    THEY IT GOT DEVELOPED IMPLEMENTATION OF IMPACT FOR WRAPAROUND

                    SERVICES, INTENTIONAL SUPPORT FOR SURVIVORS, DATA COLLECTION, GRANT

                    ALLOCATIONS TO COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS, AND PUBLIC EDUCATION

                    CAMPAIGNS AIMED TO REDUCE GUN VIOLENCE WITH COORDINATION WITH

                    STAKEHOLDERS AND AGENCIES.  WE ALSO HAVE A NEW TERM CALLED "MASS GUN

                    VIOLENCE", THREE OR MORE INJURED IN ONE SHOOTING OR THREE OR MORE

                    INJURED IN MULTIPLE SHOOTING -- RELATED SHOOTINGS WITHIN SEVEN DAYS, OR

                    FOUR OR MORE BEING MURDERED KNOWN AS A MASS SHOOTING IS ALL CALLED

                                         259



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    "MASS GUN VIOLENCE."

                                 I WANT TO THANK THE VITAL VOICES OF OUR SURVIVORS WHO

                    TURNED THEIR PAIN INTO PURPOSE.  AND -- AND AT THE SAME ROUNDTABLE

                    DISCUSSION WE EXPAND THE OFFICE OF VICTIM SERVICES TO PROVIDE MORE

                    SUPPORT FOR BURIAL ASSISTANCE, RAISING THE CAP FROM 6,000 TO $12,000.

                    AND WITH NO JUDGMENT TO THE VICTIM, MORE SUPPORT FOR REIMBURSEMENT

                    FOR CLEANUP -- CRIME SCENE CLEANUP WHERE -- WHETHER YOU'RE FAMILY OR

                    NOT; LOST WAGES FOR SURVIVOR'S SUPPORT; ASSISTANCE WITH RELOCATION AND

                    EVEN INTENTIONAL SUPPORT TO THOSE WHO ARE LIVING WITH DISABILITIES THAT

                    ARE VICTIMS.

                                 AS WE RECOGNIZE GUN VIOLENCE AWARENESS MONTH,

                    WE MUST ACKNOWLEDGE HOW OUR SURVIVORS TURNED THEIR PAIN INTO

                    PURPOSE FOR THIS SESSION.  I PROUDLY VOTE IN THE AFFIRMATIVE AND I

                    ENCOURAGE MY COLLEAGUES TO DO THE SAME.  THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 ON THE RESOLUTION, ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING

                    AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 740, MR.

                    DESTEFANO.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JUNE 2025, AS GREAT OUTDOORS MONTH IN THE

                    STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.

                                         260



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 741, MS.

                    CRUZ.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM -- TO PROCLAIM JULY 20, 2025, COLOMBIAN

                    INDEPENDENCE DAY IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, ON THE 215TH ANNIVERSARY

                    OF COLOMBIAN INDEPENDENCE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. CRUZ ON THE

                    RESOLUTION.

                                 MS. CRUZ:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  AS A

                    PROUD COLOMBIAN AND FORMERLY-UNDOCUMENTED PERSON, IT IS AN

                    INCREDIBLE HONOR TO BRING THIS RESOLUTION BEFORE THE ASSEMBLY.

                                 TODAY I RISE NOT JUST AS A LEGISLATOR, BUT ONE OF HALF-A-

                    MILLION COLOMBIANS THAT CALL NEW YORK OUR HOME.  OUR STORIES ARE

                    TIED TO VIOLENCE THAT FORCED US TO FLEE, BUT ALSO TO THE RESILIENCY THAT HAS

                    PUSHED US TO BECOME SUCCESSFUL.  WE'RE BUSINESSOWNERS, BANKERS,

                    TEACHERS, FIREFIGHTERS, LAWYERS, ELECTED OFFICIALS.  WE'RE RESTAURANT

                    WORKERS, CONSTRUCTION WORKERS, THE CLEANING LADIES, REPORTERS, ARTISTS

                    AND MANY OTHERS.  WE ARE REFUGEES, PERMANENT RESIDENTS, THE

                    DREAMERS, THE CITIZENS.  BUT ABOVE ALL, WE ARE FIGHTERS.  WE'RE

                    EVERYWHERE.  FROM MY HOME IN JACKSON HEIGHTS, ALSO KNOWN AS "LITTLE

                    COLOMBIA", TO THE BRONX, TO BUFFALO, TO BATAVIA TO OCEANSIDE WHERE

                    MY MOTHER LIVES, AND MANY OTHER PLACES.  WE EAT EMPANADAS,

                    SANCOCHO.  WE DANCE VALLENATO, CUMBIA.  WE LOVE LAS SELECCIONES,

                    WHICH IS ACTUALLY PLAYING RIGHT NOW AGAINST ARGENTINA AND IT LOOKS LIKE

                    WE'RE GONNA TIE.

                                         261



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 I AM A PROUD -- I'M PROUD TO JOIN MY COLLEAGUES OF

                    COLOMBIAN DESCENT HERE IN -- AND IN THE SENATE FOR THE RESOLUTION

                    COMMEMORATING OUR 215TH ANNIVERSARY, A HISTORY THAT LIVES IN EVERY

                    COLOMBIAN HOME HERE IN NEW YORK AND BACK IN OUR COUNTRY, EVERY

                    IMMIGRANT'S STORY AND EVERY CELEBRATION OF OUR ROOTS.

                                 ON JULY 20, 1810 A SEEMINGLY ORDINARY MOMENT, THE

                    DENIAL OF A FLOWER VASE FOR A PATRIOTIC GATHERING SPARKED A REVOLUTION IN

                    BOGOTÁ, THE CAPITAL.  THAT MOMENT OF RESISTANCE LED TO THE CREATION OF A

                    LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL AND IGNITED COLOMBIA'S LONG JOURNEY TO

                    FREEDOM FROM SPAIN AND COLONIAL RULE.

                                 FOR MANY OF US, COLOMBIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY IS

                    MORE THAN HISTORY.  IT IS A REMINDER HOW FAR WE'VE COME, AND HOW

                    PROUD WE ARE NOT ONLY TO BE COLOMBIAN, BUT ALSO NEW YORKERS.

                                 AS SOMEONE WHO HAS -- WHO NOW HAS THE PRIVILEGE TO

                    HELP SHAPE THE LAWS IN OUR STATE, I CARRY MY HERITAGE EVERY DAY IN THIS

                    ROOM, AND THIS RESOLUTION ENSURES THAT OUR GOVERNMENT HONORS THAT

                    HERITAGE, TOO.

                                 I RESPECTFULLY ASK THAT MY COLLEAGUES JOIN ME IN

                    MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JULY 20, 2025 AS

                    COLOMBIAN INDEPENDENCE IN NEW YORK.

                                 (SPEAKING SPANISH)

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. ZACCARO ON THE

                    RESOLUTION.

                                 MR. ZACCARO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  AS A

                    PROUD COLOMBIAN REPRESENTING BARRANQUILLA, WHICH IS THE VIBRANT HEART

                                         262



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    OF THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN COAST, I'M HONORED TO SUPPORT THIS

                    RESOLUTION TODAY THAT WILL MEMORIALIZE JULY 20TH AS COLOMBIAN

                    INDEPENDENCE DAY.

                                 ON THIS DAY IN 1810, COLOMBIA DECLARED ITS

                    INDEPENDENCE FROM SPANISH RULE; A PIVOTAL MOMENT THAT RESONATES WITH

                    OUR SHARED VALUES OF FREEDOM AND OF SELF-DETERMINATION.  BARRANQUILLA,

                    KNOWN FOR ITS LIVELY CARNIVAL SHOWCASES OUR RICH CULTURAL HERITAGE AND

                    THE SPIRIT OF UNITY THAT DEFINES US AS COLOMBIANS.

                                 AND I WANT TO EXTEND MY HEARTFELT GRATITUDE TO THE

                    SPONSOR OF THIS RESOLUTION TODAY AND FOR BRINGING IT TO THE FLOOR.  YOU

                    KNOW, I FEEL PRIVILEGED TO SERVE ALONGSIDE SUCH A REMARKABLE

                    COLLEAGUE, A DREAMER FROM COLOMBIA WHO HAS OVERCOME GREAT

                    CHALLENGES.  AND IN A TIME WHEN OUR COUNTRY OFTEN PAINTS ALL

                    IMMIGRANTS WITH ONE BROAD STROKE, HER JOURNEY IS A REFRESHING ONE AND

                    AN EXAMPLE OF THE BEST OF WHAT CAN BE ACHIEVED.

                                 AND SO I WANT TO THANK HER TODAY FOR BRINGING THIS TO

                    THE FLOOR, AND I WANT US TO COME TOGETHER TO ACKNOWLEDGE THIS

                    IMPORTANT DAY AND CONTINUE TO PROMOTE A SOCIETY WHERE EVERY CULTURE

                    IS CELEBRATED.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 ON THE RESOLUTION, ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING

                    AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 742, MS.

                    BUTTENSCHON.

                                         263



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JULY 2025, AS ICE CREAM MONTH IN THE STATE

                    OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 743, MS.

                    SOLAGES.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JULY 2025, AS FIBROID AWARENESS MONTH IN

                    THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 744, MR.

                    EPSTEIN.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JULY 2025, AS DISABILITY PRIDE MONTH IN THE

                    STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 745, MR.

                    JONES.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                                         264



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM JULY 2025, AS LAKE APPRECIATION MONTH IN

                    THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 746, MR. K.

                    BROWN.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM AUGUST 31, 2025, AS OVERDOSE AWARENESS

                    DAY IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. BROWN ON THE

                    RESOLUTION.

                                 MR. K. BROWN:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, FOR

                    ALLOWING ME TO SPEAK ON THIS IMPORTANT RESOLUTION.

                                 OVERDOSE AWARENESS DAY HAS GARNERED INCREASED

                    INTERNATIONAL ATTENTION AND RECOGNITION OVER THE PREVIOUS TWO DECADES

                    BECAUSE OF THE HEARTBREAKING SURGE OF OVERDOSES DURING THAT TIME

                    PERIOD.  TO PUT THIS INTO PERSPECTIVE, IN NEW YORK STATE ALONE,

                    OPIOID-RELATED DEATHS INCREASED BY A STAGGERING 1,194 PERCENT BETWEEN

                    JUST 2010 AND 2017.  THIS EPIDEMIC AFFECTS NOT JUST INDIVIDUALS WHO

                    PASS AWAY FROM OVERDOSE, BUT ALSO FAMILIES, FRIENDS AND ENTIRE

                    COMMUNITIES THAT BEAR THE BURDEN OF GRIEF AS A RESULT OF THEIR HORRIFIC

                    LOSSES.

                                 OVERDOSE AWARENESS DAY PROVIDES THOSE GRIEVING

                    WITH THE OPPORTUNITY TO PUBLICLY MOURN THEIR LOVED ONES WHILE FEELING

                                         265



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THE STRONG SENSE OF SUPPORT AND COMMUNITY.  IT'S THE HOPE THAT THIS

                    RESOLUTION AND OTHER MEASURES TAKEN BY THIS BODY CAN RAISE MORE

                    AWARENESS OF THE ISSUE, AND REDUCE THE STIGMA ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG-

                    RELATED DEATHS.

                                 OVERDOSES AFFECT EVERY CORNER OF OUR STATE AND

                    COUNTRY.  SO I HOPE THAT AS NEW YORKERS WE COULD SUPPORT THOSE

                    STRUGGLING WITH OPIOID ADDICTION, PROMOTE GREATER DISCUSSIONS AROUND

                    PREVENTION TECHNIQUES, AND BE THERE FOR OUR FRIENDS AND FAMILY WHO ARE

                    MOURNING THOSE THEY HAVE LOST.

                                 WHILE ONE DRUG-RELATED DEATH IS ONE TOO MANY, THERE

                    ARE REASONS TO BE HOPEFUL.  BETWEEN 2024 AND 2025, NEW YORK STATE

                    SAW A 32 PERCENT DECREASE IN DRUG-RELATED DEATHS.  THAT'S SOMETHING TO

                    BE PROUD OF.  BUT THIS PROGRESS IS WELCOME, AND IT PROVES THAT MEASURES

                    THAT HAVE BEEN AND CONTINUE TO HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO ADDRESS THIS

                    EPIDEMIC CAN BE HELPFUL.  MY HOPE IS THAT THIS BODY CONTINUES TO

                    INTRODUCE LEGISLATION DESIGNED TO SPREAD AWARENESS, PROVIDE

                    INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC, MINIMIZE THE STIGMA OF DRUG-RELATED DEATHS,

                    AND PROVIDE ASSISTANCE TO THOSE WHO NEED IT THE MOST.

                                 FINALLY, IT'S TIME TO REMEMBER LOVED ONES THAT WE

                    HAVE LOST TO AN OVERDOSE, AND IT'S PARAMOUNT THAT WE WORK DILIGENTLY TO

                    ADDRESS THE CURRENT EPIDEMIC, SAVING THE LIVES OF FAMILY MEMBERS,

                    FRIENDS AND NEIGHBORS IN THE PROCESS.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 ON THE RESOLUTION, ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING

                                         266



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 747, MR.

                    BRABENEC.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM AUGUST 2025, AS SWISS-AMERICAN HERITAGE

                    MONTH IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 748, MR.

                    SANTABARBARA.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM SEPTEMBER 7-13, 2025, AS DIRECT SUPPORT

                    PROFESSIONAL RECOGNITION WEEK IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MR. SANTABARBARA

                    ON THE RESOLUTION.

                                 MR. SANTABARBARA:  THANK YOU, MADAM

                    SPEAKER, FOR THE OPPORTUNITY TO SPEAK ON THIS RESOLUTION RECOGNIZING

                    DIRECT SUPPORT PROFESSIONAL WEEK [SIC] IN NEW YORK STATE.

                                 DIRECT SUPPORT PROFESSIONALS DO INCREDIBLE WORK

                    EVERY DAY.  THEY HELP PEOPLE WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LIVE FULL,

                    MEANINGFUL LIVES.  THEY NOT ONLY ASSIST WITH DAILY NEEDS LIKE MEALS,

                    MEDICATION, GETTING TO WORK OR SCHOOL; THEY ALSO PROVIDE CARE,

                    CONNECTION AND SUPPORT.  THESE ARE THE PEOPLE HELPING INDIVIDUALS STAY

                    CONNECTED TO THEIR FAMILIES, THEIR COMMUNITIES, AND THE WORLD AROUND

                                         267



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    THEM.  THEIR WORK BRINGS COMFORT, DIGNITY AND INDEPENDENCE TO SO

                    MANY NEW YORKERS.

                                 AS CHAIR OF THE ASSEMBLY'S COMMITTEE ON PEOPLE

                    WITH DISABILITIES AND AS A FATHER OF A SON WITH AUTISM, I'VE SEEN

                    FIRSTHAND THE DIFFERENCE THESE DEDICATED INDIVIDUALS CAN MAKE IN

                    SOMEONE'S LIFE.  THEIR WORK DESERVES OUR APPRECIATION, OUR RECOGNITION

                    AND OUR RESPECT, AND THIS RESOLUTION IS ONE WAY THAT WE CAN SAY THANK

                    YOU AND I INVITE EVERYONE TO JOIN ME IN SUPPORTING IT.

                                 THANK YOU.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. GIGLIO ON THE

                    RESOLUTION.

                                 MS. GIGLIO:  THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.  AND I'D

                    LIKE TO THANK THE SPONSOR FOR THIS WONDERFUL RESOLUTION BECAUSE YOU

                    KNOW WHAT?  DIRECT SUPPORT PROFESSIONALS ARE THERE EVERY DAY.

                    THEY'RE THERE FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND THE PEOPLE THAT REALLY

                    HAVE BEEN FORGOTTEN IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, ALONG WITH OUR

                    VETERANS, ALONG WITH OUR SENIORS, ALONG WITH MANY OTHERS.  AND OUR

                    STATE BUDGET NEXT YEAR SHOULD REFLECT HOW THESE PEOPLE WHO CARE FOR

                    OUR MOST VULNERABLE SHOULD BE PAID SO THAT THEY CAN AFFORD TO CONTINUE

                    TO DO THE WORK OF GOD AND THE WORK THAT THEY LOVE SO MUCH.  BUT THEY

                    HAVE TO WORK THREE JOBS IN ORDER TO DO WHAT THEY REALLY LOVE, AND THEN

                    BE ABLE TO DO TWO OTHER JOBS TO PROVIDE FOR THEIR FAMILIES BECAUSE THEY

                    HAVEN'T KEPT UP -- THEIR PAY HAS NOT KEPT UP WITH THE RATE OF INFLATION.

                    THEY'RE STILL 8 PERCENT BEHIND IN THE LAST 15, 20 YEARS THAT THEY HAVEN'T

                    GOTTEN INCREASES.

                                         268



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                                 SO THANK YOU, THANK YOU, ASSEMBLYMAN

                    SANTABARBARA.  THIS IS A VERY IMPORTANT RESOLUTION.  AND I HOPE THAT WE

                    ALL CONSIDER THIS RESOLUTION IN THE BUDGET NEXT YEAR AND MAKE SURE THAT

                    WE GET THE DSPS AND THE NON-FOR-PROFITS THAT ARE PROVIDING THESE

                    SERVICES UP TO WHERE THEY SHOULD BE TODAY TO BE THE BEST THAT THEY CAN

                    BE SO THAT THE PEOPLE THAT ARE THE MOST VULNERABLE IN OUR SOCIETY AND

                    NEW YORK STATE CAN BE THE BEST THAT THEY CAN BE.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU.

                                 ON THE RESOLUTION, ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING

                    AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 749, MR.

                    EACHUS.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM SEPTEMBER 21-27, 2025, AS SHERIFF'S WEEK

                    IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 750, MS.

                    BUTTENSCHON.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM SEPTEMBER 2025, AS BRAIN ANEURYSM

                    AWARENESS MONTH IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                                         269



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 751, MS.

                    PAULIN.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM SEPTEMBER 2025, AS SEPSIS AWARENESS

                    MONTH IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON THE RESOLUTION,

                    ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS

                    ADOPTED.


                                 THE CLERK:  ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NO. 752, MS.

                    LUCAS.

                                 LEGISLATIVE RESOLUTION MEMORIALIZING GOVERNOR

                    KATHY HOCHUL TO PROCLAIM NOVEMBER 3, 2025, AS PANAMANIAN --

                    PANAMANIAN INDEPENDENCE DAY IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  MS. LUCAS ON THE

                    RESOLUTION.

                                 MS. LUCAS:  GOOD EVENING, COLLEAGUES, AND THANK

                    YOU, MADAM SPEAKER.

                                 I AM GRATEFUL TO HAVE COME TO KNOW MANY OF YOU.  WE

                    SPENT A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF TIME GETTING TO KNOW AND UNDERSTAND

                    EACH OTHER.  TODAY I SHARE MORE ABOUT MYSELF WITH YOU.  MY

                    GREAT-GRANDPARENTS ETHEL AND DAYTON STANDARD, BOTH BORN IN THE 1800S,

                    MIGRATED TO CHORRERA, PANAMA TO FOLLOW THE ECONOMIES OF THE TIME IN

                    THIS REGION, WHICH WAS THE BUILDING OF THE PANAMA CANAL.  MY

                                         270



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    GREAT-GRANDPARENTS BIRTHED AND RAISED FIVE CHILDREN IN PANAMA, ONE OF

                    WHICH WAS MY PATERNAL GRANDMOTHER, RITA STANDARD, WHO WAS BORN ON

                    JUNE 15, 1914 IN CHORRERA, PANAMA EXACTLY TWO MONTHS BEFORE THE

                    CANAL'S OPENING TO COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC ON AUGUST 15, 1914.  MY

                    GRANDMOTHER, RITA STANDARD, WAS ALSO BORN IN PANAMA 11 YEARS AFTER

                    PANAMA SOUGHT TO ASSERT ITS AUTONOMY AND ITS SELF-DETERMINATION FROM

                    COLOMBIA THROUGH PEACEFUL MEANS.

                                 PANAMA HAD A COMPLEX HISTORY; ONE OF COLONIAL

                    LOYALTY FROM SPAIN TO COLOMBIA, ONE OF SEVERAL FAILED ATTEMPTS TO BUILD

                    THE CANAL.  THIS CREATED GREAT UNREST IN THE PANAMANIAN PEOPLE.

                    PANAMA'S DESIRE FOR ECONOMIC FREEDOM AND CIVIL LIBERTIES FROM

                    COLOMBIAN -- FROM COLOMBIA BEGAN TO FUEL PANAMA'S DESIRE FOR

                    AUTONOMY.

                                 IN THE EARLY 1900S, INFLUENTIAL PANAMANIANS BEGAN

                    PLANNING A REVOLUTION, AND BY 1903 IT RECEIVED ITS INDEPENDENCE FROM

                    COLOMBIA.  NOVEMBER 3RD IS NOW CELEBRATED IN PANAMA AND BY

                    PANAMANIAN COMMUNITIES AROUND THE WORLD AS SEPARATION DAY; A DAY

                    OF PATRIOTIC PRIDE, NATIONAL REFLECTION AND CULTURAL CELEBRATION.  MY

                    GRANDMOTHER, RITA STANDARD, THEN MIGRATED TO THE UNITED STATES,

                    MARRIED AND RAISED TEN CHILDREN.  IT IS BECAUSE OF HER THAT WHETHER IT IS

                    THE LANGUAGE WE SPEAK, THE FOOD WE COOK, OR THE FESTIVALS, PARADES,

                    RESTAURANTS, SOCIAL CLUBS, SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS AND CIVIC ORGANIZATIONS

                    AND THINK TANKS, PANAMANIANS LIKE MYSELF KEEP OUR CULTURE ALIVE AND

                    CONTRIBUTE TO THIS BEAUTIFUL AND THRIVING COMMUNITY HERE IN THE UNITED

                    STATES.  IN THIS LEGISLATURE ALONE, PANAMANIANS BEFORE ME SERVED IN

                                         271



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    LEADERSHIP; ASSEMBLYMAN ED GRIFFITH AND SENATOR WALDABA STEWART.

                                 MR. GRIFFITH REPRESENTED THE 40TH ASSEMBLY DISTRICT

                    WHICH COVERED A PORTION OF EAST NEW YORK, BROWNSVILLE, AND EAST

                    FLATBUSH AND BROOKLYN KINGS COUNTY.  MR. GRIFFITH MADE A VAST

                    CONTRIBUTION TO NEW YORK LAW.  HE WAS THE ONLY NON-LAWYER ON THE

                    ASSEMBLY JUDICIARY COMMITTEE FOR MANY YEARS.  THIS WAS A TESTAMENT

                    TO HIS GOOD JUDGMENT AND DEEP UNDERSTANDING OF THE NEEDS OF THE

                    COMMUNITY.  ONE OF THE JUDICIARY COMMUNITY'S [SIC] INTELLECTUAL

                    LEADERS, RALPH GOLDSTEIN OF QUEENS WARMLY PRAISED EDDIE AS THE MOST

                    DECENT MAN IN THE LEGISLATURE.  ASSEMBLYMAN GRIFFITH WAS THE CHAIR

                    OF THE ASSEMBLY ETHICS AND GUIDANCE COMMITTEE, AND HE SERVED AS

                    THE CHAIR OF THE BROOKLYN DELEGATION.

                                 SENATOR WALDABA STEWART WAS ELECTED BY A LANDSLIDE

                    IN 1968 TO THE NEW YORK STATE SENATE, WHERE HE WAS HONORED TO SERVE

                    FOR FOUR YEARS.  DR. STEWART SERVED AS THE NEW YORK STATE CHAIRMAN OF

                    THE FIRST NATIONAL BLACK POLITICAL CONVENTION HELD IN GARY, INDIANA.

                    HE ALSO SPONSORED LEGISLATION IN HEALTH FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY

                    CARE FOR THE POOR AND UNDERSERVED COMMUNITIES IN BROOKLYN.

                                 JUST LAST MONTH, PANAMANIANS IN NEW YORK STATE, THE

                    COUNTRY, WORLD AND IN PANAMA CELEBRATED THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF

                    BLACK PANAMANIANS THROUGH THEIR BLACK HERITAGE MONTH CELEBRATION

                    CALLED FIESTA DE LA ETNIA NEGRA.  WHILE TODAY WE COMMEMORATE AND

                    HONOR THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA'S DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE FROM

                    COLOMBIA, WE HOLD UP THEIR FIGHT TO SEEK AND ASSERT ITS AUTONOMY AND

                    SELF-DETERMINATION THROUGH PEACEFUL MEANS, WHICH WAS A MILESTONE

                                         272



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    EVENT THAT PAVED THE WAY FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOVEREIGN

                    NATION OF PANAMA.  THROUGHOUT THE -- THE DIASPORA, WE FIND EXAMPLES

                    OF INDIGENT POPULATIONS CONTRIBUTING TO THE SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL

                    EVENTS, THE RICH CULTURE, TRADITIONS -- RICH CULTURAL TRADITIONS AND BEING

                    THE MANPOWER THAT DRIVES THEIR SOCIETY.  AS EARLY AS THE 1800S AND

                    CONTINUING AFTER THE INDEPENDENCE FROM COLOMBIA, CARIBBEAN MEN AND

                    WOMEN ARRIVED TO WORK AND BUILD THE PANAMA CANAL, CONTRIBUTING TO

                    THE VITALITY OF THE WATERWAY THAT WILL GO ON TO TRANSFORM GLOBAL

                    COMMERCE AND MARITIME NAVIGATION.

                                 I AM PROUD THAT BLACK PEOPLE IN PANAMA HAVE BECOME

                    A PART OF ITS FABRIC THAT REPRESENT ITS FREEDOM OF INDEPENDENCE.  AS WE

                    COMMEMORATE THE INDEPENDENCE OF 1903, WE LIVE THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF

                    PANAMANIANS EVERYWHERE.

                                 THANK YOU, MADAM SPEAKER, AND I ASK THAT YOU

                    ACKNOWLEDGE THE PANAMANIAN VILLAGE.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  THANK YOU, MS.

                    LUCAS.

                                 ON THE RESOLUTION, ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING

                    AYE; OPPOSED, NO.  THE RESOLUTION IS ADOPTED.

                                 MR. FALL.

                                 MR. FALL:  MADAM SPEAKER, DO WE HAVE FURTHER

                    HOUSEKEEPING OR RESOLUTIONS?

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  WE HAVE NO

                    HOUSEKEEPING.

                                 WE HAVE A NUMBER OF RESOLUTIONS BEFORE THE HOUSE.

                                         273



                    NYS ASSEMBLY                                                          JUNE 10, 2025

                    WITHOUT OBJECTION, THESE RESOLUTIONS WILL BE TAKEN UP TOGETHER.

                                 ALL THOSE IN FAVOR SIGNIFY BY SAYING AYE; OPPOSED, NO.

                    THE RESOLUTIONS ARE ADOPTED.

                                 (WHEREUPON, ASSEMBLY RESOLUTION NOS. 753-758

                    WERE UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTED.)

                                 MR. FALL.

                                 MR. FALL:  I NOW MOVE THAT THE ASSEMBLY STAND

                    ADJOURNED AND THAT WE WILL RECONVENE AT 10:00 A.M., WEDNESDAY, JUNE

                    11TH, TOMORROW BEING A SESSION DAY.

                                 ACTING SPEAKER HUNTER:  ON MR. FALL'S

                    MOTION, THE HOUSE STANDS ADJOURNED.

                                 (WHEREUPON, AT 10:14 P.M., THE HOUSE STOOD

                    ADJOURNED UNTIL WEDNESDAY, JUNE 11TH AT 10:00 A.M., THAT BEING A

                    SESSION DAY.)























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